Scientists create a hydrogel system that can remember its shape, allowing them to control cell adhesion behavior. The elastic modulus of the hydrogel is adjusted by compressing it into different thicknesses at high temperatures.
Researchers found that explicitly teaching socioemotional skills in PE lessons can have a key role in supporting students' communication skills, handling stress and accepting failure. This approach can be integrated into everyday teaching to ensure young adolescents enjoy positive outcomes linked to wellbeing and academic success.
A research team developed an anode protection layer to prevent random electrodeposition of lithium, promoting stable 'bottom electrodeposition' and reducing unnecessary consumption. The breakthrough results in all-solid-state batteries with stable electrochemical performance over extended periods using ultrathin lithium metal anodes.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology created a novel catalyst that enhances the efficiency of reactions using contaminated municipal sewage to produce hydrogen. The catalyst, called nickel-iron-oxalate (O-NFF), successfully lowers the voltage required for hydrogen generation and promotes the urea oxidation reaction.
Researchers from Ames National Laboratory identified miassite, a rare mineral, as an unconventional superconductor with properties similar to high-temperature superconductors. The discovery could lead to more sustainable and economical technology using this type of superconductivity.
Researchers have developed a technique to account for global changes in transcription, revealing new insights into how plants respond to environmental stimuli. By using artificial spike-ins, they found that temperature changes at different times of day affect gene expression more significantly than previously thought.
Scientists find that increased Asian aerosol emissions slow the AMOC's movements, reducing solar heating and cooling the Earth's climate. Reducing these emissions can help stabilize the AMOC, according to a study published in Nature Communications.
Researchers found that the Crow instability predicts the number and distribution of hydrogen gas clumps around supernovas, including SN1987A. The study suggests that the same mechanism responsible for breaking up airplane contrails may be at play, creating the 'string of pearls' effect.
A new rapid test for melioidosis uses CRISPR technology to detect the genetic target of Burkholderia pseudomallei with 93% sensitivity. The test can diagnose patients in hours, allowing health professionals to prescribe the correct antibiotics faster and potentially saving lives.
Communications of the ACM has been revamped as a web-first, open-access publication, enabling rapid article publication and enhanced reader experience. The new model aims to increase engagement with the broader computer science community, expand author reach, and showcase cutting-edge ideas and research.
Research by Norwegian University of Science and Technology finds that high-intensity interval training increases breast milk's adiponectin levels, a hormone linked to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This could help prevent childhood obesity.
Researchers at ETH Zurich taught ANYmal, a quadrupedal robot, to perform parkour and navigate rubble using machine learning. The robot uses its camera and artificial neural network to determine obstacles and perform movements likely to succeed based on previous training.
Tufts scientists highlight the overlooked feedback loop between drought, soil desiccation cracking, and carbon dioxide emissions, which could accelerate climate change. The study suggests that soil's 80% carbon storage capacity is releasing increasing amounts of greenhouse gases as droughts trigger cracks in soils.
Researchers from the University of Kent have identified steroid drugs used for hormone replacement therapy that can stop the growth of antibiotic-resistant E. coli and effectively kill MRSA. These findings suggest an alternative to conventional antibiotics, providing a potential solution to the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.
New research shows tirzepatide consistently reduces bodyweight and waist circumference, with greater reductions in participants with longer disease durations. Tirzepatide also achieves higher weight loss targets and reduces waist circumference more significantly than placebo across all disease duration categories.
Researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the effects of APC treatment on AD transgenic mice, revealing alterations in glial cells and upregulated genes associated with AD progression. APC treatment downregulates inflammatory processes and recovers nervous system functions.
A Phase III clinical trial showed that cancer patients who received specialized mental health support experienced lasting improvements in quality of life, reduced pain, depression, and fatigue. The intervention also led to lower risk of cardiovascular disease in family caregivers and substantial cost savings for the healthcare system.
A recent study highlights the negligible impact of waste-to-energy plant emissions on public health in China's Bohai Rim. The research used advanced regression analysis to evaluate the health risks associated with living near WtE plants, finding that levels of pollutants were below international safety thresholds.
A team of researchers from the Medical University of South Carolina has discovered a novel protective response by which the brain naturally repairs itself after traumatic brain injury. Protein p17 plays a crucial role in this process, triggering the restorative mechanism of mitophagy to remove damaged tissue and initiate healing.
The study found that patient outcomes for six critical conditions worsened at urban hospitals, while rural hospitals experienced smaller declines, highlighting the need for tailored strategies to reduce excess deaths in future crises.
