A study published in Open Medicine found that Ginkgo Diterpene Lactone Meglumine (GDLM) improves cognitive function in patients who recently experienced an acute ischemic stroke. The treatment showed anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects, reducing inflammation and coagulation markers.
The European Union has launched the €5.5 million SEA-Quester project to investigate carbon cycling in novel marine polar ecosystems due to climate change. The project aims to improve understanding of 'polar blue carbon' through field observations, remote sensing, and modelling.
A comparative study assesses options for mass production of perovskite solar cells, revealing the potential of vacuum-based processes. Vacuum vapor-phase deposition outperforms solvent-based manufacturing in terms of energy costs and material efficiency.
Resmetirom, a new medication, has been approved to treat metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a more advanced stage of MASLD characterized by liver inflammation and scarring. The drug was shown to improve fibrosis and reduce disease progression in patients with MASLD.
Researchers have developed a new approach to induce chiral response in non-Hermitian systems by exploring open evolution trajectories. Chiral conversion between localized modes is demonstrated, enabling high-efficiency transmission and relaxation of fabrication requirements.
An experimental study on over 6,000 unvaccinated individuals in Europe reveals that people perceive less risk of contagion when wearing masks and meeting in open spaces. The study highlights the importance of improving behavioral aspects of health policies and public health literacy.
Researchers have pioneered a novel approach to heal diabetic wounds faster and more effectively than ever before. Exosomes from hypoxic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells contain the potent molecule miR-4645-5p, which significantly boosts wound healing by targeting the MAPKAPK2 pathway.
Rockefeller University researchers have discovered a new way to target the oncogene behind a rare and often deadly liver disease using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The approach involves delivering siRNAs inside fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC) cells through a surface receptor, blocking the oncogene from producing illnes...
Researchers at RIKEN found that gut bacteria, particularly Bifidobacterium, are associated with higher chances of successful milk-allergy treatment. However, only 7 out of 28 children who underwent oral immunotherapy passed the food challenge after a two-week milk avoidance period.
A landmark issue explores strategies for promoting gender equality in academia, enhancing rigor in the study of sex-related variables, and supporting transgender researchers. The special content discusses the past, present, and future of research on sex and gender.
The FRONTIERS residency program received 33 applications from science journalists interested in a three to five month research residency in the EU or associated country. Applications will be evaluated by a committee and results announced in May 2024.
Scientists have developed an engine that efficiently converts energy from water evaporation into electricity, producing outputs exceeding 100 volts. The device can operate for several days using only 100 milliliters of water as fuel.
A study found that companies with top management from Shiga Prefecture exhibited better environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performances. The Sanpo-yoshi values promoted inclusivity and elevated ESG metrics, suggesting a global standard for responsible business practices.
A recent study in the Journal of Dairy Science found that training dairy cows with positive reinforcement can improve their emotional state and overall welfare. The researchers trained Holstein dairy heifers using food rewards and observed increased anticipatory behaviors and play, indicating a positive experience for the animals.
A new study has revealed that burn injuries significantly alter the composition of the gut microbiota and weaken the intestinal mucus barrier. The research, published in Burns & Trauma, employed advanced sequencing techniques to analyze the effects of burn injury on the gut microbiota and mucus barrier in mice.
Researchers have discovered new genetic mechanisms related to spinocerebellar ataxia type 37, a rare neurological disorder that affects balance and movement. The study employed advanced techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and machine learning to uncover the disease's underlying causes.
Researchers at Leibniz-HKI deciphered the function of Candidalysin's unusual protein structure, which reduces pathogenicity and opens up new treatment options. Nanobodies neutralize the toxin, blocking its activity and inhibiting tissue damage.
Researchers discovered novel compounds in shrimp by-products offering promising health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-aging properties. The study highlights the potential of converting seafood waste into valuable health-promoting agents, promoting sustainable seafood processing.
A study found that high schools prioritize 'what' and 'how' of college access over the 'why' and future ambitions. Students struggled to envision their lives after graduation, with many lacking a clear plan for a future career.
A team of researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to enhance the nutritional profile and flavor of fungi, creating a new source of plant-based food alternatives. The modified fungi produce heme and ergothioneine, which can improve cardiovascular health benefits.
Researchers at the University of Rochester are developing a multimodal, non-invasive method to study the brain's physiology and reduce neurological issues associated with ECMO therapy. The technique uses electroencephalography, diffuse correlation spectroscopy, and evoked potentials to monitor blood flow and neural activity in the brain.
