A new study by Rutgers Health and other universities found that the US maternal death rate is likely being overestimated due to flawed surveillance methods. The true rate is estimated to be around 10 deaths per 100,000 live births, nearly half of the CDC's reported figure.
Christiana Wang, a second-year PhD candidate, has been awarded the prestigious award for her platform presentation on antisense oligonucleotide therapy for a dominant negative SPTAN1 pathogenic variant. Her research aims to develop individualized therapy for treating rare genetic disorders.
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have created a highly stretchable sensor that can monitor and transmit plant growth information without human intervention. The sensor is resilient to humidity and temperature and can send a wireless signal to a remote monitoring location.
Researchers explore subduction initiation process with varying geological records, proposing two contrasting regimes: hot and cold. High-temperature ophiolites and metamorphic sole are characteristic of hot subduction initiation, while cold subduction zones lack these records.
The Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials has developed a high-temperature steam sterilization-type medical waste treatment system capable of processing 100 kg/h. This technology can eliminate the risk of infection during loading and transportation processes, saving hospitals KRW 71.8 billion annually.
Scientists used a new method to analyze zircon minerals, providing insight into the oxidation state of crustal magmatism and the supercontinent cycle. The study found that the redox state of magmas rose at 3.5 billion years ago, followed by a consistent average oxidation state over the last 3 billion years.
A team of researchers developed a time-optimal control method for autonomous ships, optimizing maneuvering performance in dynamic sea conditions. The new control system accounts for various forces affecting ship movement and can improve efficiency and safety, reducing shipping costs and carbon emissions.
Researchers created a first-of-its-kind super minigene to study the Survival Motor Neuron 2 (SMN2) gene, which causes spinal muscular atrophy. The compact model allows scientists to see how changes play out across the entire gene expression process.
A new study by the University of Liverpool and international partners found that the summer solstice acts as a celestial cue to synchronize beech tree reproduction across vast distances in Europe. This synchronization has significant consequences for ecosystems, including disruptions in food webs and wildlife populations.
Researchers have discovered a way to stick hard and soft materials together using electricity, forming chemical bonds that can be easily reversed. This electroadhesion effect could enable the creation of biohybrid robots and improve biomedical implants.
A study in São Paulo's central area found that poor wood condition, sidewalk root constriction, and drastic pruning are major predictors of urban tree failure. The researchers propose guidelines for stakeholders to reduce the number of failures, which average 2,000 per year.
A new study published in the Journal of Business Ethics found that team-based reward systems can lead to employees remaining silent when witnessing unethical behavior from fellow team members. The research suggests that these systems can create an environment where undesirable behavior is suppressed, making it less likely to be reported.
Researchers at UNIST have unveiled a new principle of motion in liquid crystals, where objects can move in a directed manner by changing their sizes periodically. The discovery has far-reaching implications for the development of miniature robots and advances research in complex fluids.
Researchers develop new assessment method to evaluate post-editing effort of machine translations, highlighting the importance of human translators in the process. The study suggests complementing automated systems with a new program to choose tools that increase translation efficiency.
Melissa A. Kelly, MS, CGC, receives the 2024 ACMG Foundation Carolyn Mills Lovell Genetic Counselor Award for her platform presentation on integrating genomic medicine into healthcare. Her work exemplifies the importance of genetic counselors in clinical research and improving genetic services to populations.
The roadmap outlines six themes focusing on technical capacity, products and production methods that capitalize on engineering biology to reduce carbon intensity. It aims to limit harmful anthropogenic impacts, enable adaptation to climate change and create sustainable alternatives.
Researchers at Stanford have created skin-like integrated circuits that are five times smaller and operate at one thousand times higher speeds than earlier versions. These soft electronic devices can drive a micro-LED screen and detect Braille arrays with high sensitivity.
A randomized clinical trial of 345 patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 found that viral load and symptom rebound were common after a standard 5-day course of antiviral treatment. Prolonging treatment duration may help reduce COVID-19 rebound
Researchers at UC Irvine and NASA found that warm ocean water beneath the ice is causing accelerated melting of Petermann Glacier in northwest Greenland. The study predicts that potential sea level rise will be much worse than previously estimated, with melt rates highest near the mouth of the grounding zone cavity.
Researchers developed a computer model that accurately diagnoses pulmonary hypertension in newborn infants using ultrasound images, suggesting correct diagnosis in 80-90% of cases. The model's success relies on highlighting key characteristics, allowing doctors to understand the criteria used for decision-making.
