Homeless individuals with chronic kidney disease are more likely to develop depression, substance abuse, and kidney failure. They also overuse emergency medical services, leading to increased public costs. Research highlights the need for better healthcare access and support services for homeless patients.
A study by a CCNY-led team found correlations between the spread of obesity and food marketing and distribution patterns. The researchers suggest that collective behavior plays a significant role in the spread of the epidemic, not individual factors such as genetics or lifestyle choices.
Researchers developed a new microscope that uses X-ray excited luminescence microscopy to image material properties. The technique combines optical microscopy's spatial resolution with synchrotron radiation's element and magnetic specificity, enabling the imaging of features as small as one micron.
A team of Japanese researchers developed a new method to 'heal' defects in gallium nitride (GaN) using hydrogen radicals. The process restored photoluminescence to nearly normal levels after chlorine plasma etching, improving optical and electrical performance.
Researchers have developed a method to enhance adhesion of injected corneal endothelial cells, allowing for successful corneal transplantation and repair of pathological dysfunctions. Transplanting cultivated cells in combination with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 successfully restored corneal transparency in rabbit and monkey models.
Researchers Thomas Elsässer and Horst Weller recognized for detailed understanding of elementary processes on the sub-nanoscale. Their work has led to applications in photovoltaics, fuel cells, and drug delivery systems.
Researchers discovered a high prevalence of fragile X gene premutations among US population participants, indicating potential neurological and reproductive health risks. The study found that carriers of the faulty gene had a higher probability of experiencing symptoms such as numbness, dizziness, and early menopause.
Researchers at Kiel University have successfully switched the magnetism of individual molecules using electrons, paving the way for molecular data storage. The study, published in Angewandte Chemie, demonstrates the technical feasibility of storing information in a single molecule.
A new, user-friendly tool called the Healthy Aging Brain Care Monitor has been found to be a reliable and valid way to measure dementia symptoms. The study, published by Indiana University School of Medicine, shows that the monitor can detect changes in symptoms and distinguish between patients with varying levels of impairment.
Tropical Storm Carlotta has bitter cold cloud tops, indicating strong thunderstorms and high winds. The storm is expected to strengthen into a hurricane, bringing heavy rainfall, flooding, and mudslides to the Pacific coast of Mexico.
A Northwestern University study found that many college students cannot track down reliable information on emergency contraception pills (ECPs) online. Only two-thirds of the participants were able to conclude that their friend should seek ECPs, with fewer than half providing the ideal response.
A University of Missouri researcher found that childhood obesity is associated with poorer math performance in both boys and girls. Persistent obesity throughout elementary grades can harm children's social and emotional well-being and academic success.
Training participants to inhibit simple movements reduced risk-taking in a simulated gambling situation, with effects lasting at least two hours. The study suggests that controlling motor responses can influence high-level decision-making, paving the way for potential treatments for addictions and impulse-control disorders.
A new study found that children's weight is associated with their math performance. Boys and girls who were persistently obese performed worse on math tests, and emotional well-being played a role in this association. The researchers also discovered that feeling lonelier or more anxious contributed to poorer math performance.
The exercise stress test remains an essential tool for diagnosing coronary artery disease, particularly in patients who can exercise. The test is non-invasive and can be administered in doctor's offices, offering a cost-effective and efficient solution.
Researchers have created a novel energy harvester that can power body-monitoring devices by walking, offering a potential solution to the heavy battery burden on soldiers. The device, designed to fit onto the outside of the knee joint, generates electricity through vibrations caused by plectra plucking energy-generating arms.
Researchers have discovered that thermal noise can cause unidirectional motion in nanoscale systems with asymmetric structures. By considering the finite autocorrelation time of thermal noise, they show that this effect is feasible even at room temperature.
Sher's innovative system enables groundbreaking studies on vision and applications for improving treatment of retinal diseases. He plans to monitor the simultaneous activity of hundreds of neurons in laser-treated retinal tissue to determine whether restored circuits are fully functional.
Researchers at Cardiff University have discovered a new interaction between two well-known molecules that could lead to a beneficial therapy against necrosis and inflammation in the body. The study found that blocking the effect of Bcl-2 on calcium pumps could be an attractive target for treating pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.
A new study found that child care subsidies can enhance the quality of care for low-income children, but parents who use subsidies often don't access the highest quality care. Subsidies allow parents to choose higher-quality settings, such as licensed home-based care.
A new study reveals that lesbian and bisexual women, particularly those who identify as more butch or femme, are at higher risk of childhood abuse and adult sexual assault. The research highlights the importance of considering gender identity and expression in targeted assessments and interventions for this vulnerable population.
