A straightforward fabrication method has been introduced by researchers from Osaka University to improve the gas sensing performance of common ceramic coatings. The new method involves depositing a thin, porous titanium dioxide film onto a surface using spin coating, resulting in a significant increase in detection speed and accuracy.
A new study finds that preliminary criterion scores do not mitigate racial disparities in NIH grant awards, with black investigators receiving worse scores on all five criteria. The study reveals substantial funding gaps between black and white applicants, with black PIs award probability only 55% of their white counterparts.
Researchers at Aalto University have created an armour-plated superhydrophobic surface that can withstand sharp and blunt objects while maintaining its world-record effectiveness in repelling liquids. The surface features a honeycomb-like structure of tiny inverted pyramids, protecting the fragile chemical coating from damage.
A recent study found that N-BPs like alendronate are associated with a 24% lower risk of pneumonia and 35% lower risk of pneumonia mortality compared to no treatment. The results suggest that N-BP treatment may also protect against pneumonia, warranting further investigation into its potential for treating COVID-19 symptoms.
Researchers at the Technical University of Denmark have developed a new design for bridge girders that uses topology optimization to minimize steel use while maintaining strength. The design could lead to weight reductions of up to 28% and corresponding CO2 emissions savings of up to 20%.
The study found that total and non-HDL cholesterol levels are falling sharply in high-income countries, particularly those in North-western Europe, North America, and Australasia, while rising in low- and middle-income nations, especially in East and Southeast Asia. This shift has significant implications for global cardiovascular health.
Scientists at DGIST propose novel host structure called 'platelet ordered mesoporous silica' to trap lithium polysulfides and improve battery stability. The silica structure retains more sulfur, resulting in greater capacity retention and stability over 2000 cycles.
A genetic analysis of brook trout in Loyalsock Creek drainage reveals that fish are moving between tributaries, using the mainstem as a seasonal corridor. This finding contradicts previous research and suggests that conservation efforts should focus on larger streams and rivers to protect critical movement corridors.
A new study has found no link between recent cannabis use and an increased or decreased risk of ischemic stroke. Despite previous studies with conflicting results, researchers adjusted for various factors and found no association between marijuana use and stroke risk.
Researchers developed a new precision spray-coating method to create multilayer perovskite solar cells with better performance and stability. The technique allows for customizable device designs, enabling specific performance and stability requirements.
A team of European researchers used Hubble Space Telescope to study the early Universe, finding no evidence of Population III stars. The discovery suggests that galaxies must have formed much earlier than previously thought, supporting the idea that low-mass galaxies are responsible for reionisation.
A Princeton team has discovered a compound, SCH-79797, that can target both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria without inducing resistance. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new, effective antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant superbugs like MRSA and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Scientists at CNIC discover a system providing cells with positional information about their location in developing organs. The study shows that malfunctioning of this system causes congenital malformations and may explain the effects of thalidomide, a drug inducing limb defects.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that antiepileptic drug use is associated with a significantly higher risk of death among people with Alzheimer's disease. The increased mortality risk was observed even after controlling for comorbidities and other factors.
Researchers found that RSV manipulates two gene receptors in cells to gain entry and infect. The discovery sheds light on how the common respiratory syncytial virus breaks into cells, a key step in infection. Current treatment options are limited, but blocking the interaction of the virus with the receptor may prevent infection.
Researchers at Penn State created a brief animated video to educate people about the risks of antibiotics, finding it effective in convincing participants that antibiotic use can be risky. The study suggests that a video intervention could help increase public awareness and promote antibiotic stewardship.
Tropical Storm Cristobal generated large amounts of rainfall over Mexico's Yucatan and Central America. NASA analyzed cloud top temperatures using satellite data to assess the storm's strength.
Researchers found only 34% of mothers exclusively breastfed to six months due to milk shortages or breastfeeding difficulties. Mothers may need to supplement or stop if they experience problems.
Research found that patients with ARDS experience financial toxicity, leading to physical and emotional consequences. Long hospitalizations result in large medical bills, affecting patients' ability to recover and return to work.
