Researchers at Princeton University developed an automated system using Doppler radar to spot oncoming traffic and pedestrians around corners. The system allows cars to see objects out of line of sight, improving automotive safety.
Scientists have identified a specific protein mutation in E. coli that increases bacterial virulence, leading to increased resistance to antibiotics and antibacterial substances. The mutation affects the lipopolysaccharide transporter, causing the bacteria to produce more outer membrane vesicles and become more deadly.
A case series of 20 children and adolescents with new-onset acral inflammatory lesions was reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study presents unique insights into the dermatological manifestations of the pandemic.
Researchers have detected a system of super-Earths orbiting the nearby star Gliese 887, a red dwarf with conditions suitable for liquid water and potentially hosting life. The newly discovered planets are large enough to be rocky worlds and could retain their atmospheres due to the star's low activity.
Researchers identified microRNAs associated with epilepsy and designed drug-like molecules to target them, finding three that stopped seizures in preclinical tests. The study aims to develop novel treatments for people whose seizures cannot be controlled by current medications.
The increasing use of machine learning systems in public policy raises concerns about accountability, bias, and transparency. Explaining complex algorithms can reveal conflicting aims and implicit trade-offs in policy decisions.
A new study reveals that the enzyme SAMHD1 protects B-ALL cells from nelarabine's anti-cancer effects, but not T-ALL cells. This discovery has crucial implications for leukaemia treatment, offering a potential biomarker to tailor therapy to individual patient needs.
Researchers are investigating re-purposing of approved drugs to treat COVID-19 patients, evaluating highly promising therapeutics, and gathering information on effective interventions. The projects will help prepare for future outbreaks by analyzing best practices from across Canada.
Researchers visualize DNA replication in single human cells, revealing a non-random selection mechanism for replication activation on CTCF-organized chromatin structures. The study provides critical insights into the role of local epigenetic environment in coordinating genome duplication.
A Rutgers study found that confronting white individuals about biased statements can lead to a reduction in multiple types of prejudice. The research suggests that confrontation can prompt white men and women to recognize and regulate their own biases towards various groups.
Researchers identified important molecules to study and manipulate specific glial cells integral to synapses. This discovery provides a highly specific glial 'bar code', identifying vital cell subtype and enabling targeted therapy development for neuromuscular diseases such as ALS and SMA.
A remote at-sea science expedition has completed a first look at the deep waters of the Coral Sea, discovering new corals and possible species never before seen. The team mapped over 35,500 square kilometers of seafloor, creating detailed maps that will be available for scientific research and management.
Researchers apply temperature swing solvent extraction technique to attain energy-efficient ZLD, a major advance for global water management. The process extracts water from high-salinity brines without boiling, using low-polarity solvent and moderate temperatures.
Thylacosmilus atrox, a marsupial from Argentina, was previously thought to be a fierce predator like Smilodon. However, new research reveals it was likely a scavenger, using its canines to open carcasses and possibly its tongue to extract innards. Its skull and teeth show distinct differences from those of placental saber-toothed cats.
The journal Public Policy & Aging Report highlights how aging is reshaping politics with policy progress and stagnation, changing cultural views on aging. It offers insight into major trends, generational divides, and the impact of aging on the economy.
Rural Georgia counties with higher black populations experienced the highest rates of infection and death per capita. Investigators attribute this to treatment delays due to limited ICU beds and poor social determinants of health.
Researchers at MLU, UT, and ORNL have successfully produced graphene nanoribbons directly on semiconductor surfaces, overcoming previous limitations. This breakthrough enables customization of the material's properties, paving the way for potential applications in storage technology, semiconductor industry, and quantum computing.
A Rutgers-led study challenges the notion that the Ik are selfish and mean, instead revealing their culture promotes generosity. The researchers found that the Ik live by a saying 'tomora marang,' which means it's good to share.
A study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that COVID-19 shutdowns projected a $15 billion revenue loss for US primary care practices in 2020. The losses could be catastrophic for vulnerable populations, forcing many practices to close and weakening the health system.
Researchers investigated possible association between COVID-19 and chilblains, a dermatological condition characterized by painful inflammation of fingers and toes. The case series included 31 patients, providing valuable insights into this indirect consequence of the pandemic.
Acknowledging a universal human right to health can motivate individuals and groups to create significant improvements in global health. By recognizing this fundamental right, people may refuse to accept impossibility and develop innovative solutions, as seen with HIV/AIDS access efforts that reduced treatment costs.
