A recent study found that a high proportion of smokers calling quitlines also drank at hazardous levels, making it difficult for them to quit. Quitlines can be a valuable resource in reaching these individuals and providing brief alcohol interventions.
A new model predicts the effectiveness of weight-loss groups based on their psychological meaningfulness to members. The study aims to generate a comprehensive understanding of group participation's impact on health and contribute to future development of weight-management programs.
A recent study found that gestational exposure to BPA leads to behavioral changes in mice for four generations, including increased anxiety and aggression. The study suggests that BPA exposure could have long-lasting impacts on human behavior if it generalizes to humans.
Research from Brigham Young University found that dads play a crucial role in teaching their children persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school and lower rates of delinquency. The study examined 325 families over several years and showed that dads who practice authoritative parenting are more likely to instill this trait in...
Researchers at Newcastle University have identified a unique brain wave pattern, called glissando, that can predict epileptic seizures. The study found that this pattern is highly indicative of human epilepsy and cannot be easily reproduced in non-epileptic brain tissue.
University of Minnesota researchers found that patients with high levels of good cholesterol but low levels of the GPx3 enzyme were six times less likely to develop cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that measuring this enzyme may become a common blood test to determine risk for cardiovascular disease.
A new study by researchers at BYU, Duke, and USDA finds that soil interaction with plants controls how ecosystems respond to rising CO2 levels. The study highlights the importance of soils in predicting the future of the Earth's atmosphere.
A new study finds that obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. The severity of DPN is correlated with OSA and nocturnal hypoxemia severity, suggesting a potential mechanism for the relationship between the two conditions.
Researchers at the Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry have identified a key player in the immune system that may protect against Alzheimer's changes. The CCR2 gene was found to be associated with memory in people, suggesting that strengthening this part of the immune system could slow the disease.
Researchers from 11 countries conduct the most comprehensive study on ice types and structures, revealing its impact on climate change and origin of life. The study also analyzes the un Predictability of avalanches and the presence of ice on Mars and comets.
Researchers at Notre Dame have engineered nanoparticles that can target cancer cells in bone marrow, reducing the development of drug resistance and allowing for more effective treatment. The particles also reduce toxic side effects on healthy organs, promising a new approach to multiple myeloma therapy.
A large non-commercial study found that cannabis' main active constituent, THC, does not slow the course of progressive multiple sclerosis. However, participants with lower disability levels showed some potential benefits from THC treatment.
Homeless individuals with chronic kidney disease are more likely to develop depression, substance abuse, and kidney failure. They also overuse emergency medical services, leading to increased public costs. Research highlights the need for better healthcare access and support services for homeless patients.
A study by a CCNY-led team found correlations between the spread of obesity and food marketing and distribution patterns. The researchers suggest that collective behavior plays a significant role in the spread of the epidemic, not individual factors such as genetics or lifestyle choices.
Researchers developed a new microscope that uses X-ray excited luminescence microscopy to image material properties. The technique combines optical microscopy's spatial resolution with synchrotron radiation's element and magnetic specificity, enabling the imaging of features as small as one micron.
A team of Japanese researchers developed a new method to 'heal' defects in gallium nitride (GaN) using hydrogen radicals. The process restored photoluminescence to nearly normal levels after chlorine plasma etching, improving optical and electrical performance.
Researchers have developed a method to enhance adhesion of injected corneal endothelial cells, allowing for successful corneal transplantation and repair of pathological dysfunctions. Transplanting cultivated cells in combination with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 successfully restored corneal transparency in rabbit and monkey models.
Researchers Thomas Elsässer and Horst Weller recognized for detailed understanding of elementary processes on the sub-nanoscale. Their work has led to applications in photovoltaics, fuel cells, and drug delivery systems.
Researchers discovered a high prevalence of fragile X gene premutations among US population participants, indicating potential neurological and reproductive health risks. The study found that carriers of the faulty gene had a higher probability of experiencing symptoms such as numbness, dizziness, and early menopause.
Researchers at Kiel University have successfully switched the magnetism of individual molecules using electrons, paving the way for molecular data storage. The study, published in Angewandte Chemie, demonstrates the technical feasibility of storing information in a single molecule.
A new, user-friendly tool called the Healthy Aging Brain Care Monitor has been found to be a reliable and valid way to measure dementia symptoms. The study, published by Indiana University School of Medicine, shows that the monitor can detect changes in symptoms and distinguish between patients with varying levels of impairment.