Researchers found that double-sided solar panels combined with single-axis tracking technology are the most cost-effective solution, producing almost 35% more energy than traditional systems. This combination reduces electricity costs by an average of 16%.
A new study maps the world's terrestrial vertebrates and finds that human activity is impacting areas with large concentrations of evolutionarily distinct species. Regions like the Caribbean, Western Ghats of India, and Southeast Asia face unprecedented levels of devastation.
Available data indicate heavy metal levels in some Alaskan soils often exceed average US levels, with critical gaps in monitoring due to limited publicly available data. The study highlights the need for further sampling near human populations and in permafrost-heavy regions to clarify exposure risks.
A COVID-19 patient care approach has been developed to help hospitals safely care for patients, featuring dedicated units with risk zones and buddy systems for healthcare professionals. Key findings include adopting patient-centred practices, fostering a culture of safety, and standardizing procedures.
Research reveals that rivers play a crucial role in transporting burned carbon from wildfires and managed burning to oceans, where it can be stored for tens of millennia. The study estimates that 18 million tonnes of dissolved burned carbon are transported annually by rivers.
A new study by UC Santa Barbara researcher Douglas J. Kennett and collaborators found that maize had become a staple grain in the Americas 4,700 years ago, exceeding what is considered a staple grain. By 4,000 years ago, maize was persistently used as a staple, continuing through the Classic Maya period until today.
A study published in Oncotarget found that physical activity can modulate miRNAs involved in breast cancer progression, leading to reduced cancer cell viability. The researchers identified two specific miRNAs, miR-206 and anti-miR-30c, which showed promising results as non-invasive biomarkers for breast cancer prevention.
Tropical Cyclone Nisarga strengthened significantly before making landfall in west central India, according to NASA infrared data. The storm intensified from 40 knots to hurricane strength within 12 hours, with cloud top temperatures reaching as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit.
Researchers found that the loss of UBE2K enzyme silences key genes for neuronal differentiation, leading to impaired development of nerve cells. The study provides a potential link between epigenetic regulation and neurodevelopmental diseases.
Researchers develop nanoparticle-sized semiconductor laser generating coherent green light at room temperature, overcoming a significant technological hurdle. The tiny laser operates efficiently without external pressure or low temperatures.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara developed a new approach to design LEDs that can extract and direct photons with high efficiency. By using metasurface concepts, they were able to confine electrons and holes in gallium nitride nanorods, allowing more light to escape the semiconductor structure.
A new study by the American Cancer Society finds that racial disparities in cancer mortality result in significant economic losses, with $3.2 billion in lost earnings avoided in 2015 if non-Hispanic black cancer deaths and earning rates had been equal to those of non-Hispanic white cancer patients. The study highlights the importance o...
A new study found that age does not necessarily disqualify older patients from breast cancer surgery, but serious adverse events are rare. Surgery can have a negative impact on quality of life and functional independence in older patients.
Researchers from ETH Zurich have deconstructed the complex mechanisms that control tissue repair and scar formation, focusing on a signal molecule called activin. The study reveals how activin affects cell interactions and extracellular matrix composition, promoting wound healing but also causing scarring.
A new survey found a more-than-threefold increase in U.S. adults reporting symptoms of psychological distress from 3.9% in 2018 to 13.6% in April 2020. Young adults, adults in low-income households, and Hispanics expressed the highest psychological distress.
Researchers from Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences designed a metasurface that can continuously tune from linear to elliptical birefringence, opening up the entire space of polarization control with just one device.
Researchers used a new genetic engineering technique, known as base editing, to repair a single mutation in the Tmc1 gene, restoring partial hearing in mice. The technique has potential for treating other genetic forms of hearing loss and diseases.
Researchers advocate for heterogenization, deliberately including biological variation in study design to balance conditions and improve generalizability. This approach aims to maximize knowledge gain per animal and experiment while reducing the number of animals needed.