The new book concludes that American science is in good health, with traditional values helping the nation maintain its strength. While there are areas of concern, such as declining scientists' earnings and a decline in academic positions, the authors argue that globalization promotes efficiency through knowledge sharing.
Researchers have successfully transferred gallium nitride LEDs from silicon to copper substrates, reducing the quantum confined stark effect and increasing light output. The new substrate design eliminates absorptive materials, electrode shading, and improves crystal orientation, leading to enhanced efficiency and crack-free structures.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology has selected J. Robert Cassady, George T.Y. Chen, and Mark W. Dewhirst as the Society's 2012 Gold Medal recipients for their groundbreaking research, clinical care, teaching, and service in radiation oncology.
The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052 study faced significant ethical challenges as it investigated the use of antiretroviral treatment to prevent sexual transmission of HIV. The trial's findings provide valuable insights into managing ethical difficulties in research, while also shedding light on the importance of balancing sci...
A team of researchers found reliable patterns of brain activity linked to engaging moments in films. They used EEG to collect data on human subjects' brainwaves during repeat viewings of dramatic scenes, revealing correlations with alpha activity levels indicating attentiveness.
Researchers found that predators can alter how microbes break down organic matter, leading to changes in soil carbon dioxide release and decomposition rates. This highlights the importance of considering animal influence on ecosystem functioning, especially in an era of biodiversity loss.
Scientists have discovered a new way to inactivate the disease-causing ability of Helicobacter pylori by disrupting its acid-sensing receptor. The study reveals that urea binding is crucial for the protein's function and could lead to potential treatments.
The James Webb Space Telescope has received its first mid-infrared instrument, the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), allowing scientists to study cold and distant objects in greater detail. MIRI's capabilities will help distinguish the oldest galaxies from more evolved objects, enabling researchers to understand the birthplaces of stars.
The new website at www.naturaltransfats.ca explores the differences between industrial and natural trans fats, providing key information on nutrition labels and food choices. Key findings suggest that natural trans fats found in meat and milk from ruminant animals are not harmful and may have health-enhancing potential.
The Pew Scholars Program identifies and invests in talented researchers, enabling them to pursue innovative research and take calculated risks. This year's class of scholars is exploring various human health issues.
A study by Boston University School of Medicine researchers found that patients receiving take-home methadone doses had 74% lower odds of hospitalization compared to those not receiving these doses. The study suggests that successful addiction treatment, including better overall health and reduced healthcare utilization, is a key facto...
A new study published in Epilepsia found that human herpesviruses (HHV)-6B and HHV-7 are associated with febrile status epilepticus (FSE) cases, accounting for one-third of FSE cases. The study suggests a possible link between these viruses and the development of epilepsy, particularly temporal lobe epilepsy.
Researchers dated 50 paintings in 11 caves in Northern Spain using uranium-series disequilibrium, finding hand stencils and a club-shaped symbol date back at least 40,800 and 35,600 years, respectively. This pushes the origins of cave art in Europe back by several thousand years.
A team of Stanford engineers has made breakthroughs in carbon nanotube circuits, providing a ten-times improvement in energy efficiency over silicon. They have overcome major barriers, including alignment and metallic contamination, using a unique imperfection-immune design paradigm.
Researchers discovered that NOG enables breast cancer cells to invade bone and establish tumors by increasing osteoclast activity and keeping cells in a stem-cell-like state. This gene plays a key role in the complex process of metastasis, increasing breast cancer's potential for spreading to the bone environment.
Researchers from Jena University used Einstein's equation to calculate the optimal value of hematocrit, finding that it is around 40% in humans and many other vertebrates. This value may explain why similar levels of hemoglobin are found across species.
The number of Americans with a history of cancer is expected to reach 18 million by 2022, with 45% of survivors aged 70 or older. Improved cancer survival rates have led to the growth in survivor prevalence despite decreasing cancer incidence rates.
A study by University of North Carolina researchers found that breast milk has a strong virus-killing effect and protects against oral transmission of HIV. The 'BLT' mouse model was used to demonstrate this, with the oral cavity and upper digestive tract of mice mimicking human cells affected by HIV transmission.
Male Cardiocondyla obscurior ants use chemical tagging to identify and kill younger rival males, ensuring colony survival. This behavior increases the chances of surviving fights against two-day-old males to 14%.
Researchers used sediment cores to study climate conditions during the Eemian period, which may not be a suitable analogue for current climate change. The Atlantic Ocean showed higher-than-Holocene temperature signals, while the Nordic Seas indicated cold conditions, suggesting a significant difference in oceanic circulation.