Researchers discovered that astronauts without prior headache history experienced migraine and tension-type headaches during extended space missions. The study of 24 astronauts showed a significant increase in headaches during space flight compared to pre-flight reports.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have developed a novel approach to identify cancer-causing repeats in DNA sequences, enabling non-invasive detection and monitoring of cancers. The ARTEMIS method uses machine learning to analyze cell-free DNA and distinguish between tumor and normal tissues with high accuracy.
Brazilian researchers create a nickel phosphide electrode that efficiently produces hydrogen through water molecule breakdown. The material's granular structure enables good interaction with the electrolyte, making it suitable for alkaline, neutral, and acidic conditions.
A new study challenges the prevailing view on maternal mortality rates in the US, finding stable rates between 1999-2002 and 2018-2021. The researchers used a more accurate approach to identify and classify maternal deaths, refuting the idea of dramatic increases.
Researchers have successfully created a transgenic cow capable of producing human insulin in its milk. This breakthrough could lead to the mass production of insulin without the need for complex facilities or infrastructure. With further testing and FDA approval, this technology has the potential to revolutionize insulin production and...
A team of international scientists has developed an effective treatment for preventing infection in chronic wounds that does not involve antibiotics. The new method involves the plasma activation of hydrogel dressings, producing a unique mix of chemical oxidants that are effective in decontaminating and aiding healing.
A Photovoice project documented the lives of Seattle-area pet owners experiencing homelessness, revealing the benefits of human-animal bonds on mental and physical health. The study also identified barriers to services and recommendations for improved policies.
Researchers found that secreted products from certain bacteria strains can reduce inflammation in gut-derived cell lines and improve airway health in mice with cystic fibrosis. The study suggests probiotics could be beneficial for kids with CF, providing a potential proof of concept.
Researchers have introduced a more efficient processing technique that enables scalable fabrication of custom microscale particles for applications in drug delivery, microelectronics, and abrasives. This process, called roll-to-roll CLIP, achieves unprecedented fabrication rates while preserving high resolution.
The Tibetan Plateau's pre-Cryogenian sedimentation records reveal the formation and evolution of early supercontinents. The study found three basement types: Tarim-, Yangtze-, and Lhasa-type, with distinct characteristics.
A University of Arizona-led study explores sulfur's significance in the emergence of life on Earth, shedding light on its possible role as an RNA precursor. The research suggests that sulfur's reactivity could have hindered its availability for origin-of-life chemistry.
Scientists use machine learning algorithms to model atomic masses of nuclide chart, complementing research on nuclear structure and astrophysical processes. The approach enables physics-based extrapolations and provides information on 'missing physics'.
A study by University of Barcelona researchers reveals that TDP-43 protein is essential for forming stable blood vessels and maintaining the blood-brain barrier, which prevents toxins from reaching the central nervous system. Deficiency in this protein leads to vascular defects and neuroinflammation.
A recent study by Boston Children's Hospital researchers found that activity in the dentate gyrus helps keep us focused on our environment when our mind wanders. This neural activity also aids in forming memories.
Astronomers identify complex organic molecules like ethanol and acetic acid in icy compounds surrounding two young protostars. These ingredients may have been delivered to the primitive Earth and could be part of comets and asteroids that collide with forming planets.
Researchers deciphered a novel process helping viruses choose to be nasty or friendly to their host bacteria. Phages use the bacterial immune system to make decisions, activating violent mode when necessary.
A research team at the University of Cologne has identified mechanisms governing drug response in small cell lung cancer. The study reveals that large populations of treatment-sensitive cells often hide numerous therapy-resistant cells that can multiply unchecked after successful treatment.
The college will investigate the harmful effects of alternative tobacco products, exploring their toxicity and addictiveness. The funding supports a trio of studies led by the Center for Research on Tobacco and Health, which aims to inform better regulation and improve public health.
A new study finds that individuals who received therapy for anxiety prior to the COVID-19 pandemic did not experience an increase in anxiety symptoms during its peak. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) provided tools to manage symptoms, according to researchers.
Thirty-three young investigators under 45 were selected for their work on bio-inspired nanomaterials with applications in clean energy, human healthcare, monitoring, and disease treatments. The NR45 Awards recognize young researchers for their distinguished accomplishments and potential contributions to nanoscience and nanotechnology.