A recent study using radiocarbon dating and microarchaeology has pinpointed the construction dates of Wilson's Arch on Jerusalem's Temple Mount to between 20 BC and 60 AD during Herod the Great's reign. This new timeline resolves a long-standing debate about the entrance to the holiest site in Jerusalem.
A Penn State research team examined the effects of differential privacy on mortality rates in 2010, revealing dramatic changes in population counts for racial and ethnic minorities. The findings highlight concerns about data accuracy, funding allocations, and understated health risks in some areas.
Researchers at PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence and Helmholtz Institute Mainz propose a realistic path to demonstrating parity violation in molecules. They develop a special NMR measurement variable and carry out complex theoretical analyses to calculate the expected effect within the molecule.
Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have developed a new sustainable method to extract vanillin from lignin, reducing toxic waste and increasing commercial viability. The process uses electrolytic depolymerization in caustic soda, producing high-quality vanillin with a yield of around four percent.
A new study published in Geology has discovered two newly identified super-eruptions associated with the Yellowstone hotspot, indicating a possible decline in its intensity. The Grey's Landing super-eruption is now the largest recorded event of the entire Snake-River-Yellowstone volcanic province.
Researchers have developed a conceptual model to identify and classify springs with potential to be refuges for plants and animals in drying climates. The study highlights the need for conservation efforts to protect these ecosystems from climate change.
A team of Indian scientists has detected a broad-energy X-ray pulsation in the new source, classifying it as an ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar (ULXP). The object is thought to be a neutron star with a rotation period of up to 100 times per second.
The newly discovered Aguada Fénix site in Mexico's Tabasco state is the largest and oldest known Mayan monument, constructed between 1,000 to 800 B.C. The site suggests that the Maya civilization developed more rapidly than previously thought and had less social inequality than later periods.
Researchers from Skoltech studied a 20-meter wide and 20-meter deep crater in the Yamal Peninsula that formed after an explosive release of gas, mostly methane, from the permafrost. They found that the strongly negative δ13C ratio of methane pointed to a biogenic source, while other ratios suggested a deeper thermogenic source.
A new lab-grown human skin cell model has been developed at Stanford University, allowing researchers to study hair growth and development in greater detail. This breakthrough could potentially provide insights into reversing hair loss and developing new treatments.
A study published in Environment International found that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon increases the risk of vascular damage in people living in India. The research, which analyzed data from over 3,000 individuals, showed a non-linear association between PM2.5 exposure and vascular injury.
Researchers at JCESR are working on enhancing ion conductivity in solid-state electrolytes using the paddlewheel effect. This can lead to faster and more stable battery performance, eliminating thermal runaway reactions that cause fires.
New research at the 'Joe's Garden' site in Papua New Guinea reveals insights into past subsistence patterns, including the consumption of starchy plants like tree nuts and tubers. The findings confirm the long-term survival of these microfossils in an equatorial context.
Researchers are investigating the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to treat COVID-19 patients experiencing respiratory failure. Preliminary data show promise in preventing mechanical ventilation and improving outcomes for critically ill patients.
A study published in Oncotarget found that T-DM1 significantly improves response rates and median progression-free survival in patients with HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer. This suggests a preferred second-line choice for T-DM1 over trastuzumab emtansine.
Researchers have made significant advancements in graphene spintronics, enabling the efficient creation, transport, and detection of spin information. This field holds promise for applications in quantum computation, space communication, and high-speed radio links.
Researchers successfully tagged telomerase with fluorescent molecules, revealing its two-step binding mode to chromosomes. The study also shows how telomerase mutation promotes tumorigenesis, offering a new target for therapeutic strategies.
Research found that increased ICU nurse workload and understaffing are associated with a higher likelihood of multiple organ failure in patients. The study's findings emphasize the need for adequate staffing levels in intensive care units based on patient needs.
A study of over 160,000 participants in 27 countries found that women have a more favorable risk pattern for cardiovascular disease. Women had lower blood pressure and healthier blood fat levels, and were less likely to smoke, which contributed to their lower risk of heart disease.