Tohoku University researchers linked ignition and deflagration in a combustion system, unlocking new configurations for stable, efficient combustion engines. The theory reveals the existence of additional steady-state solutions that are possible when considering autoignitive reaction waves.
Researchers at the University of Bergen have identified a new gene linked to primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), a rare neurodegenerative condition. The discovery provides new insight into how brain calcifications occur and may help explain the development of dementia.
Researchers have created a novel method to control long-chain branching in polyethylene under solution-phase conditions, producing a plastic with properties similar to LDPE. The new approach uses dual-chain catalysts and is industrially viable, offering a more sustainable alternative to traditional high-pressure synthesis processes.
Scientists have created a new approach for treating tendon-bone injuries by combining manganese silicate nanoparticles with cells to create an immunomodulatory scaffold. This innovation promotes integrated regeneration and functional recovery in patients, offering a promising solution for improving life quality.
Researchers at Duke University have determined the theoretical fundamental limit for how much electromagnetic energy a transparent material with a given thickness can absorb. This finding has practical implications for applications such as stealth technology and wireless communications.
Scientists have successfully tested novel gene therapies in a whole human liver, opening up new avenues for treating life-threatening inherited diseases. The use of a normothermic liver perfusion system enables accurate testing of gene therapeutics directly in the clinical target organ.
UW researchers developed a coding class combining cultural research and embroidery, increasing student engagement and diversity. The method uses Turtlestitch coding language and computational embroidery machine.
Direct-to-consumer microbiome testing services claim to reveal a person's 'healthy' microbiome, but researchers argue that there is no scientifically agreed-upon definition and no clinical proof of effectiveness. The authors call for federal regulation and standards for analytical validity, reporting, and comparative testing.
A new study suggests that targeting LTA4H improves the tumor immune microenvironment and increases sensitivity to cisplatin therapy in ovarian cancer. High expression of LTA4H indicates poor prognosis and is associated with decreased CD8+ cell infiltration.
Researchers linked red/processed meat consumption to increased colorectal cancer risk, highlighting two genetic markers (HAS2 and SMAD7) that alter cancer risk levels based on meat intake. The study analyzed data from nearly 70,000 people and found a 30-40% increased risk for those with high red or processed meat intake.
A recent study by Lonneke Roelofs from Utrecht University suggests that debris flows on Mars can be driven by evaporating CO2 ice, not just liquid water. This new understanding pushes the presence of water on Mars further back in time, making it less likely for life to have existed.
Scientists will study neutrinos to solve big questions about the universe. UTA is building portions of two detectors in South Dakota and training students to help with the project.
A study found that media coverage of Katherine Johnson's death emphasized her exceptional mathematical skills but downplayed the ongoing racism and sexism she faced in NASA and society. The research highlights how journalists often focus on a person's achievements without critically examining systemic inequalities.
A Duke University-led study suggests that targeting disadvantaged neighborhoods for dementia prevention programs could help lower dementia risk. People living in poorer neighborhoods show early signs of cognitive decline and have measurably poorer brain health as early as age 45, regardless of their own personal income or education.
A new study led by Karolinska Institutet reveals the mechanism of sperm entry into the egg, explaining how mutations in egg coat proteins cause female infertility. The research also suggests potential implications for non-hormonal contraceptives.
A new study published in the journal Stroke found that African American veterans with PTSD had a significantly higher risk of re-hospitalization after a stroke compared to those without PTSD. This was not observed among white veterans. The study highlights the importance of targeted care for high-risk populations and reducing modifiabl...
Researchers have developed a lead-selenide-based material that improves thermoelectric efficiency without using scarce tellurium. The new material's performance surpasses existing tellurium-based thermoelectric materials in both cooling and electrical conductivity.
The UC3M study highlights the need to address structural discrimination and promote person-centered care models. It emphasizes the importance of considering people in need as subjects of rights and promoting social participation and inclusion in the community.
A potentially fatal parasite has been discovered in the Colorado River in California, affecting dogs and causing liver and intestinal illness. Researchers confirm the presence of Heterobilharzia americana, a flatworm that can be transmitted through snails and water, highlighting the need for awareness and precautions among dog owners.
A recent study highlights how Kurdish uprisings have led to increased expressions of Kurdish identity through protests and commemorations. The research also notes the historical erasure of Kurds in mainstream Iranian media and its ongoing impact on the community.