Researchers at University of Missouri-Columbia discovered that the region's record-warm February and March were linked to a similar La Niña climate pattern in 1889. This finding could help scientists develop more accurate weather prediction models by understanding the variability within climate patterns.
Zacharie Tchoundjeu, a forestry conservationist in Cameroon, and Martha Ruiz Corzo, an environmental activist in Mexico, win the National Geographic/Buffett Award. They are recognized for their outstanding work in conservation and community-based management of protected areas.
Researchers use JILA's frequency comb to measure concentrations of reactive molecules in air streams, capturing complex chemical reactions and optimizing sterilization techniques. The system achieves high-level disinfection without liquid chemicals or high temperatures.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Health System discovered that digoxin, a centuries-old heart drug, enhances the body's natural protection against high blood pressure and heart failure. By activating RGS proteins, digoxin may improve survival rates in patients with congestive heart failure.
A new study confirms cougars are re-populating their historical range across the US Midwest. The research reveals cougar populations have spread from Texas to Ontario and Manitoba, with males traveling long distances.
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center detected a new solar active region, AR1504, which fired off two M-class flares and two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on June 13-14, 2012. The CMEs are traveling towards Earth at speeds of 375 and 800 miles per second.
Researchers identified a simplified fruit fly gene that splits into two complex human genes playing roles in cancer and birth defects. This split made studying the genes easier, providing unique insights into massive human MLL2 and MLL3 genes.
Researchers found that stressed grasshoppers consume more carbohydrate-rich plants, leading to changes in their excretions and affecting the microbes in the ground. This results in slower degradation of complex organic materials, impacting plant growth and field crop productivity.
Researchers sequenced the bonobo genome to identify key differences with humans and chimpanzees, finding over 2.5 million transposon insertions unique to the bonobo genome. These findings may help understand the genetic basis for traits shared among humans, chimpanzees, and bonobos.
University of Minnesota public health researchers found two high-signal genetic markers correlated with coronary artery disease, which may help define genetic fingerprints for increased risk. The study analyzed data from over 75,000 patients and offers biological and clinical data supporting future research into the genetic markers.
Guchol, a compact system, intensified into a typhoon with cloud temperatures as low as -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm has maximum sustained winds near 70 knots and is expected to brush east central and northern Luzon, Philippines.
Research team studied genetic diversity of coelacanths in Africa, revealing low genetic diversity but specific patterns in certain regions. The study shows that coelacanths can continue to develop and adapt to new conditions despite their slow evolutionary rate.
Researchers analyzed soil cores from 55 locations in central and western Amazonia, finding that early inhabitants lived near rivers but had little long-term impact on outlying forests. The study challenges the popular idea that the Amazon was a culturally altered landscape before European arrival.
Clinicians must address the immediate safety issue of a gun in the home to effectively engage rural parents in preventing youth suicide. The study found that relating one's own experience with guns increases credibility with parents.
The UK government has invested £6.5 million in 16 research and development projects to stimulate innovation in the manufacturing sector. The projects aim to develop new technologies that can create high value through novel processes, advanced product manufacture, resource efficiency and production techniques.
A new UCSF report highlights the need for improved medical care for elderly inmates, who disproportionately account for escalating medical expenses. The report recommends nine policy areas to promote cost-effective quality care, including screening for dementia and palliative care.
A study by the University of Zurich found that practicing character strengths such as curiosity, gratitude, and optimism boosts life satisfaction. Participants who trained these strengths reported increased happiness and better mood regulation.
According to researchers from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and National Institutes of Health, preventable childhood deaths can be nearly eliminated in 10 years. To achieve this goal, a new common vision is proposed with concrete and measurable benchmarks for curbing childhood preventable deaths.
The chance alignment of galaxies NGC 3314A and NGC 3314B shows a unique view of their spiral arms and dust lanes. The motion of the galaxies indicates they are not on a collision course, with NGC 3314A's warped shape likely due to an encounter with another nearby galaxy.
A review of global ocean commitments has shown little success over the past 20 years. Despite international agreements, governments have failed to meet targets for protecting vulnerable species and marine habitats, leading to increased fish stock depletion and ecosystem destruction.
A new study published in Genetics reveals a gene in Caenorhabditis elegans, similar to a human gene correlated with Alzheimer's disease, is involved in multiple metabolic pathways, including insulin. The discovery suggests that this gene plays a role not only in Alzheimer's but also in diabetes.
The journal Fundamenta Informaticae publishes a special issue commemorating Alan Turing's work on reaction-diffusion theory, which is considered a foundation of chaos theory and theoretical biology. The issue explores the applications of mathematical theories inspired by Turing's work to natural phenomena.