Researchers developed a new computational tool to predict spin dynamics in materials, enabling rapid design and identification of suitable materials for quantum computing applications. The approach has been applied to various materials, including silicon, iron, graphene, molybdenum disulfide, and gallium nitride, with promising results.
A study found that children who used rhythmic gestures while narrating improved their oral narrative skills in terms of structure and fluency. The research suggests that body movements play a crucial role in language development, and multimodal training can enhance oral storytelling abilities.
Researchers have developed a therapy using engineered T cells to target and treat type 1 diabetes by restoring balance in the pancreas. The treatment involves genetically engineering a patient's own T cells to function like normal regulatory T cells, which then help suppress the overactive immune response.
Researchers have discovered that the symbiotic relationship between plants and rhizobia is more complex than previously thought, with plants actively trying to exploit the bacteria for nitrogen fixation. The study sheds light on how soya and clover harness bacterial nitrogen fixation, a process that could be applied to other crops.
The discovery of well-preserved ancient skeletons in Belize has provided new insights into the introduction of maize as a key part of people's diets in Central America. The study shows that maize became a major food source around 4,700 years ago, with its consumption increasing over time and eventually becoming a staple crop.
Research from Anglia Ruskin University's Vision and Eye Research Institute found that people with severe vision loss can less accurately judge the distance of nearby sounds. This impairment may put them at risk of injury in real-life situations.
Scientists have revealed the first known atomic structure of a molecular machine responsible for installing critical signaling proteins into cellular membranes. The study provides new insights into how membrane proteins become established in membranes and how they change from their unstructured form to their functional form.
A new study suggests that video visits may become a permanent feature of the patient-provider landscape due to the coronavirus pandemic. The study found that patients with eating disorders required significant workarounds to provide regular monitoring of weight and vital signs.
A phase III trial showed rituximab significantly improves the three-year survival rate for pediatric patients with advanced B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, decreasing treatment failures by 70 percent.
New research reveals ancient human skeletons show transition from pre-maize hunter-gatherer diets to increasing reliance on corn. Maize made up less than 30% of people's diets by 4,700 years ago, rising to 70% 700 years later.
A new study has provided precise tests of dark energy and cosmic expansion by analyzing the distribution of galaxies in the Universe. The research uses a combination of cosmic voids and baryon acoustic oscillations, yielding more accurate results than previous methods.
The SWOG Cancer Research Network is sparking discussion and creating consensus on how cancer clinical trial stakeholders can best interact on social platforms. The growing role of social media in raising awareness about trials and boosting accrual highlights both promises and challenges, including legal, ethical, and logistical hurdles.
Researchers at University of Freiburg developed a novel, stable oxidizing agent that overcomes common disadvantages of existing oxidants. The new reagent allows for the synthesis of reactive species in standard laboratory solvents and has broad applicability in inorganic, organic chemistry, electrochemical research.
Changes in land use, such as deforestation and urbanization, alter animal behavior, leading to increased disease emergence in humans. Research highlights the need for further studies on disease spread and its link to animal ecology, pathogen ecology, and land-use change.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that social status, not body size, determines reproductive success for female mountain gorillas. High-ranking females produce offspring more frequently due to preferential access to males. Dominance rank is linked to reproductive benefits, even with abundant food supply.
Researchers at Harvard have developed HAMR-JR, a half-scale cockroach-inspired microrobot that can run, jump, carry heavy payloads, and turn on a dime. The tiny robot, about the size of a penny, boasts unprecedented dexterity and speed, defying conventional design limitations.
A review of 56 randomized clinical trials found that cognitive behavior therapy is superior to other psychotherapies in reducing inflammation and boosting the immune system. CBT was most effective in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are associated with chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers have identified key changes in a molecular pathway that plays critical roles in human development, blood pressure regulation, inflammation, and cell death. The findings provide a blueprint for drug development and shed light on how common medications interact with the target.