Tropical Storm Carlotta has bitter cold cloud tops, indicating strong thunderstorms and high winds. The storm is expected to strengthen into a hurricane, bringing heavy rainfall, flooding, and mudslides to the Pacific coast of Mexico.
A Northwestern University study found that many college students cannot track down reliable information on emergency contraception pills (ECPs) online. Only two-thirds of the participants were able to conclude that their friend should seek ECPs, with fewer than half providing the ideal response.
A University of Missouri researcher found that childhood obesity is associated with poorer math performance in both boys and girls. Persistent obesity throughout elementary grades can harm children's social and emotional well-being and academic success.
Training participants to inhibit simple movements reduced risk-taking in a simulated gambling situation, with effects lasting at least two hours. The study suggests that controlling motor responses can influence high-level decision-making, paving the way for potential treatments for addictions and impulse-control disorders.
A new study found that children's weight is associated with their math performance. Boys and girls who were persistently obese performed worse on math tests, and emotional well-being played a role in this association. The researchers also discovered that feeling lonelier or more anxious contributed to poorer math performance.
The exercise stress test remains an essential tool for diagnosing coronary artery disease, particularly in patients who can exercise. The test is non-invasive and can be administered in doctor's offices, offering a cost-effective and efficient solution.
Researchers have created a novel energy harvester that can power body-monitoring devices by walking, offering a potential solution to the heavy battery burden on soldiers. The device, designed to fit onto the outside of the knee joint, generates electricity through vibrations caused by plectra plucking energy-generating arms.
Researchers have discovered that thermal noise can cause unidirectional motion in nanoscale systems with asymmetric structures. By considering the finite autocorrelation time of thermal noise, they show that this effect is feasible even at room temperature.
Sher's innovative system enables groundbreaking studies on vision and applications for improving treatment of retinal diseases. He plans to monitor the simultaneous activity of hundreds of neurons in laser-treated retinal tissue to determine whether restored circuits are fully functional.
Researchers at Cardiff University have discovered a new interaction between two well-known molecules that could lead to a beneficial therapy against necrosis and inflammation in the body. The study found that blocking the effect of Bcl-2 on calcium pumps could be an attractive target for treating pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.
A new study found that child care subsidies can enhance the quality of care for low-income children, but parents who use subsidies often don't access the highest quality care. Subsidies allow parents to choose higher-quality settings, such as licensed home-based care.
A new study reveals that lesbian and bisexual women, particularly those who identify as more butch or femme, are at higher risk of childhood abuse and adult sexual assault. The research highlights the importance of considering gender identity and expression in targeted assessments and interventions for this vulnerable population.
The new book concludes that American science is in good health, with traditional values helping the nation maintain its strength. While there are areas of concern, such as declining scientists' earnings and a decline in academic positions, the authors argue that globalization promotes efficiency through knowledge sharing.
Researchers have successfully transferred gallium nitride LEDs from silicon to copper substrates, reducing the quantum confined stark effect and increasing light output. The new substrate design eliminates absorptive materials, electrode shading, and improves crystal orientation, leading to enhanced efficiency and crack-free structures.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology has selected J. Robert Cassady, George T.Y. Chen, and Mark W. Dewhirst as the Society's 2012 Gold Medal recipients for their groundbreaking research, clinical care, teaching, and service in radiation oncology.
The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052 study faced significant ethical challenges as it investigated the use of antiretroviral treatment to prevent sexual transmission of HIV. The trial's findings provide valuable insights into managing ethical difficulties in research, while also shedding light on the importance of balancing sci...
A team of researchers found reliable patterns of brain activity linked to engaging moments in films. They used EEG to collect data on human subjects' brainwaves during repeat viewings of dramatic scenes, revealing correlations with alpha activity levels indicating attentiveness.
Researchers found that predators can alter how microbes break down organic matter, leading to changes in soil carbon dioxide release and decomposition rates. This highlights the importance of considering animal influence on ecosystem functioning, especially in an era of biodiversity loss.
Scientists have discovered a new way to inactivate the disease-causing ability of Helicobacter pylori by disrupting its acid-sensing receptor. The study reveals that urea binding is crucial for the protein's function and could lead to potential treatments.
