Researchers found plants manipulate nematode pheromones to repel these pests, which cause more than $100 million in damage to crops every year. Plants metabolize ascarosides and secrete the metabolites back into the soil, broadcasting propaganda that 'this is a bad place'.
Researchers study how gut infections damage the nervous system, leading to chronic inflammation and conditions like IBS. They find that specific genes contribute to cell death and propose potential treatments by boosting polyamine production or restoring gut microbial communities.
A class of antibiotics called aminoglycosides has been found to be effective in treating frontotemporal dementia by fixing a genetic mutation that prevents the production of progranulin protein. Researchers discovered two specific antibiotics, Gentamicin and G418, which were able to recover up to 50-60% of progranulin protein levels.
Scientists from Arizona State University led a broadest study to date assessing how Bornean elephants utilize different landscapes in Sabah. They found that elephants actively avoided urbanized areas, preferring to travel along ridgelines, and that they required less space than previously thought.
Researchers at UC San Diego have discovered a bacterial immune system that works by abortive infection, where the infected cell self-destructs. This new system could be employed to improve treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections through phage therapy.
Researchers developed a smart photonic contact lens that measures glucose concentration in conjunctival blood vessels, enabling diabetic diagnosis. The device also shows promise for treating diabetic retinopathy by reducing angiogenesis and verifying clinical feasibility.
Researchers developed NicheNet, a method to analyze intercellular communication, using machine learning and statistical techniques. The tool helps gain insight into how gene expression is regulated by interacting cells, with potential applications in immunology and tumor biology.
Yale researchers identify O-GlcNAc transferase enzyme as key regulator of fat droplet doorman, which controls cellular access for nutrients and lipids. Mice lacking the enzyme exhibit reduced fat cell size and improved lipid burning, while overexpression triggers obesity by increasing carbohydrate intake.
A study of six European countries' water governance systems from 1750 to 2006 found that the introduction of new regulations can lead to conflicts, inefficiencies, and a decrease in system coherence. The researchers argue that less regulation may be more effective in achieving positive environmental impacts.
A Northwestern University team discovered how chromatin folds at the single-cell level, revealing a 3D forest structure. This finding could help scientists understand chromatin's role in cancer and other diseases.
Researchers analyzed skulls to uncover relationships between people groups, upending longstanding hypotheses about the Caribbean's colonization. The study reveals the presence of Caribs in Jamaica, Hispaniola, and the Bahamas, supporting Columbus' accounts of fierce raiders.
Experts propose a clear definition of hikikomori to improve treatment worldwide. The new criteria emphasize the importance of addressing social withdrawal as a health issue, despite modern tools providing alternatives to in-person interaction.
A team of scientists has successfully measured the electron capture rate in intermediate-mass stars, revealing that they are more likely to undergo a thermonuclear explosion than collapse. This finding has significant implications for galactic chemical evolution and the discovery of iron-60 in deep-sea sediments.
Researchers analyzed 20 years of research on intention deactivation and found that completed intentions can sometimes continue to affect people, particularly when reminders or stimuli trigger their retrieval. This effect is often rare but can play a role in learning new routines.
A research group at FAU is investigating the causes and consequences of manufacturing deviations, focusing on gear wheels and other complex machines. The project aims to develop methods and tools for reliable tolerance management, improving product function and lifespan.
Researchers have successfully created optical supramolecules using tightly bound optical solitons in lasers, mimicking natural molecular systems. This breakthrough enables the storage and manipulation of encoded information within these complex arrays.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham propose a groundbreaking design approach for additive manufacturing inspired by human growth and development. By leveraging insights into developmental biology, they unlock new potential for the creation of innovative materials and products.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered a way to make four-satellite constellations possible, enabling advances in telecommunication, navigation, and remote sensing. The new design harnesses energy from gravitational and solar radiation forces, reducing propellant needs and extending lifespan.
A new study found that closing nuclear plants in Germany resulted in substantial increases in global and local air pollution, with an estimated annual social cost of $12 billion. The shift to fossil fuel-fired power also led to increased mortality rates associated with air pollution.
Researchers create light-powered nanoparticle that shrinks the carbon footprint of syngas production, a valuable chemical feedstock used to make fuels, fertilizer, and other products. The low-energy, low-temperature process produces a mix of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.