Scientists investigated how dynamic magnetic properties of individual molecular magnets change with orientation in a magnetic field. They found strong anisotropy, which is crucial for building functional quantum computer components.
To minimize risks, interventional radiologists propose a tiered approach for delaying cross-sectional procedures during the pandemic. Procedures should be categorized into urgent, within 2 weeks, or delayed for 2-6 months based on clinical circumstances.
A new modelling study suggests that a cautious approach to easing lockdown restrictions can be better for the global economy in the long run. The study found that shorter, stricter lockdowns minimize supply chain impacts, while gradually easing measures over 12 months may also be less disruptive.
A recent study published by Princeton University researchers reveals that the 'healthy immigrant' effect experienced by foreign-born black women is lost within a single generation due to discrimination and inequality. In contrast, foreign-born Hispanic women maintain a modest advantage in birthweight across generations.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that PFAS exposure may cause menopause to occur two years earlier in women. High levels of PFAS were associated with an increased risk of early menopause, which could have significant impacts on cardiovascular and bone health.
A national survey of recent college graduates with and without disabilities reveals that 90% of each group are employed after graduation. Engaging in internships, paid employment, and career counseling services correlates positively with working after graduation for all graduates.
A new study suggests that the ocean's ability to absorb carbon dioxide will slow down as global emissions decrease, due to the slowed growth rate of atmospheric CO2. This could lead to a decrease in ocean carbon uptake and an increase in atmospheric CO2, contributing to additional warming.
A study of nearly 3 million California births found that living near active oil and gas wells may increase the risk of low birth weight babies, with rural residents being more affected. The study also found a slightly increased risk of small for gestational age babies in urban areas.
Scientists at University of Warsaw and ETH Zurich have synthesized active microparticles that self-propel in a fluid and reverse their direction based on wavelength. This breakthrough enables exploration of synthetic microswimmers with potential applications in diagnostics and medicine.
Researchers have identified over 2,000 large protostars using AI analysis of Gaia space telescope data. These young stars are believed to hold secrets about the origin of massive stars and galaxy formation.
A study published in the International Journal of Cancer found that outdoor light at night was associated with a 10% higher risk of developing breast cancer. The research analyzed satellite data on residential outdoor light exposure and followed 186,981 postmenopausal women for 16 years.
Researchers found that functional MRI measurements are highly suspect for predicting individual brain patterns, leading them to shift focus to brain structure measures instead. The study's findings have significant implications for the field of fMRI research, highlighting the need for more reliable methods.
Researchers disagree on whether reducing saturated fat intake can lower rates of heart disease, with some arguing that the evidence is inconclusive and others citing a strong link between saturated fats and increased LDL cholesterol levels. Experts caution against replacing foods high in saturated fat with added sugars and refined carb...
A comprehensive study examined how various motivations to be generous interact with one another. Researchers found that people overwhelmingly chose to be generous to others, regardless of motivation, and that all four established motivators work together in the real world.
Researchers identified a type of cell fusion between cancer cells and white blood cells called tumor-macrophage fusion (TMF), where the size and number of TMFs may predict disease-free survival. Larger TMFs were linked to shorter disease-free survival rates.
A new mobile app assesses risk factors and key biomarkers from blood tests to produce a COVID-19 severity score. The tool has been validated using data from over 1,000 New York City patients, confirming its ability to identify those at high risk for severe cases.
A recent study found that Australian bad cholesterol levels have decreased significantly over the past few decades. In contrast, countries in Asia and the Pacific region have seen a sharp increase in non-HDL 'bad' cholesterol levels, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes.
Barroso's designs paired inexpensive hardware with powerful distributed systems software to dramatically change system design. His work led to the development of hyperscale datacenters and has had a significant impact on industry, resulting in reduced hardware and operating costs.
A new survey found that 80% of U.S. adults will prioritize self-care after the pandemic, while nearly half report struggling to maintain their physical and mental health. The study highlights the need for a robust healthcare system to promote healthy habits and support self-care.