The systematic two-stent approach significantly improved clinical outcomes compared to provisional stenting in patients with complex coronary bifurcation lesions. TVMI and TLR rates were lower in the two-stent group, while cardiac death rates were similar.
A large-scale analysis of mitral valve-in-valve (ViV) and valve-in-ring (ViR) found significant residual mitral stenosis and regurgitation in patients, leading to repeat valve replacements. The four-year Kaplan-Meier survival rate was 62.5% for ViV vs. 49.5% for ViR.
Dolphins use complex techniques like 'shelling' to obtain food, a behavior comparable to tool use in humans. A study revealed that dolphins learn new foraging methods mainly through social transmission among peers, similar to great apes and gorillas. This discovery expands our understanding of how dolphins adapt to changing environment...
A recent study published in Nature Sustainability found that incentives for afforestation in Chile led to an increase in forest plantations but a decrease in the extent of native forests. This research highlights the need for careful policy design and application to protect natural ecosystems.
Children with diabetes, sepsis, and cancer were most commonly involved in 'delayed presentations' in emergency care during the pandemic lockdown. The survey found that nearly 60% of paediatricians reported seeing such cases, highlighting an urgent need for improved public health messaging.
A study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that women comprise only 22% of full-time professors and 39% of full-time faculty in academic hospital medicine programs. Furthermore, male hospitalist leaders are more likely to have attained the rank of full professor than female leaders.
Researchers from NYU Abu Dhabi used helioseismology to analyze the Sun's interior and found that the meridional flow is a single cell in each hemisphere. This process determines the characteristics of the sunspot cycle, supporting the flux-transport dynamo model.
A new study from Michigan State University found that consumer arrogance drives both positive and negative word-of-mouth communication, with consumers bragging about their purchases to show off their superiority. The research suggests that tapping into this phenomenon can be a key strategy for marketers on social media.
A study published in the American Journal of Neuroradiology found COVID-19 infection to be significantly associated with acute ischemic stroke. After adjusting for age, gender, and risk factors, the researchers showed a 3.9-fold increased risk of stroke among patients with COVID-19 compared to control subjects.
Dyslexia compromises phoneme processing due to continuous acoustic variation in natural speech, making detection of phonemes challenging for individuals with developmental reading-deficit dyslexia. Neural-level evidence suggests difficulties in categorizing speech sounds, impacting the learning of native language phonemes.
A Europe-wide study of 582 children and adolescents confirms that COVID-19 generally causes mild disease, with fatalities extremely rare. The majority of patients experienced mild symptoms, while a notable number required intensive care support.
A study has identified six molecules that could be used as therapeutic targets to treat COVID-19. The research team found that these molecules were uniquely elevated in the blood of critically ill patients, and were able to predict the presence of COVID-19 with high accuracy using artificial intelligence.
Research team reports record-breaking temperatures causing water transport collapse through wood, leading to widespread tree death and drought-related stress symptoms. Mixed forests with drought-resistant species are needed to mitigate climate change impacts.
Access to mobile phones is linked to improved health outcomes, including lower infant and maternal mortality rates. Mobile phones also enable women to make informed decisions about their reproductive health, including the use of modern contraceptive methods.
A meta-analysis of randomized trials found routine revascularization associated with lower non-procedural MI and unstable angina risk, but higher procedural MI rates. The benefits of routine revascularization compared to medical therapy are still uncertain.
A new study found that certain medical terms used by physicians to describe kidney health may be distressing or too difficult to understand for patients with kidney disease. Using consistent and meaningful language can help improve patients' health and satisfaction.
A study has identified genetic variants that predispose to cancer and impair the immune system. The research found up to 57 genetic variants in 13 types of cancer, which affect the body's defenses. The immune system plays a key role in protecting against malignancies, but cancer cells have mechanisms to escape immune responses.
A new study found COVID-19 has a disproportionate impact on minority and non-English speaking communities, with increased risk of diagnosis and death in rural and urban counties. The study highlights the need for standardized collection of sociodemographic characteristics and targeted interventions to address these disparities.
The DynamX Bioadaptor combines acute performance with unique benefits of arterial 'uncaging', allowing for positive adaptive remodeling and reduced target vessel revascularization. This innovation in device design may mitigate the persistent annualized event rate beyond one year.
