Scientists identified 3 metabolites that can re-program pluripotent cells into totipotent-like cells, opening up possibilities for studying early developmental events and cell replacement therapies.
A new study published in Blood Advances reveals that patients with metabolic syndrome are more likely to experience recurrent blood clots. The study analyzed 151,054 patients diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis and found that those with comorbid metabolic syndrome conditions had a higher risk of VTE recurrence.
Researchers develop 'flash and freeze' method to study structure and function of synapses in intact neural circuits. The method allows for simultaneous observation of structural changes during signaling, revealing a near-identity between structurally and functionally defined vesicle pools.
New study reveals antibiotic tolerance promotes the evolution of antimicrobial resistance even under combination drug treatments. The results suggest that designing antibiotic treatments must consider drug tolerance to prevent the emergence of resistance.
Researchers discovered 10 new species and subspecies of songbirds from three under-explored islands off Sulawesi, Indonesia. The findings mark the largest number of new species identified from a small geographically confined region in over a century.
Researchers tested whether contaminating a fake rubber hand could help people with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) overcome their contamination fears. The 'rubber hand illusion' technique showed promise in reducing disgust and anxiety levels, paving the way for new treatment options.
Researchers at Kazan University are developing advanced aerial drones with devices such as detectors and special cameras to enhance geological surveys. The goal is to analyze upper strata of rocks, evaluate hydrocarbon potential, and improve forest planning and soil analysis.
Researchers found that surgically removing the entire tumor can boost median survival length from eight months to 16 months or more. The study analyzed data from 103 patients and suggests surgery may be a viable treatment option for brainstem high-grade gliomas, which are rare and deadly brain cancers.
Recent research in Caenorhabditis elegans suggests that a moderately acidic digestive tract may actually make bacterial pathogens more potent. This finding could have significant implications for addressing antibiotic resistance worldwide.
Researchers have discovered a key to understanding the evolution of whales by analyzing the range of motion of their joints. By studying this range of motion, scientists can infer the feeding behaviors of extinct cetaceans, providing new insights into their diets and physiologies.
A joint research team from NUS and LIPI uncovered five new bird species and five subspecies in three small island groups off Sulawesi, Indonesia. The discovery highlights the incomplete understanding of species diversity in complex areas like Wallacea.
Researchers from Boston University School of Public Health argue that calling pornography a public health crisis endangers the health of the public by leading to unwarranted policy shifts. The existing evidence suggests negative health consequences for some individuals, but not substantial harm overall.
A new study reveals that landscapes with mixed land uses are more productive and stable than those with uniform use. The research found that diverse landscapes can mitigate effects of climate variation and interact in ways that improve the functioning of the entire landscape.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that using altruistic terminology may not be effective in targeting non-donors. Instead, focusing on a sense of social obligation could lead to better cut-through rates. The researchers also discovered that blood donors tend to have higher primary prosocial characteristics like altruism and empathy.
Scientists at TU Dresden used a method to stimulate neural stem cells, leading to increased neurons and improved cognitive function in old mice. This study suggests that boosting stem cells may be a promising approach to rejuvenate the brain and counteract aging-related cognitive impairments.
A landmark study by the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) found that even mild cases of diarrheal illness can be fatal to young children. The study, published in Lancet Global Health, suggests that more aggressive action is needed to prevent and treat all cases of diarrheal illness, regardless of severity.
A recent study published in Science Advances finds that global warming is the primary cause of extensive wildfires in Siberia. The research reveals that climate conditions, such as changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature, play a crucial role in fire spread.
Researchers found that blocking androgen receptors can increase the density of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) sites on tumor surfaces, allowing for more targeted radiation therapy. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
Researchers have developed a superhydrophobic material that repels blood and promotes fast clotting, making it ideal for use as a bandage. The material's antibacterial effect also reduces the risk of infection when changing bandages.
Astronomers have cataloged signs of 9 heavy metals in supergiant and giant stars, allowing researchers to study the chemical composition and evolution of galaxies. By analyzing these elements, scientists can reconstruct the history of galaxies, including events like binary neutron star mergers that affected the Milky Way.
A 10-year study found that the prevalence of probable depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were significantly higher during the 2019 social unrest in Hong Kong compared to pre-2014 levels. The study estimates that mental health-care providers may need to prepare for a 12% rise in demand for public sector services.