The ACMG Foundation for Genetic and Genomic Medicine has presented seven Next Generation fellowship awards to promising early career professionals in medical genetics and genomics. The recipients include Xueyang Pan, Bianca Seminotti, and Adriel Yejin Kim, who will support their research projects with corporate donations from Pfizer, S...
Researchers used VHR satellite imagery to monitor emperor penguin global population trends, finding nearly 10% fewer birds in 2018 compared to 2009. This new monitoring methodology could help with adaptive conservation management efforts and provide insights into the causal factors behind the population trend.
A new study predicts that climate change will lead to a significant reduction in natural snow cover days globally, with popular ski hubs moving to remote areas. The European Alps, Australian Alps, and Japanese Alps are expected to experience the most decline, threatening local livelihoods and ecosystems.
Early trial results from six patients with recurrent glioblastoma show reduced tumor sizes after administering dual-target CAR T cells targeting EGFR and IL13Rα2 intrathecally. This 'dual-target' approach may outsmart the defense systems of GBM, leading to more effective therapies.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a novel approach to target group 3 medulloblastoma tumors in mice, reducing tumor growth by 40-50% and extending survival by up to 84 days. The therapy uses antisense oligonucleotides to block lnc-HLX-2-7 from binding to the HLX promoter region.
The initiative's programs help K-12 educators address difficult issues like racism through trauma-informed and asset-based practices. Researchers published their work in three peer-reviewed journals, highlighting the effectiveness of inquiry-based approaches for teachers' professional learning.
Researchers have demonstrated novel proteins that can efficiently reach intramembrane targets using a customized computer-based approach. The study yields a general computational process for streamlining protein design aimed at intramembrane targets, opening up possibilities for therapeutic applications and understanding signaling mech...
Cranfield University has secured over £25 million to establish two new Centres for Doctoral Training, focusing on advancing water security and net zero aviation. The centres will equip students with high-level skills and technologies to drive positive change in these critical areas.
A study published in Neurology found that middle-age veterans who experienced concussions from blasts had lower levels of amyloid-beta in their spinal fluid, a potential marker for Alzheimer's disease. The study also linked lower spinal fluid amyloid levels to poorer performance on memory and thinking tests at older ages.
A pioneering approach produces high-performance polyamides from sugar cores derived from agricultural waste, with impressive atom efficiency and recyclability
Researchers at HKU made a significant breakthrough in understanding the role of the secretin hormone in regulating energy metabolism and bone homeostasis. They found that secretin plays a vital role in controlling both appetite and bone density, challenging traditional views of its primary function.
A study published in The BMJ found a modest rise in UK cancer cases among men and women aged 35-69 years over the last quarter century, but a substantial decline in deaths. The researchers attribute the decline to factors such as reduced smoking rates, improved screening programs, and better treatment options.
Spending time with dogs increases alpha-band oscillations, associated with relaxed wakefulness, and beta-band oscillation strength, linked to heightened concentration. Participants reported reduced fatigue, depression, and stress after dog-related activities.
A study by Washington State University found that exposure to multiple air pollutants was associated with asthma symptoms among elementary school children. The researchers identified 25 combinations of air pollutants linked to asthma, with one group from a lower-income neighborhood experiencing higher exposure levels.
Adolescents with high adverse childhood experiences showed improved mental health scores with in-person schooling and engaging in healthy behaviors. Positive affect and lower perceived stress were significantly higher among those with in-person schooling, suggesting a protective factor.
Research at the University of Washington School of Medicine found that veterans who suffered mild traumatic brain injuries from blasts had changes in spinal fluid proteins similar to those seen in people with Alzheimer's. The study suggests a possible link between mTBI and an increased risk of developing dementia.
A single mindfulness and compassion session significantly reduced symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress in participants one week later. The study, conducted on 91 individuals, demonstrated the efficacy of a single session mindfulness-based intervention.
A Dartmouth Engineering-led study discovered a new high-performance solar absorber material that is stable and earth-abundant. The researchers used a unique high-throughput computational screening method to evaluate approximately 40,000 candidate materials, leading to the discovery of the Zintl-phosphide BaCd2P2.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz have demonstrated altermagnetic electronic band splitting associated with spin polarization in CrSb, a good conductor at room temperature. The magnitude of this splitting is extraordinary and promises electronic applications for altemagnets.
Researchers discovered that plant immune proteins condense into droplets to become activated and protect against infections. Phase separation plays a crucial role in the activation of TIR domain proteins, a class of important immune receptors.