A study published in Nature Communications found that the fastest animals are medium-sized, like cheetahs, due to a physical limit imposed by muscle contraction speed and shortening. This sweet spot size of around 50kg enables animals to reach speeds of up to 65 miles per hour
A Kyoto University research group developed RENGE, a computational model to estimate gene regulatory networks in multicellular organisms. The method measures time-series gene expression and uses the proprietary model to infer regulatory dynamics.
The TR-ARPES technique has rapidly matured into a powerful tool for exploring the equilibrium and dynamical properties of quantum materials. Researchers can now fine-tune electronic, transport, and magnetic properties of quantum materials on demand using light-matter interaction.
Researchers at Aarhus University have found a way to spot Alzheimer's disease before it develops into dementia using an advanced blood test analysis. The study suggests that activating the body's immune system at an early stage of the disease may slow down its progression.
A study published in PNAS reveals that increased concentration of lysolipid can cause severe impacts on lung inflation, leading to respiratory distress. The research identifies frequency dependence and proposes a way to tailor treatment processes for each patient.
A new study confirms that giraffes have extensive gene flow among their lineages, indicating a 'reticulated' network of evolutionary history. This challenges the traditional view that high genetic differentiation is a sure sign of speciation.
Researchers have developed a novel methodology to measure entropy production in single red blood cells, finding an elusive rate of 10^-15 calories per second. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding metabolism and energy transduction in living systems.
Researchers found associations between prenatal vitamin and metal exposures and epigenetic aging biomarkers in early life. A one standard deviation increase in essential metals was associated with lower Horvath EAA at birth, while arsenic was linked to greater EAA at birth and in childhood.
A new study published in Proceedings B of the Royal Society found that every injury from rope entanglements impacts North Atlantic right whale population recovery. Modelling data shows female whales who get tangled in fishing gear are less likely to calve, potentially leading to extinction.
A recent study by the University of Bonn and TU Munich found that banners with information on animal welfare had no effect on purchasing decisions in a virtual supermarket. Researchers invited test subjects to shop in a simulated environment, but even prominent labeling did not change buying behavior.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that combining air purifiers with scheduled window openings can significantly improve classroom air quality. The study showed that coarse particle pollution fell by up to 36% and carbon dioxide levels decreased by up to 28%.
A University of Kansas study reveals that rice paddy snakes in Southeast Asia diversified after the Khorat Plateau rose, driven by environmental factors. The research uses molecular data and ecological niche modeling to shed light on the snakes' evolution and habitat suitability.
A recent study found that self-reported falls and prior falls increase fracture risk more significantly in men than women. The meta-analysis recommends integrating previous falls into FRAX algorithms to enhance predictive accuracy and improve patient outcomes for both men and women.
Research by Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that increased stiffness in aging skin contributes to higher rates of melanoma metastasis by stimulating blood vessel growth and making them leaky. Treating older mice with drugs blocking ICAM1 prevented these changes, shrinking tumors and reducing metastasis.
Historian Dr. Sean Lang suggests that Trump's style of government is an attempt to transform the United States from a democratic presidential system into a monarchy. The talk will examine how republics and their systems can morph into monarchies, with a focus on the US Presidential election.
Researchers discovered T1-spanin's exceptional capability to penetrate bacterial defenses and effectively kill nearly 120 strains. A novel phage-based technology delivers T1-spanin genes into target bacteria, providing a potential solution for tackling drug-resistant pathogens.
A study estimates that global ecosystems provide USD 112-197 trillion to the economy, with forests and wetlands accounting for nearly 80% of this value. Strong synergies are found among oxygen release, climate regulation, and carbon sequestration services, while trade-offs occur between flood regulation and other services.
A nationally representative US survey found appreciable Δ8-THC use prevalence among adolescents. States without marijuana legalization or existing Δ8-THC regulations have higher prevalence rates, highlighting the need for surveillance and policy efforts.
Suprina Shrestha, a UT Arlington graduate student, has been awarded the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Fellowship from the International Atomic Energy Agency. The fellowship aims to support women in studying nuclear-related subjects and will provide financial assistance for her research in isotope hydrology.
Researchers found a rich find of evidence, including 75 fossil tracks and tree stumps, indicating a riverine or delta setting for dinosaurs. The discovery suggests the region received approximately 70 inches of precipitation annually during the mid-Cretaceous Period.