A new open-source software framework simulates genetic diversity in tumour samples and evaluates the accuracy of computer prediction algorithms. The tool provides a benchmarking approach for clinicians to make informed decisions about treatment options, helping them match patients with personalized medicines more effectively.
A study at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that patients who received Mohs surgery for melanoma reported a 95% long-term satisfaction rate with their results. The highly precise excision technique resulted in minimal scarring and a nearly 99% cure rate for early melanoma.
Researchers analyzed genome-wide genetic data from Japanese pearl oysters to understand their population structure and adaptability. They found that sea surface temperature and oxygen concentration strongly correlated with genetic variation, leading to the discovery of distinct northern and southern populations. The study provides insi...
Leatherback turtle eggs laid in Bocas del Toro nesting beaches contain high concentrations of trace metals, posing a health risk to local communities. The ingestion of these eggs could lead to increased lifetime carcinogenic risk for adults and children.
Researchers have discovered that blocking the iRhom2 protein increases energy consumption in fat depots, protecting against fat accumulation and inflammation. The study found no deleterious side effects, suggesting iRhom2 blocking may be a promising treatment for obesity.
A German study finds that social appreciation and disrespect in daily life significantly vary based on socio-economic factors. Individuals with higher incomes and education levels tend to feel more recognized and respected, whereas the unemployed are at a greater risk of experiencing less recognition and respect.
The nTIDE report reveals minimal job gains for people with disabilities in December 2019, with a slight increase in the employment-to-population ratio. The labor force participation rate remains unchanged, and experts hope to see a return to positive trends in employment for people with disabilities.
Dusan Odstrcil and his team are developing a high-quality heliospheric model using Python to accelerate visualization and increase output availability. ENLIL--a time-dependent MHD model--is the only code that can simulate coronal mass ejections up to Jupiter or Saturn orbit.
Corning is showcasing its advanced 3D cell culture portfolio, including Corning Elplasia plates and Matrigel matrix. The company will demonstrate how these tools address advancements in 3D cell culture and cell therapy research for drug screening, cancer biology, stem cell biology, and immunology applications.
A 20-year study found that long-term antipsychotic treatment significantly reduced mortality in people with schizophrenia compared to those without medication. The study also showed no increased risk of hospitalization for cardiovascular disease among those receiving antipsychotic therapy.
Researchers at ETH Zurich develop a new form of 18-carat gold that weighs about five to ten times less than traditional gold, with a density of just 1.7 g/cm3. The lightweight gold is created by embedding thin discs of gold nanocrystals in a matrix of protein fibres and polymer latex.
Researchers identify Protease Activated Receptor 1 (PAR1) as a molecular switch that promotes myelin regeneration, potentially improving function in neurological disorders. The study's findings suggest new strategies for treating diseases of the central nervous system.
Boston researchers developed a novel approach to generate intestinal organoids in vitro using human induced pluripotent stem cells. The protocol allows for the creation of three-dimensional groups of intestinal cells, enabling disease treatment testing and uncovering novel therapies.
Researchers are using NASA's iSHELL spectrometer to measure masses of planets in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) discovery list, including super-Earths with Earth-like properties. The study aims to confirm and refine mass estimates for these exoplanets, advancing our understanding of their potential habitability.
The European Research Council has awarded 76 researchers with €150,000 Proof of Concept grants to explore the commercial potential of their frontier research. This funding will support projects in various fields, including medicine and education.
Researchers identified three main themes that shape people's experience of living with loneliness, including individual differences, social isolation, and lack of meaningful activities. The study suggests that effective interventions can be developed by understanding the underlying causes of loneliness in senior housing communities.
A new study reveals that the unique shape of hummingbird melanosomes and air bubbles within their feathers produce shimmering rainbow colors. This discovery opens up a greater understanding of how hummingbirds develop their vibrant plumage, with findings that could also shed light on color patterns in other birds.
Researchers discovered that Cdkn1c loss leads to cell death and smaller brains when targeted at the single-cell level. In contrast, whole animal studies revealed no effect on brain size, suggesting a new growth-promoting role of Cdkn1c.
A recent study published in Addiction found that eight percent of Chinese men are problem drinkers, with higher rates among men from lower socio-economic status and rural areas. Problem drinking is associated with increased risk of physical and mental health problems, as well as premature death.
