School packed lunches in the UK still have low nutritional quality, with only 1.6% meeting food standards, according to a study. The analysis found that sugar levels decreased, while vitamin C content dropped significantly.
A global analysis by the University of Washington found that nearly half of the world's fish catch comes from sustainably managed stocks. Effective management is credited as the main reason for these sustainable levels or successful rebuilding.
Sex-changing fish species can recover faster and more predictably than fixed-sex species when fishing is eliminated within Marine Protected Areas. This is because they can replace lost males with females, increasing reproduction rates.
Researchers developed a model to estimate storm surge extremes by exploiting sea level dependencies, yielding good agreement with tide gauge data and reduced uncertainty. The new approach enables estimation of storm surge levels at arbitrary ungauged locations.
A new study identifies 13 non-native species most likely to invade Antarctica's Antarctic Peninsula region over the next decade. The invasion could have devastating effects on fragile polar biological communities and ecosystems. Comprehensive biosecurity checks are crucial to prevent invasive species from reaching Antarctica.
Researchers develop new framework to understand changes in brain activity and connections, with implications for modeling brain disease mechanisms. The study identifies three categories of dynamic interaction between neurons involved in cognitive function.
Researchers at NYU and partner institutions have mapped electron energies with unprecedented clarity, uncovering a quantum relationship between electrons known as hybridization. This breakthrough provides new insight into the physics of topological insulators.
Researchers at CNIC discovered a 'disarmament' mechanism in neutrophils that reduces their toxic capacity to prevent damage to healthy tissues. This innate system, driven by CXCR2 and circadian rhythms, helps regulate the immune response and could have implications for treating conditions like myocardial infarction and stroke.
Researchers develop machine that repairs injured human livers and keeps them alive for a week outside the body. The technology increases the number of available organs for transplantation, saving lives of patients with severe liver diseases or cancer.
Researchers in Dresden aim to develop chemical circuits for the diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia using chemo-fluidic technology. The project seeks to create integrated systems that can analyze hundreds or thousands of individual human cells simultaneously, potentially leading to improved therapy options.
An expert review concludes that melatonin for jet lag may not be effective in relieving symptoms due to scant evidence. The review suggests that non-drug treatments like timing exposure to bright light and altering bed and mealtimes may be more complicated.
A new study has quantified small levels of iodine in the stratosphere and links it to ozone layer decline. The research suggests that air pollution from the surface can trigger ozone destruction higher in the atmosphere.
Researchers developed a platform to organize nanomaterials of different types into desired 3-D structures using DNA-programmable nanofabrication. The platform can create materials with unique optical, chemical, and other properties at the nanoscale, enabling new applications in fields like display technology and nanomanufacturing.
A new study found that 90% of patients with knee osteoarthritis are waiting too long for knee replacement surgery, losing function, while 25% of those without need get the procedure prematurely. This delays deterioration and reduces mobility, leading to additional health issues.
A study from UC Riverside identifies a protein called IRK that controls plant growth and division. Turning off the gene producing IRK increases root cell division, potentially leading to bigger roots and better nutrient uptake.
Researchers at Silent Spring Institute found that anonymized environmental health data can be traced back to individuals. The study highlights the need for greater protections for participants in human research studies, particularly with the proposed federal rule by EPA requiring scientists to make their data public.
A team of scientists has created the first living robots, 'xenobots', by assembling frog embryo cells into new life forms. These biodegradable organisms can move, heal themselves, and even carry payloads, promising advances in drug delivery, toxic waste clean-up, and more.
Old Ginkgo biloba trees display similar gene expression for flavonoids and other resistance genes in young and old trees. Increasing age is not accompanied by a significant decrease in leaf area or growth rate, suggesting that these trees may stay healthy due to robust stress defenses.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that troponin testing for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in selected elderly patients with nonspecific complaints (NCSs) may not be necessary due to a low diagnostic yield. The study revealed an elevated troponin in 20% of patients but only a 1.2% ACS rate.
A recent study published in Addiction found that college students in states where marijuana was legalized by 2018 used more marijuana and were 18% more likely to have used it in the past 30 days compared to students in non-legalized states. In contrast, binge drinking rates decreased significantly in these states, with students aged 21...