Researchers have discovered that a tiny disturbance in a fluid system can amplify into large-scale patterns of randomness, making it difficult to predict turbulent flows. This phenomenon, known as spontaneous stochasticity, occurs regardless of the initial disturbance and has implications for weather forecasting and astrophysics.
Scientists developed a novel solvatochromic probe to study lipid membrane fluidity and its correlation with cellular functions. The new dye offers exceptional stability, low toxicity, and fluorescent properties, allowing real-time visualization of lipid membrane order during complex processes.
Researchers developed a single-laser direct writing method to create multiple materials, including silver and graphene, with high sensitivity and stability. The technique utilizes photo-thermal conversion to synthesize materials with desired morphologies and structures.
Scientists discovered a 2.4-million-year cycle linking Mars and Earth orbits to changes in deep-sea currents. This cycle affects global warming patterns, with increased solar radiation causing warmer climates and more vigorous ocean circulation.
A new study from Uppsala University found that women with germ cell tumors have a significantly lower five-year survival rate (85.2%) compared to men (98.2%). The researchers suggest that concentrating patients in fewer hospitals and using treatment strategies for testicular cancer could improve survival rates and reduce side effects.
Research reveals that rapid-range shift in fish populations is often a sign of impending decline. The study analyzed data from over 2,500 species and found that those shifting at high velocities show marked declines, while core range populations remain relatively stable.
A new traffic signal concept, known as the 'white phase,' uses autonomous vehicles to expedite traffic flow at intersections. The concept has been shown to improve travel time for both pedestrians and vehicles, especially when autonomous vehicles make up a higher percentage of traffic.
A study of 69 people across 12 teams found that prioritizing individual needs over team wellbeing can lead to burnout, while prioritizing team needs at the expense of individual wellbeing increases risk of burnout. Effective communication and reflection are key to striking a balance between individual and team wellbeing.
A simple and robust experimental process for protein engineering uses machine learning models to predict effective proteins for various applications. The method involves binary sorting of cells based on desired traits and sequencing data analysis to identify the best possible protein.
A UMass Amherst study found that government vaccine recommendations can benefit drugmakers like Pfizer, while also increasing vaccine uptake among seniors. However, the study suggests that direct-to-consumer advertising did not lead to a significant reduction in infection and mortality rates from pneumococcal disease.
A new analysis found that nearly all involuntary care home closures in England since 2011 were run for-profit. This raises questions about the role of private providers in exacerbating the sector's crisis. The study suggests that systematic reasons may exist for why enforcement occurs mainly in private for-profit provision.
A new study reveals that gun manufacturers have shifted their marketing strategy to appeal to women, portraying them as responsible and capable gun owners. The study found that the 'serious student' framing became popular between 2016 and 2020, depicting armed American women as pursuing expertise with firearms through focused training.
Research by Queen Mary University of London found that girls with obesity are 1.7 times more likely than those with a healthy weight to have at least one GP consultation for musculoskeletal symptoms or diagnosis in childhood. Knee pain was the most common symptom reported, and researchers hope their findings will raise awareness about ...
Research using historical satellite images shows that methane emissions in Turkmenistan increased following the Soviet Union's collapse, contradicting previous theories. This finding suggests that economic decline led to reduced oversight and more deliberate off-gassing of methane from oil and gas wells.
Researchers discovered two distinct sites on the EBV protein gp42 that can be targeted to prevent infection and cancer. Monoclonal antibody A10 provided nearly complete protection against EBV infection in mice.
A Japanese study published in JACC: Asia found that women with depression are at a greater relative risk of developing heart-related negative health outcomes compared to men. The study identified sex-specific factors contributing to the increased CVD risk and emphasized the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
A study by researchers from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics reveals the interface confinement effect on open space in In2O3-TiO2 catalyst, leading to enhanced activity and stability. The formed InOx nanolayers show distinct chemistry and can be confined on various oxide surfaces.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that people who respond to estimations are more likely to be influenced by their previous answers, a phenomenon known as serial dependence. This could aid research into how information presentation affects human understanding.
A new study finds that reducing CO2 emissions from motor vehicles can bring large benefits to children's health, saving over $82 million annually. The Transportation and Climate Initiative policy framework is proposed to achieve this goal, with significant health co-benefits for vulnerable populations.
A minimal metadata set (MNMS) is established to enable in vivo data reuse and improve the sharing and reproducibility of research data. The MNMS is designed to contribute to making data from living animals compliant with the FAIR data concept, which emphasizes Easy-to-Find, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable data.