A new AI model, called Lars, can accurately detect signs of lymph node cancer in 90% of cases, reducing workload for radiologists and increasing access to healthcare. The model was developed using a large dataset of over 17,000 images from 5,000 patients and is based on deep learning technology.
Researchers developed a synthesis method for white LEDs in halide perovskites, achieving sufficient blue emission and improving stability. By doping metal ions into the material, they created crystals that emit white light with tunable color.
A study by Linköping University found that a daily intake of liquorice containing 100mg glycyrrhizic acid raised blood pressure by an average of 3.1mmHg in young healthy people. This effect was seen in all participants, but the most sensitive individuals showed increased fluid volume and heart workload.
A new excitation method called transient stimulated Raman scattering (TSRS) has been developed to achieve natural-linewidth-limit spectral lines with sub-mM sensitivity. TSRS uses broadband femtosecond laser pulse trains to manipulate vibrational wave packets in the time domain, enabling high-density Raman probes and barcode imaging.
A review published in Intelligent Computing outlines the strengths of automatic approaches to designing metaheuristics, which can lead to more successful outcomes and reduce redundant, metaphor-based algorithms. The authors encourage research that relies on automatic design, utilizing modular software frameworks and configuration tools.
A study by King's College London found that lonely 12-year-olds are more likely to be out of education and employment, and consider themselves less employable. The researchers suggest addressing loneliness in early adolescence could yield economic benefits through increased productivity.
A Stanford University research team has developed a potential new anti-coronavirus drug that binds more tightly and durably than current treatments like Paxlovid. The compound, ML2006a4, performed well in preclinical experiments against SARS-CoV-2 variants that have evolved resistance to Paxlovid.
Research team identifies seismic signature of individual songs and determines strength of each song's tremor, finding that audience movement, not music, was the primary source of harmonic tremors. The study also compares data from Swift's LA concert to other Summer 2023 SoFi concerts.
Researchers at KIST have developed a novel stem cell therapy to treat critical limb ischemia, increasing blood flow and preventing tissue necrosis. The new material uses collagen microgels to support stem cells, improving cell viability and angiogenic potential.
The T2oFu method offers a new approach to quantitative phase and polarization-sensitive tomography, enabling high-contrast images of muscle fibers with implications for diagnosing skeletal myopathies. The technique has been successfully tested on heart tissue samples with cardiac amyloidosis, providing promising results.
A study by Cancer Research UK reveals that mortality rates have dropped by 37% in men and 33% in women, with significant reductions in cervical cancer and lung cancer. However, cancer cases are on the rise overall, and researchers warn of an immense challenge ahead to maintain progress.
A study by PLOS reveals that climate change has significantly increased crop water demand in the San Joaquin Valley since 2011. The shift is substantial, with water usage equivalent to a major reservoir.
A chemical tool was developed to manipulate liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) reversibly and dynamically within living cells. The compound pairs BI-3802 and BI-3812 can readily modulate LLPS of fused proteins, enabling the study of their functions in vivo.
A study reveals significant improvements in European air quality over the last two decades, with declining levels of PM10 and NO2. However, 98.10% of the population lives in areas exceeding WHO recommended levels for PM2.5, leading to 86.34% experiencing unclean air days annually.
Researchers have identified two new proteins critical for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia development, leading to potential treatments and a clinical trial. The study's findings could lead to the development of targeted therapies for the aggressive disease.
A new study reveals that marine heat waves disrupt the ocean food web in the northeast Pacific Ocean, shifting energy and impacting predators and prey. Gelatinous zooplankton thrive during heat waves, drawing energy out of the ecosystem and potentially affecting fish and marine mammals.
A new study by UArizona Health Sciences researchers found that sleep disturbances increase the vulnerability to migraine attacks. Improving sleep health may decrease the likelihood of migraine attacks in people with migraine. The study used preclinical mouse models and found no link between migraine-like pain and disrupted sleep.
Research finds a nearly 40% decline in respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) in Krakow, Poland, following policy changes targeting coal emissions. This improvement translates to substantial benefits for children's outcomes, including fewer asthma cases and better birth outcomes.
Scientists from TIFRH successfully generate MeV temperature electrons at a fraction of the previously thought necessary laser intensity. The technique uses two laser pulses to create tiny explosions in microdroplets and accelerate electrons to megaelectronvolt energies.