Researchers found that concentrating auctions to certain days of the week leads to a 7.3% increase in platform revenues. Shortening or lengthening auctions impacts the number of buyers bidding, with optimal listings influencing supply and demand
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that adults with type 2 diabetes who were newly prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors had a lower rate of gout compared to those prescribed GLP1 agonists. This suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors may be effective in reducing the risk of gout among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have developed a new method to transform stem cells into bone cells using an artificial muscle sheet with shape-memory function. This technology has potential applications in treating complex bone fractures by culturing stem cells on the sheet and adapting them to directly strengthen bones.
A team of scientists has used data from the TESS satellite and ground-based telescopes to determine an ancient collision between our galaxy and Gaia-Enceladus occurred early in its history. The study reveals new insights into the history of the Milky Way, providing a timeline for the collision.
Researchers suggest a ring-like structure in the early solar system may have created a compositional dichotomy between terrestrial and jovian planets. This division may have led to the presence of organic molecules on Earth, supporting life.
A new study by the University of Miami Rosenstiel School revealed that Atlantic tarpon migrate thousands of kilometers in distance beyond U.S. borders. The research found the fish use both freshwater and estuarine habitats throughout their life, with previously unknown spawning locations identified in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico.
Researchers found structural brain connectivity changes between migraine patients and healthy volunteers, as well as between episodic and chronic migraine patients. Strengthening connectivity was observed in areas implicated in migraine's pathophysiology, while weakening connectivity patterns were seen in the temporal lobe of migraine ...
Researchers found compounds in commonly consumed foods trigger phage production, killing harmful bacteria and promoting beneficial bacteria growth. This 'landscape' approach has far-reaching implications for controlling harmful microbes and maintaining a healthy gut microbiome.
A scientist has described the details of an enzyme that mimics Maxwell's demon, enabling efficient energy transformation and cellular regulation. This discovery sheds light on how biological processes create information, a fundamental aspect of life.
Scientists found that seasonal temperature variations in the Arctic Ocean significantly impact methane emissions, with a 43% decrease in colder conditions. This study corrected existing estimates in the methane emissions budget, highlighting the importance of considering seasonal changes in biogeochemical processes.
Grasshoppers adjust their cardiovascular and respiratory activity in response to gravity, with mechanisms similar to those found in vertebrates. The study reveals that insects have functional valves and can control fluid flow to prevent blood pooling in the brain.
Scientists with the HAWC Collaboration have detected gamma-ray emissions at unprecedented energy levels above 56 TeV. The findings suggest the presence of Galactic accelerators, known as PeVatrons, which could be a new area of research for pulsars and supernova remnants.
A study reveals that effective fisheries management can increase fish stock abundance and reduce yield loss from overfishing. In regions with less developed management, high fishing pressure results in a three-fold greater harvest rate compared to well-managed areas.
A new analysis shows the world's oceans were the warmest in 2019 than any other time in recorded human history. The study reveals that the past ten years have been the warmest on record for global ocean temperatures, with significant consequences for marine life and extreme weather events.
A new mathematical model, ETFL, accurately models enzyme expression and its associated metabolic cost in living cells. The model integrates biochemistry, thermodynamics, and multi-omics data to predict enzyme activity and metabolism.
A survey of 3,080 UK rescue dog owners found that most believed their dogs were imported under the EU Pet Travel Scheme, despite only 1% actually using this method. The study highlights concerns about the risks of exotic diseases and calls for stricter checks on imported rescue dogs.
A new study published in Nature Medicine reveals a relationship between lead exposure risk and brain structure in children from lower-income families. The research found that an increased risk of lead exposure is associated with decreases in cognitive performance and brain volume, but not in mid- or high-income families.
Scientists discovered stardust formed 5 to 7 billion years ago, the oldest solid material ever found on Earth. The presolar grains, trapped in meteorites, reveal a 'baby boom' of enhanced star formation 7 billion years ago.
Researchers at the University of South Florida have discovered a novel feedback pathway from the brain to the eye that modulates eye pressure. This breakthrough finding may lead to new treatments for glaucoma by exploiting the modulatory mechanisms of the drainage control system.
The Mount Sinai Diversity Innovation Hub has been named among the Top 50 Leaders in Digital Health for 2020, recognizing its efforts to improve healthcare through technology. The hub aims to diversify the pipeline for career paths in healthcare innovation and technology.