The James Webb Space Telescope has received its first mid-infrared instrument, the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), allowing scientists to study cold and distant objects in greater detail. MIRI's capabilities will help distinguish the oldest galaxies from more evolved objects, enabling researchers to understand the birthplaces of stars.
The new website at www.naturaltransfats.ca explores the differences between industrial and natural trans fats, providing key information on nutrition labels and food choices. Key findings suggest that natural trans fats found in meat and milk from ruminant animals are not harmful and may have health-enhancing potential.
The Pew Scholars Program identifies and invests in talented researchers, enabling them to pursue innovative research and take calculated risks. This year's class of scholars is exploring various human health issues.
A study by Boston University School of Medicine researchers found that patients receiving take-home methadone doses had 74% lower odds of hospitalization compared to those not receiving these doses. The study suggests that successful addiction treatment, including better overall health and reduced healthcare utilization, is a key facto...
A new study published in Epilepsia found that human herpesviruses (HHV)-6B and HHV-7 are associated with febrile status epilepticus (FSE) cases, accounting for one-third of FSE cases. The study suggests a possible link between these viruses and the development of epilepsy, particularly temporal lobe epilepsy.
Researchers dated 50 paintings in 11 caves in Northern Spain using uranium-series disequilibrium, finding hand stencils and a club-shaped symbol date back at least 40,800 and 35,600 years, respectively. This pushes the origins of cave art in Europe back by several thousand years.
A team of Stanford engineers has made breakthroughs in carbon nanotube circuits, providing a ten-times improvement in energy efficiency over silicon. They have overcome major barriers, including alignment and metallic contamination, using a unique imperfection-immune design paradigm.
Researchers discovered that NOG enables breast cancer cells to invade bone and establish tumors by increasing osteoclast activity and keeping cells in a stem-cell-like state. This gene plays a key role in the complex process of metastasis, increasing breast cancer's potential for spreading to the bone environment.
Researchers from Jena University used Einstein's equation to calculate the optimal value of hematocrit, finding that it is around 40% in humans and many other vertebrates. This value may explain why similar levels of hemoglobin are found across species.
The number of Americans with a history of cancer is expected to reach 18 million by 2022, with 45% of survivors aged 70 or older. Improved cancer survival rates have led to the growth in survivor prevalence despite decreasing cancer incidence rates.
A study by University of North Carolina researchers found that breast milk has a strong virus-killing effect and protects against oral transmission of HIV. The 'BLT' mouse model was used to demonstrate this, with the oral cavity and upper digestive tract of mice mimicking human cells affected by HIV transmission.
Male Cardiocondyla obscurior ants use chemical tagging to identify and kill younger rival males, ensuring colony survival. This behavior increases the chances of surviving fights against two-day-old males to 14%.
Researchers used sediment cores to study climate conditions during the Eemian period, which may not be a suitable analogue for current climate change. The Atlantic Ocean showed higher-than-Holocene temperature signals, while the Nordic Seas indicated cold conditions, suggesting a significant difference in oceanic circulation.
Researchers at University of Missouri-Columbia discovered that the region's record-warm February and March were linked to a similar La Niña climate pattern in 1889. This finding could help scientists develop more accurate weather prediction models by understanding the variability within climate patterns.
Zacharie Tchoundjeu, a forestry conservationist in Cameroon, and Martha Ruiz Corzo, an environmental activist in Mexico, win the National Geographic/Buffett Award. They are recognized for their outstanding work in conservation and community-based management of protected areas.
Researchers use JILA's frequency comb to measure concentrations of reactive molecules in air streams, capturing complex chemical reactions and optimizing sterilization techniques. The system achieves high-level disinfection without liquid chemicals or high temperatures.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Health System discovered that digoxin, a centuries-old heart drug, enhances the body's natural protection against high blood pressure and heart failure. By activating RGS proteins, digoxin may improve survival rates in patients with congestive heart failure.
A new study confirms cougars are re-populating their historical range across the US Midwest. The research reveals cougar populations have spread from Texas to Ontario and Manitoba, with males traveling long distances.
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center detected a new solar active region, AR1504, which fired off two M-class flares and two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on June 13-14, 2012. The CMEs are traveling towards Earth at speeds of 375 and 800 miles per second.
Researchers identified a simplified fruit fly gene that splits into two complex human genes playing roles in cancer and birth defects. This split made studying the genes easier, providing unique insights into massive human MLL2 and MLL3 genes.