A large observational study of 148,000 individuals with ADHD found that initial dispensation of ADHD medication was associated with lower all-cause and unnatural-cause mortality. The association with natural-cause mortality was not significant in this study.
A new study using a combination of traditional and machine learning techniques found a previously unknown theropod species in the famous Kem Kem beds of Morocco. The analysis confirmed the presence of Noasauridae, a rare group of small theropods with long necks.
A new study found that women who enter menopause early experience poorer work ability and reduced working life participation. Healthcare professionals and employers are advised to address menopause symptoms to support women's quality of life and productivity in the workforce.
The Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory has opened a new Quantum Diamond Lab to study plasma processes for creating diamond material with unique properties. Scientists aim to harness this material for quantum computing, secure communication, and precise measurements, enabling breakthroughs in fields like medicine and energy.
Researchers create a technique using prime editing to quickly and easily screen cancer genes, revealing new information on p53 mutations. The method allows for the analysis of over 1,000 different mutations in the tumor suppressor gene p53, which are seen in more than half of all cancer patients.
A study by IB-UNICAMP researchers showed that restoring biodiverse ecosystems can prevent exotic grass invasion, which is hard to eradicate. The study found that higher plant diversity reduces invasion, likely due to competition for resources in the nutrient-poor soil.
A new hypothesis suggests that chronic inflammation is spreading among people at unprecedented rates, affecting cognitive ability to address critical issues. The authors propose a mechanism where the brain creates its own copy of bodily inflammation, leading to impaired cognition, emotion, and behavior.
Researchers discovered that spent brewer's yeast, used in Marmite production, can selectively capture metals from electronic waste streams, recovering over 50% of aluminum, copper, and zinc. The yeast can be reused multiple times, making the process economically feasible.
Duke researchers have developed a new technique to engineer carbon-based semiconductors by wrapping metallic nanotubes in spiral polymers, transforming them into semiconducting forms that can be switched on and off. This method enables the creation of semiconductors that can control electricity with low-energy light wavelengths, openin...
Researchers developed a protein-based vaccine candidate called SpyCage that induces an immune response in rodent models, clearing COVID-19 infections more quickly than controls. The platform has the potential to prevent infection and transmission of respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2 by inducing a mucosal immune response.
A new study shows that hospitals struggle to consistently collect accurate racial and ethnicity data from patients who visit their emergency department multiple times. The findings suggest that nearly a quarter of adult patients and up to 32% of children receive different race or ethnicity designations on subsequent visits, indicating ...
A new study finds that the high burden of typhoid fever in sub-Saharan African countries calls for stronger prevention strategies, including the use and implementation of typhoid conjugate vaccines. The study estimates that there are 12.5 to 16.3 million cases of typhoid every year with 140,000 deaths.
Researchers at Oxford University have discovered a network of ocean currents that scatter coral larvae between remote islands in the Seychelles. This 'coral superhighway' suggests that centrally located reefs may play a crucial role in linking distant islands, supporting regional reef resilience.
Researchers identified a new organelle, MLRO, formed by mitochondrial and lysosomal fusion, which may offer an alternative process to breaking down damaged mitochondria. Understanding MLRO's function could lead to new therapeutic strategies for chronic liver diseases.
A pilot study found that highly satisfying conversations about CPR preferences occurred regardless of the terms used by doctors. Discussions took less than five minutes on average and were satisfactory to participants. The study suggests physicians should ask all patients their code status, regardless of phrasing used.
A new paper published in Global Ecology and Conservation found that pronghorn productivity is declining due to oil and gas development and woody encroachment. The study recommends preemptive management of woody vegetation to ensure sufficient forage for pronghorns, a crucial step in preventing population decline.
A study of 104 patients found that 83.5% had divergent phenotypes, with a significant increase in CYP2D6 poor metabolizers due to phenoconversion. The results highlight the importance of pharmacogenetic testing and personalized treatment approaches in psychiatric care.
A new study identifies ten key components to promote sustainable, equitable, and climate-smart ocean planning initiatives worldwide. The proposed components include foundational principles and operational pathways that aim to support marine managers and planners in developing climate-smart ocean plans.
A new study found that giant sequoias introduced to the UK are well-adapted to the climate, growing at rates close to their native ranges and capturing large amounts of carbon during their long lives. The trees can potentially pull an average of 85 kilograms of carbon out of the atmosphere per year.
Researchers found that spaced learning benefits item memory, but associative memory improves with stability. Variability in content across repetitions affects the timing of spacing effects.