Researchers have observed the ultrafast formation and breakdown of the water ion created when water is exposed to ionizing radiation. This reaction occurs in just 50 femtoseconds and leads to the creation of highly reactive radicals that can damage biological tissue.
Researchers discovered that reactivating the PPP2R2A gene can slow or stop prostate cancer progression. The study found that patients with only one functional copy of the gene have shorter survival rates, and that reconstituting PP2A protein ultimately kills prostate cancer cells.
Cartilaginous fishes, including sharks and rays, have lost the SWS1 and SWS2 opsin genes, leading to cone monochromacy and limited color vision. The study provides detailed insights into their visual pigments, shedding light on evolutionary adaptations to ocean environments.
A Pitt engineer has received a $1.6M NIH award to develop a wireless neural device for precise and long-term stimulation of specific neurons. The proposed technology uses photostimulation to activate neurons with great precision, minimizing tissue damage and improving spatial selectivity.
The AutoNaut is a specially-adapted sea-going robot that can deploy an underwater Seaglider, carrying sensors for climate research. The vessel has been tested off the coast of Barbados and will be used to track cloud formation and its role in the climate system.
A pilot study from the University of Central Florida found that judo lessons increased moderate to vigorous physical activity among children with autism, reducing sedentary time. Participants also showed improved social interaction skills and comfort with physical contact.
A set of four integrated studies by Harvard researchers reveals that sadness plays a strong role in triggering addictive behavior relative to other negative emotions like disgust. The studies show that individuals experiencing sadness are more likely to be smokers and relapse into smoking after quitting.
Research suggests that maintaining a healthy size distribution of parrotfish in sea floor ecosystems is crucial for coral reef health. Experiments show that large parrotfish play a key role in controlling algae growth, and selective fishing practices could lead to an overgrowth of algae if these larger fish are removed.
A new case series provides insights into Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder (PGAD), a rare condition characterized by recurring, unwanted sexual arousal. Neurological evaluation and treatment have been found to be effective in managing symptoms.
Researchers at Duke University developed a new method to identify objects using microwaves that improves accuracy while reducing computing time and power requirements. The system uses machine-learning approach to jointly determine optimal hardware settings, cutting out the need for image analysis by humans.
Researchers discovered that Parkinson's disease symptoms begin when dopaminergic neurons are in a dormant state, not just after death. Treatment targeting excessive astrocytic GABA may alleviate symptoms by awakening dormant neurons.
Researchers found a brain circuit that enables fruit flies to see in color, similar to the human capacity for color vision. The study sheds light on the transmission of information from the eye to the brain and could inspire future technologies for those with vision impairments.
A breakthrough study published in Science has deciphered a new way that gamma-delta T cells detect infections and cancers. The research team identified a key molecule, butyrophilin 2A1, which is present on the surface of these immune cells and binds to specific molecules on cancer cells.
Researchers create two-modal fluorogenic probe to monitor protein aggregation, enabling detailed assessment of polarity and unfolded protein load. The NTPAN-MI probe offers a sharper picture of cellular stress responses, allowing for more accurate knowledge of crosstalk between components.
Research using satellite data reveals significant increases in subnival vegetation cover across four height brackets in the Himalayan region. The study found a stronger trend in increased vegetation cover between 5,000-5,500m above sea level, with conditions at Mount Everest's top height range showing signs of plant growth.
A new study reveals that persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is caused by altered nerve firing and spinal cord damage, which can be treated with neurological interventions. The study found that 80% of patients benefited from treatments targeting the affected nerves and areas.
A new study suggests that state-mandated notifications on mammogram reports intended to inform women of the health risks related to breast density are not worded effectively, particularly for those with lower education levels.
Researchers have discovered a way to reconstruct stable neural activity patterns from tens of neurons, potentially allowing for consistent control of neuroprostheses over long periods. This breakthrough has immediate implications for advancing neuroprosthetic devices that bypass neurological injuries.
The AAFP has released updated Feline Retrovirus Testing and Management Guidelines, providing current information on pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. The guidelines aim to optimize care for feline patients infected with FeLV and FIV, and offer practical guidance for veterinarians and cat caregivers.