A new case series published in Radiology examines the spectrum of imaging findings in children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with prior exposure or infection to SARS-CoV-2. The study identified a pattern of imaging findings including airway inflammation and pulmonary edema.
Researchers sequenced ancient DNA from a 9,500-year-old dog, revealing that modern sledge dogs share a common origin with the ancient breed. The study also found genetic adaptations similar to those of polar bears and Arctic people.
Scientists have developed a novel thin-film technology using bronze and brass alloys, which are composed of non-toxic earth-abundant materials. The new method allows for the creation of efficient CZTSSe solar cells with diverse applications, including electronic devices and vehicles.
Genetic study reveals modern sled dog breeds share a distinct lineage that emerged at least 9,500 years ago. The analysis of ancient and modern Arctic dog genomes suggests gene flow from Siberian Pleistocene wolves, highlighting the importance of sled technology in human subsistence.
A recent study mapped mosquito insecticide resistance patterns across Africa, finding dramatic increases in resistance to five mainstream insecticides between 2005 and 2017. This surge in resistance poses a significant threat to malaria control efforts, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa where over half of all cases occur.
Researchers from Staffordshire University found that optimised cushioning in diabetic footwear can significantly reduce plantar pressure, leading to ulcers and painful complications. The study used made-to-measure 3D-printed insoles to change the stiffness of the sole, finding a clear relationship between BMI and optimal stiffness.
Researchers from Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University discovered how nanoparticles, particularly iron oxide nanocubes and nanoclusters, can selectively target and activate specific genes in liver cancer cells, leading to apoptosis and autophagy. This breakthrough could lead to personalized cancer therapy and diagnostic tools.
A pooled analysis of DEFINE FLAIR and iFR SWEDEHEART trials reveals similar safety profiles for iFR and FFR in deferring revascularisation. However, FFR-based deferral shows a strong interaction with age, which may be related to varying age-related responses to adenosine.
Researchers at UMass Amherst find TiO2 nanoparticles alter gut microbiota, causing inflammation and changes in liver protein expression. The study suggests long-term exposure to foodborne TiO2 NPs may have adverse health effects, particularly in obese mice.
The CNRS 2020 Innovation Medallists have made significant contributions to various fields, including graft rejection treatment and high-precision sensors. Their work has led to the development of innovative technologies with applications in industry, healthcare, and research.
Researchers at the University of Bonn identified a receptor that regulates two side effects of aging: increased abdominal girth and shrinking muscles. The A2B receptor is found in mice and human cell cultures, and its activation increases heat generation and muscle growth.
Researchers have developed a novel geochemistry test that can identify osteoporosis before its clinical effects on bones. The test is more sensitive and can detect changes in calcium isotopes in blood and urine, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment.
The study reveals a significant drop in PM2.5 levels in China since 2011, while India is experiencing a plateau phase. The researchers' hybrid dataset shows that effective controls can be remarkably effective at reducing air pollution.
A University of Illinois professor has proposed a framework for guiding researchers in developing common data science approaches, aiming to unify conversations and share knowledge across disciplines. The data science life cycle framework identifies key issues that can be generalized across fields and those specific to each discipline.
Researchers at Kyoto University create simplified artificial cell to investigate internal structure of cells. The team discovers two coexisting actomyosin networks with opposing functions that determine positioning symmetry.
Researchers at NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre have developed intelligent systems capable of identifying geochemical signatures of life from rock samples. The new system, set to debut on the 2022/23 ExoMars mission, will prioritize data transmission over huge distances, overcoming limitations in the search for life on Mars.
A new clinical trial from the University of Minnesota Medical School found that allopurinol did not slow kidney function in people with type 1 diabetes, despite reducing uric acid levels. The three-year study enrolled 530 participants and followed their glomerular filtration rate to assess kidney health.
Researchers applied machine learning techniques to explore microstructure of fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries. They used DC-GANs to generate 3D image data and run simulations to predict cell performance. The technique could help design optimized electrodes for improved energy storage.
Researchers from Brown and Tsinghua Universities have created a bizarre cage-like structure by clustering boron atoms with lanthanide elements, challenging conventional chemistry rules. The discovery may shed light on bulk structure and chemical bonding behavior of boron lanthanides, an important class of materials.
The study found that C. difficile massively activates a human enzyme called plasminogen to destroy gut tissue and spread infection. Researchers developed an antibody that prevents plasminogen activation, stalling infection progress and tissue damage.