Researchers discover distinct effects of different tumor types on mouse immune system and human breast cancer patients, suggesting potential applications for cancer immunotherapy. Tumors cause widespread disruption of immune system, evolving over time, which can impact treatment efficacy.
Research at Kobe University reveals that metformin causes blood sugar to be excreted in the stool, promoting its removal from the intestine. This discovery contributes to understanding the mechanism of metformin's biological effects and may lead to the development of new drugs for diabetes.
A national survey of 4,149 adults found that the COVID-19 pandemic is impacting people's mental health, with most reporting increased stress, anxiety, and depression. The survey also revealed that essential workers are facing worse mental and physical health problems, while romantic relationships are experiencing mixed effects.
A case series examines COVID-19's epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features in hospitalized pediatric patients. Key findings include the impact of age, comorbidities, and disease severity on patient outcomes.
A new technology has been developed to rapidly create homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that target specific sites on cancer cells. The USC team's approach offers improved efficiency and potential enhanced stability, effectiveness, and safety compared to current methods.
Scientists found that building blocks of DNA and RNA can spontaneously form and co-exist in early Earth conditions, challenging the 'RNA world' theory. The research discovered four building blocks for DNA and RNA that can arise from the same reagents and conditions.
The study analyzed 600 COVID-19 cases in patients with rheumatic diseases and found no association between immunosuppressant intake and hospitalization. Treatment with high doses of prednisone was associated with a higher risk of hospitalization, while TNF-alpha inhibitors showed reduced hospitalization rates.
A study of 524 adults aged 65+ found that openness was linked to a 6% reduced risk of motoric cognitive risk (MCR), while neuroticism increased the risk of non-amnestic MCI. Personality traits played an independent role in pre-dementia syndromes, emphasizing their importance in dementia risk assessment.
New research suggests black holes could be like holograms, with information concentrated in a two-dimensional surface. This idea aligns with Einstein's theory of relativity and has significant implications for understanding these cosmic bodies.
Harvard University researchers successfully used base editing to correct a recessive genetic mutation causing complete deafness in mice. The treatment restored partially functional hearing, and the scientists hope to apply this technique to humans with similar conditions.
A global survey by the European Society of Cardiology found that heart attack patients are avoiding hospitals due to fear of COVID-19, resulting in a 50% drop in urgent hospital care. Most respondents reported delays in treatment, with 48% arriving late and beyond optimal window for life-saving intervention.
Children with severe hemophilia A who receive early prophylaxis are less likely to have joint damage in young adulthood than those who begin treatment later. However, prophylaxis does not fully prevent joint damage.
A study led by Dr. Dharam Kaushik found that the Nox4 protein is associated with high-grade kidney cancer progression and poor survival rates in patients. The research also identified a subgroup of patients who progress rapidly, making them ideal candidates for future targeted therapy studies.
Researchers at KAIST developed a novel approach to modulate local CO2 concentration in gas-diffusion electrode-based flow electrolyzers. This method improves the selectivity, conversion rate, and electrode stability, promoting C-C coupling reactions for multi-carbon molecule production.
A new laser-based system provides 3D models of diaphanous marine animals and their mucus structures, allowing researchers to understand how they function and what roles they play in the ocean. The study focused on larvaceans, which create complex mucus filters that remove vast amounts of carbon-rich food from the surrounding water.
KinaRx LLC, a Purdue University-affiliated startup, has received a $2 million SBIR grant to develop novel kinase inhibitors for treating relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other diseases. The company's platform aims to rapidly create complex drug molecules using bioinformatics and multi-component compound synthesis.
A risk-tailored approach can guide Canada's COVID-19 response by accounting for population-level risks. This approach would require granular data and address social and health inequities.
Researchers at the University of Strathclyde have developed new methods for detecting fingermarks on Scottish banks' new polymer notes, which are not effective with traditional cotton banknote techniques. The most effective process involves superglue fuming and infrared light.
A new immunotherapeutic agent has been shown to significantly improve treatment outcomes for children and adolescents with advanced non-Hodgkin lymphoma, particularly Burkitt lymphoma. The agent, rituximab, in combination with chemotherapy, has a cure rate of over 95% and reduces the risk of disease progression by up to 70%.