Researchers found that African grey parrots voluntarily help each other achieve a goal without immediate benefit, showing innate helping behavior. The parrots' ability to understand when help is needed and transfer tokens to others demonstrates their complex social intelligence.
A new vasculogenic niche contributes to cardiac lymphatic system development, with cells originating from different tissues. The coronary lymphatic vessels have varied origins and functions.
Researchers used ancient Daphnia samples and modern-day organisms to understand how they cope with eutrophication events. They identified clusters of genes adapted to high phosphorus levels, shedding light on evolutionary responses to environmental change.
New dates from Sangiran suggest early humans arrived between 1.3-1.5 million years ago, nearly 300,000 years after previous estimates, with implications for understanding human migration and settlement in Asia.
African grey parrots exhibit prosocial behavior by helping others obtain food rewards, even when it's not in their immediate interest. They also reciprocate favors and are tolerant of unequal treatment due to their long-term monogamous nature.
Researchers at Osaka University developed a machine-learning algorithm that uses MRI images to predict genetic mutations in glioma tumors. This breakthrough may lead to more suitable treatment for patients, giving better outcomes. The study was published in Scientific Reports.
The remnants of Tropical Storm Blake are moving southeast through the South Interior area of Western Australia, threatening heavy rainfall and strong winds. Damage from the system is expected due to winds averaging 31-37 mph and potential flooding from daily rainfall totals of 3-6 inches.
A comprehensive study by the University of Surrey shows that local activities like construction, vehicle traffic, and domestic heating contribute significantly to Delhi's high air pollution levels. The research highlights a clear trend with higher pollutant levels in winter months, mainly due to crop burning and biomass burning.
Scientists studied Martian atmospheric water vapor using ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter data, finding seasonal changes were the dominant regulator. The study suggests that warm seasons can lead to increased water loss into space, impacting Mars' continued desiccation.
A study found that 40% of gun owners reported not locking all firearms, even in the presence of children, emphasizing the importance of safe storage devices. The study also showed that nearly 3,000 people attended public gun safety events and planned to use free safety devices within a week.
Researchers found large atmospheric pockets of water vapour at an altitude of over 80 km, accumulating in unexpected proportions. The capacity for water to escape increases during certain seasons due to the observed supersaturation rates.
Scientists found that nerve cells release infection-fighting cytokines to combat bacterial invaders, rather than immune cells. This discovery provides new insights into the body's response to food poisoning and other illnesses.
Researchers have identified a second gene, BSND, which determines the severity of kidney disease in patients with Joubert syndrome. The discovery has significant implications for diagnosis and treatment of genetic kidney diseases, offering hope for personalized therapies to reduce disease severity.
A new study found that fire impacts water levels for up to 40 years after a wildfire, with increased flooding and elevated stream flow in subsequent summers. Salvage logging and re-seeding forest areas can help reduce these effects and restore normal water levels.
Researchers have identified two distinct types of antibiotics produced by bacteria that target the same cell wall component, offering a promising approach to combatting antimicrobial resistance. The discovery provides chemical blueprints for pharmaceutical chemists to design new, effective drugs.
The Geographic Variation in Addiction Treatment (GATE) study aims to identify factors influencing opioid medication use among individuals with opioid use disorder in the criminal justice system. The study will investigate how personal networks, structural factors, and geographic location shape treatment decisions.
Researchers have successfully used copper-based nanomaterials to eliminate tumour cells in mice, combining with immunotherapy for long-lasting immune effects. The breakthrough offers a novel approach to treating lung and colon cancers without the use of chemotherapy.
A team of researchers has developed a technique for fabricating tiny strands of collagen called fibrils to facilitate further research on the eye's repair process. The study, funded in part by a $1.8 million NIH grant, aims to improve our understanding of how corneal keratocytes respond to injury and leave scar tissue.
Researchers identified growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) as a key player in delaying type 1 diabetes onset in diabetic mice. Treatment with GDF15 reduced development of diabetes by 53% in non-obese diabetic mice, providing a potential target for prevention and treatment.
CryoEM technique reveals structural changes in cardiac muscle thin filaments that regulate heartbeat function. The study provides a molecular basis for novel drug design to treat diseases such as cardiomyopathy.