The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research (IJADR) aims to address the lack of addiction research in low- and middle-income countries by publishing peer-reviewed papers on cross-cultural perspectives. The journal offers a mentoring program for non-native English researchers, further enhancing its unique features.
Scientists have developed more efficient organic solar cells by harnessing the power of polarized excitons. This breakthrough could make solar energy a cost-effective alternative to conventional sources. Researchers are exploring new materials to improve efficiency and competitiveness.
Researchers found that high doses of nicotinamide riboside (NR) in mice fed a fatty diet led to significant weight loss, improved energy expenditure, and enhanced muscle performance. NR also prevented diabetes development and improved insulin sensitivity, all without toxicity.
A new study found that a plant's toxic 'mustard oil bomb' makes mice spit out its seeds when eating the fruit, aiding seed dispersal. This discovery illustrates the first known case of directed deterrence in a single species.
A group of Japanese scientists developed a model that predicts the success of movies at the box office by analyzing daily advertisement costs and word-of-mouth communication. The model was tested with 25 movies and showed promising results in predicting actual revenue.
A new microscopy technique called trolling AFM allows researchers to study soft biological samples in liquid with high resolution and high quality. The technique uses a thin, long nanoneedle to extend the tip of an atomic force microscope, reducing hydrodynamic drag and allowing for minimal disturbance of the sample.
A longitudinal study found that marital discord in kindergarten years can lead to emotional problems and difficulties in adolescence, including depression and anxiety. Children's early experiences of conflict between parents can have long-lasting negative effects on their emotional security and social adjustment.
Researchers at UPNA aim to create affordable, high-precision eye tracking systems for applications beyond assisting people with disabilities. They have developed a database of over 100 users and are working on algorithms to detect pupil position and gaze direction.
Research reveals 'green grabs' lead to dispossession and poverty in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Local ecosystems are being exploited for profit, undermining sustainable development and justice.
A study by Georgetown University Medical Center researchers found that 7 out of 10 Capital Bikeshare commuters do not wear helmets, compared to 70.8% of private cyclists. The study aims to encourage helmet use among frequent riders through targeted marketing and incentives.
The Pew Latin American Fellows Program provides salary support for postdoctoral-level scientists to work in top laboratories in the US. Over 70% of fellows return to their home country to build scientific infrastructure, despite a high number of foreign doctorate recipients staying in the US.
A study by the University of Sheffield found that kitchen air quality can be hazardous, with nitrogen dioxide levels three times higher than recommended outside concentrations. The research highlights the need for more data on indoor pollutants and calls for action to improve home air quality.
Research reveals that secretly unfaithful individuals are less likely to practice safe sex and more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors. Monogamy can be an effective method for preventing STIs, but its effectiveness relies on couples' commitment to testing negative at the start of their relationship.
Fuxman Bass, a postdoctoral scholar, received the fellowship to study the complex immune system and its regulation by transcription factors. The research could lead to new treatments for cancer, infection, and autoimmune diseases.
Lachke's research focuses on identifying genes associated with eye diseases, aiming to understand lens development and function. He has discovered three new cataract-associated genes using his online gene discovery tool iSyTE.
A new study suggests that large areas of western Amazonia were sparsely inhabited before European arrival, contradicting the idea that most of Amazonia was heavily occupied. The research found few signs of charcoal from fires, indicating low-intensity human impacts on forests.
Researchers at CCNY found that a single gene forms a common link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, affecting the insulin pathway. The finding could point to a therapeutic target for both diseases.
Saskia B. Neher, a UNC School of Medicine assistant professor, is one of 22 promising scientists to receive the 2012 Pew Scholars award, supporting her research on LPL regulation and its implications for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at the University of Missouri are developing a system that uses motion-sensing technology and video gaming technology to monitor seniors' movements and detect changes in health. This allows for early interventions and enables residents to remain in their own homes for longer.
New research from McMaster University debunks the bodybuilding myth that growth-promoting hormones stimulate strength after weightlifting. Contrary to conventional wisdom, anabolic hormones do not influence muscle protein synthesis, leading to bigger muscles.
A new method of virtual colonoscopy, administered without laxatives, has been shown to be as accurate as conventional colonoscopy in detecting potentially cancerous polyps. The procedure uses a CT scanner and a tagging agent to identify polyps, and was found to detect clinically significant polyps with 91% accuracy.
Research at Thomas Jefferson University discovered that senescent cells in the tumor microenvironment produce nutrients for cancer cells via autophagy, supporting their growth. This finding suggests that aging is a key factor in driving tumor growth and metastasis.