Scientists at UTokyo-IIS developed a machine learning algorithm to infer excited states from ground states of materials. The algorithm used artificial neural networks to analyze data from core-electron absorption spectroscopy, revealing new insights into chemical reactivity and material function.
A new partnering agreement will finance a multi-centre Phase 2/3 adaptive clinical trial in Colombia, Panama, and Thailand to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the BBV87 vaccine candidate. The investment aims to accelerate the development of an effective Chikungunya vaccine for equitable access.
Defective ACLP protein causes cellular stress and induces fibrosis in multiple organs, including lungs, livers, and adipose tissues. The study identifies a novel variant of EDS-causing mutations and reveals the protein's role in maintaining connective tissue integrity.
A wearable biosensor, VitalScout, accurately monitors heart rate and respiration rate to calculate stress levels. The sensor's metrics correlate strongly with breathing analyses, offering a useful tool for healthcare professionals to manage stress.
Researchers at University of Illinois and Colorado State University developed a new 3D imaging technique called harmonic optical tomography, which uses holographic information to generate microscopic images of tissues. The technique has potential applications in medical diagnostics, finding cracks in oil wells and airplane wings.
A study found that an inflammatory syndrome linked to COVID-19 is more common among children of African ancestry, with notable gastrointestinal symptoms and heart inflammation. The researchers urge doctors to be vigilant, particularly in countries with a high proportion of African children.
Astronomers have measured the Fermi Bubbles, two enormous outflows of high-energy gas emanating from the Milky Way, using the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper telescope. The findings refine our understanding of these mysterious blobs and provide new opportunities to study the galaxy's central region.
The review found that low-dose aspirin significantly lowers cardiovascular disease risk by 17% and increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and intracranial bleeding. The benefits should be weighted against the risks in formal decision analyses to guide aspirin use.
A new analysis predicts a sharp rise in alcohol-related liver disease in the US, with over 1 million deaths projected by 2040. Reducing high-risk drinking rates could prevent 299,000 deaths compared to the status quo scenario.
Researchers at Cornell University have identified a protein called TiPARP that acts as a terminator for several cancer-causing transcription factors, including HIF-1. This discovery establishes TiPARP as a potential tumor suppressor and offers new insights into the mechanisms of cancer growth.
Researchers from Monash University and CSIRO have developed a magnetized Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) nanocomposite that captures carbon dioxide with remarkable speed and low energy cost. This technology is 45% more efficient than commercially deployed materials, making it a promising solution for emissions reduction and renewable e...
Researchers found that water rises up to 9 inches in the capillary fringe, controlling important functions like contaminant breakdown and carbon storage. The team also discovered that microbes behave differently depending on oxygen levels, requiring ideal conditions for decomposition.
Researchers are developing deep learning methods to dramatically reduce design computation time for complex energy systems. The project aims to execute design studies at near-interactive speeds, improving aerodynamic performance and efficiency in aircraft wings and other applications.
An international team of researchers has discovered that ancient carbon stored beneath thick continental crust is released as CO2 during break-up. The study, published in Nature, sheds light on the source of high CO2 fluxes in rift zones.
Researchers found that mixtures of H2, HD, and D2 behaved as an isotopic molecular alloy and exhibited symmetry-breaking phase transitions at higher pressures than expected. The discovery was attributed to quantum trapping of high-kinetic energy states by exchange interaction.
A University of Cincinnati cardiologist is conducting an observational study to understand why some patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have better outcomes than others. The researcher aims to identify biomarkers that predict short- and long-term clinical outcomes and find ways to reduce bleeding risks.
Researchers at Shinshu University developed a new photocatalyst design that enables efficient solar hydrogen production, with the ability to achieve near-perfect quantum efficiency. This breakthrough has significant implications for scalable and economically viable hydrogen production.