A team of researchers from the University of Houston has solved a scientific mystery about evaporation, shedding light on its role in industrial processes. The new understanding eliminates a long-standing bottleneck in predicting evaporation rates, enabling more accurate simulations and design of advanced systems.
The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) has renewed its partnership with Sweden's Swedish International Cooperation Agency (Sida) to accelerate vaccine research and development for global health. The five-year partnership will focus on infectious diseases of global importance, including cholera, typhoid, and dengue.
Researchers have developed a minimally invasive procedure to treat chronic Achilles tendon disorder, reducing pain and recovery time. The percutaneous Zadek osteotomy (ZO) technique has shown significant improvement in functional outcomes and faster recovery times compared to traditional open surgery.
Research suggests that glacier retreat leads to increased mercury uptake by vegetation, which can sequester more mercury than released glaciers. This phenomenon is not accounted for in current global models and has significant implications for global mercury cycling.
A new study found that a disrupted biological clock increases the risk of heart disease in mice treated with radiation therapy, highlighting the potential role of protein Bmal1 in protecting the heart. The research could lead to personalized medicine approaches and optimized timing for radiation therapy to minimize side effects.
A team of Israeli researchers has identified a short window of opportunity for treating antibiotic-resistant infections, where aggressive bacteria can be controlled with currently-available therapies. This breakthrough offers new hope for patients fighting life-threatening infections with weakened immune systems.
Researchers at Iowa State University have created liquid metal alloys that can change their surface structure in response to heat, allowing for the development of 'smart' alloy systems. This technology could inspire design of tunable surface patterns and their composition with temperature for applications such as sensing and catalysis.
The latest version of CLICS significantly increases the number of languages and concepts available, allowing researchers to study colexifications on a global scale. The database facilitates standardization of linguistic datasets and provides solutions to persistent challenges in linguistic research.
Researchers identified five distinct subtypes of advanced pancreatic cancer with unique molecular properties that can be targeted with novel treatments. The study's findings may lead to improved clinical outcomes and personalized treatment decisions for patients with the deadly disease.
A new study reveals insects experience similar physiological effects of gravity as humans, with air sacs expanding in response to orientation. Insects have an active response called functional compartmentalization, allowing them to control pressure and maintain blood flow.
Researchers found that Sestrin, a naturally occurring protein, can improve endurance and respiration in flies and mice. It may also help prevent muscle atrophy, potentially leading to new treatments for aging-related muscle wasting.
A study found that pregnant women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are more likely to test positive for stress, anxiety, and depression, which can impair fetal brain development. The study suggests that routine screening for psychological distress is crucial during prenatal care.
A recent study found that fewer than two in every 100 packed lunches meet nutritional standards, with an increase in vegetables and a decrease in sugary food. The researchers argue that the Government should make fresh vegetables freely available in schools and that the food industry should develop healthier options.
Researchers have identified a driver of bone loss related to cancer treatment, found that cell senescence drives bone loss beyond estrogen alone. Two investigational drugs can stop this process, improving quality of life for cancer patients.
A large study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that individuals with burnout syndrome are at a 20% higher risk of developing atrial fibrillation. Chronic stress and inflammation may be key mechanisms behind this association.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have discovered a new role for circular RNA in regulating the spread of melanoma cancers. The study found that CDR1as blocks the aggressive growth of cancer cells, while its loss promotes it. Higher levels of CDR1as were linked to increased survival rates among patients with melanoma.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a new therapy to alleviate problems caused by dysfunctional mitochondria, which produce energy in cells. The discovery could lead to treatments for rare diseases and age-associated disorders characterized by redox imbalance.
Researchers have found that herpes simplex virus type 2 migrated to the Americas through the transatlantic slave trade, contradicting previous theories. The viruses originated in Africa around 5000 years ago and 18th century events led to their spread.
Researchers discovered that fungi associated with shallow-rooted tundra shrubs can access deep nitrogen stores from thawing permafrost, regardless of the plant's root system. This finding has implications for understanding the fate of nitrogen in a warming Arctic and potentially offsetting carbon losses.
The study reveals that ancient Tupí took a direct route from the Amazon to the Atlantic Coast, giving rise to coastal Tupí and Guaraní populations. Genomic data from present-day individuals also supports the hypothesis that Native Americans left the Amazon to search for new land to cultivate.