The study found that cerebrospinal fluid from LMM patients contains proteins critical to melanoma cell survival and growth, including TGF-β1. The researchers hope their data will provide insights into potential therapeutic targets for delayed disease progression.
A new study found that prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers, a type of flame retardant, may increase the risk of reading problems in children. The study suggests that these chemicals can alter brain processes involved in reading, leading to a less efficient reading network.
Thermolysis helps rid petroleum of viscous components by analyzing composition and mechanisms of catalytic activity during in-situ refining of heavy oils. The technique aims to improve efficiency and selectiveness in reactions with destruction of asphalt-resin compounds, reducing oil viscosity.
Researchers at the University of Sussex have found a way to convert depleted uranium into ethane, an alkane used to produce ethanol and other compounds. This breakthrough could reduce the storage burden of DU and lead to new energy sources, challenging previous fears about its health risks.
The CSU team aims to improve the performance of cadmium telluride solar cells by tackling efficiency problems associated with the back contact layer, currently a bottleneck in widespread adoption. They hope to achieve a 25% light-to-energy efficiency with an improved back contact architecture.
Kun Sun and Sushil Jajodia's Center for Secure Information Systems (CSIS) at George Mason University received a $50,000 grant to develop a security analysis toolset. The project aims to provide abuse prevention and malware detection solutions for high-performance computers.
Researchers found that reducing tongue fat is a primary factor in lessening the severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Weight loss resulted in improved sleep apnea scores by 31% after the weight loss intervention, as measured by a sleep study.
Researchers found a 550-million-year-old fossilized digestive tract that challenges our understanding of early animal evolution. The discovery resolves the debate over the evolutionary positioning of cloudinid fossils from the Ediacaran Period.
Researchers found that greater lead occurrence is associated with fewer low-level clouds during winter in the Arctic. The study revealed that rapidly freezing leads can shut off moisture supply and accelerate sea ice freezing.
The remnants of Ex-tropical Cyclone Blake have generated rainfall over desert areas in Western Australia, triggering four area flood warnings. The NASA Aqua satellite captured visible images of the elongated shape of the remnants, which stretched from central to southeastern Western Australia.
The Royal Astronomical Society has awarded its highest honors to Professor Sandra Moore Faber and Professor Yvonne Elsworth for their groundbreaking research in galaxy structure, cosmology, and solar physics. Their achievements have significantly advanced our understanding of the universe.
The Department of Energy has announced plans for a future Electron Ion Collider, sited at Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York. Jefferson Lab will be a major partner in the project, providing key support and expertise in particle accelerators and nuclear physics.
A history of falls in postmenopausal women can predict a higher risk of subsequent fractures. Slip falls were associated with a greater risk of fracture than other types of falls.
Scientists have developed a new method to record extremely fast processes using X-ray lasers. By harnessing the random nature of these pulses, they can now create images with precisely controlled parameters. This breakthrough enables the study of non-linear effects and chemical reactions.
Researchers from University of York develop new model to calculate impact of changes to Luftwaffe tactics on the battle's outcome. The study suggests that altering the timing and targeting of airfields could have shifted the battle significantly in Germany's favor.
Engineers at UC San Diego created a way to fabricate perovskite single crystals with precisely deformed structures, enabling significant changes in material properties. The researchers found that -1.2% strain produced samples with the best charge-carrier mobility and stabilized its photoactive alpha phase.
Researchers at the University of Rochester found that parents' consistent bedtime enforcement is associated with longer sleep duration and better mental health outcomes for teenagers. The study suggests that even without pre-bedtime conflict, parents' role in setting bedtimes yields positive results.
Researchers at Norwegian University of Science and Technology have found a previously unknown way for the immune system to detect and respond to HIV infection. This discovery may hold the key to allowing the 'shock-and-kill' approach to work, where the virus is activated to be visible to the immune system and then killed.
States with Medicaid work requirements have higher opioid overdose death rates and fewer substance use disorder treatment facilities. Increasing access to evidence-based opioid addiction care is crucial for individuals with these conditions.
Researchers have identified a genetic program controlling the development of beige fat cells, which can convert energy into heat. The study's findings suggest that people with more thermogenic fat cells may be less likely to develop obesity and related metabolic disorders.
A study of 100,902 participants found that habitual tea consumption was linked to lower risks of cardiovascular disease and all-cause death. Green tea showed the strongest association, while black tea had no significant effects.