Researchers have developed synthetic red blood cells that exhibit all the properties of natural ones, including flexibility and oxygen transport. These artificial cells can carry therapeutic cargoes, such as anticancer drugs or toxin sensors, and demonstrate potential in medical applications like cancer therapy and toxin biosensing.
Researchers discovered that memory recall processes in older adults resemble those in younger populations, but for those who struggle to remember, brain activity patterns are diminished. Stronger hippocampal activity and replay in the cortex were linked to better memory performance, regardless of age.
Researchers find air pollution can alter social behaviors in mice, causing inflammation that damages healthy tissues. Chronic exposure to particulate matter is also associated with boosted production of amyloid plaques, a key feature of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found asymptomatic persons account for approximately 40-45% of SARS-CoV-2 infections, emphasizing the need for symptomless testing. The pandemic has highlighted a shortage of infectious disease (ID) experts in the US, with nearly two-thirds of Americans living in counties with below-average ID physician access.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science improve light-driven water-splitting to produce hydrogen by etching the reaction catalyst with plasma jets in solution. This technique enhances the properties of BiVO4 nanocrystals, resulting in better catalytic performance and improved water splitting.
A monoclonal antibody targeting mutant huntingtin protein effectively binds and depletes the protein from cell culture supernatants, blocking its secretion and uptake. This suggests that mAB C6-17 could interfere with pathological processes of mutant huntingtin spreading in vivo.
The new app, called neureka, uses brain games and self-reflection challenges to collect data on mental health and dementia research. It aims to identify modifiable risk factors for disorders of the mind and capture complex datasets to develop individualized understanding of brain health.
Research suggests that COVID-19 lockdowns have a detrimental impact on the diet, sleep, and physical activity habits of children with obesity. Compared to pre-pandemic behaviors, these children consumed more junk food, watched more TV, and slept an extra half hour per day.
A randomized clinical trial found that hydroxychloroquine had no effect on preventing COVID-19 in healthy individuals after exposure. The trial tested 821 participants and showed a slight increase in infection rates among those taking the medication.
Researchers at Lund University have identified CXCR4 as essential for the survival of leukemia stem cells, which can be controlled by cutting off the gene using CRISPR technology. This discovery reveals a fundamental difference in how leukemia stem cells and normal blood stem cells are regulated.
Research found that emotional eaters experience a stronger appetite response when experiencing negative emotions, while restrictive eaters show no significant change. The study suggests potential strategies for treating eating disorders by focusing on emotion regulation.
Researchers found a link between gram-negative bacteria and cerebral cavernous malformations, which can cause hemorrhagic strokes, seizures, or headaches. The study showed that gut bacteria from CA patients produced more lipopolysaccharide molecules, driving CA formation in mice.
New research evaluates how US wind plant performance changes with age, finding that older plants experience relatively low levels of decline in peak performance compared to European fleets. Fungi food choices study reveals enzymes used for breaking down plant cell walls can be mass-produced and used in industrial processes.
A team of experts has conducted a review study on the impact of land-use changes, such as deforestation and urbanization, on the behavior of animals and the risk of disease transmission to humans. The study reveals that there are significant gaps in understanding how these factors affect the spread of diseases from mammals to humans.
Researchers at Texas A&M University designed a microdevice that mimics tortuous blood vessels to detect and monitor blood clots in pediatric patients. The device, developed by Dr. Abhishek Jain's team, provides quick, reliable, and low-cost results within 10-15 minutes.
Researchers found high gene flow among herds with shared translocation sources, and distinct population clusters aligning with current management units. Despite historical losses and translocations, bighorn sheep maintained a unique genetic structure in Wyoming.
A case series describes immunologic features of mild and moderate COVID-19 in pediatric patients, highlighting distinct clinical characteristics. The study found that hospitalized children with COVID-19 exhibit unique immune responses, which may inform treatment strategies.
A recent study by the University of Texas at Austin found that patients with chronic disease who used patient portals were less likely to be hospitalized, need emergency care or be readmitted. These users also had shorter hospital stays, resulting in significant cost savings for hospitals.