A groundbreaking study has uncovered a wealth of previously undocumented biodiversity in southern Africa's South East Africa Montane Archipelago. The research documents over 200 endemic species, including plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, and freshwater crabs.
A new study published in Nature Communications reveals that the Kdm1a protein is essential for preserving neuronal identity, and its loss or natural aging triggers the expression of genes that normally should not be expressed in neurons. The researchers found that eliminating this protein accelerates neuronal aging at an epigenetic level.
A new study found that increases in growth mindset and self-management predict higher math and ELA scores, as well as improved attendance rates comparable to additional days in the classroom. The research evaluated over 49,000 middle school students across four California districts.
The chikungunya virus infects CD14+ CD16+ monocytes and affects proteins holding epithelial cells of the blood-brain barrier together. The study found severe alterations in coagulation cascade, hemodynamic damage in organs, and high levels of inflammatory cytokines.
A study found that maternal obesity increases the risk of developing liver disease and liver cancer in offspring, due to the transmission of an altered gut microbiota. The risk is significantly higher in mice fed a junk food diet, highlighting the importance of microbiome health.
A team of international partners has extended the earliest known human settlement of Curaçao by centuries, adding pieces to the puzzle of pre-Colombian Caribbean history. The study, published in the Journal of Coastal and Island Archaeology, places human occupation on the island as far back as 5735 – 5600 cal BP.
Researchers have discovered distinct characteristics of the lower mantle flow field beneath the Philippine Sea Plate. They found that ancient N-S fast velocity directions exist at depths of 700-900 km and are not related to slab subduction or a mantle plume.
Researchers developed a custom-built, low-cost mesoscope that can adapt to different neuroimaging experiments in live mice and rats. The system offers excellent spatial and temporal resolutions, achieved through its reversible tandem lens configuration, which enables flexible experimentation.
A study from Bentley University's Center for Integration of Science and Industry found that US drug approvals were aligned with the US, but not global, burden of disease. The increasing number of expedited approval programs may make this gap worse, as these programs tend to favor conditions with lower disease burden.
A new study quantifies the significant health impacts of oil and gas flaring in the US, resulting in over 700 premature deaths and 73,000 asthma exacerbations annually. The research highlights the need for stronger controls on emissions from this sector to improve public health and mitigate climate change.
A recent study successfully transferred ECF switches from Escherichia coli to Sinorhizobium meliloti, demonstrating high transferability and functionality across species. The findings suggest that these bacteria could serve as universal hosts for synthetic biology applications.
A survey of healthcare professionals and laypeople found that both groups prioritize saving the greatest number of lives possible, but differ on how to achieve this. The study aims to inform policymakers and improve resource allocation during future health crises.
Researchers at UTEP are developing a movement-based training program to help healthcare providers manage burnout and improve patient outcomes. The program combines elements of art and science, using exercises like breathing techniques and somatic strategies to promote mindful movement and holistic wellbeing.
A study by Penn State researchers identified four distinct sleep patterns, with over half of participants classified as insomnia sleepers or nappers. These suboptimal sleep patterns were linked to a higher likelihood of chronic health conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and depression. The study suggests that promoting healthy s...
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University discovered that each filter recognizes small clusters of images, with sharpened recognition as layers progress. This breakthrough can improve AI performance by reducing latency and memory usage while maintaining accuracy.
Researchers develop novel feature extraction methods for multigraphs to predict shortest path costs, improving airport operations and sustainability. The proposed statistics-based and learning-based approaches show promising results, outperforming traditional exact search algorithms in computational efficiency.
A CABI-led study found that 55-89% of respondents answered correctly about antibiotic risks and safe use. Despite this, certain knowledge gaps remain, posing a significant threat to effective infection treatment.
Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing have streamlined processes and resolved protoplast isolation challenges. Plant systems biology demands innovative approaches to unravel the secrets hidden within plant cells.
A first-of-its-kind study uses gait analysis to detect subtle impairments in older adults with mild cognitive impairment, suggesting curved path walking as a more sensitive detection method. The novel system employs a non-invasive depth camera to record gait and provides detailed information on functional performance.
The REMASS project aims to understand how crises impact resource consumption, sustainability, inequality, and social wellbeing. The team will analyze the adaptability of resource utilization and its impact on social wellbeing through a comprehensive database on society's metabolism.
Researchers have created an ultrablack thin-film coating that absorbs nearly all visible light, enhancing the performance of advanced telescopes and optical systems. The coating, developed using atomic layer deposition, is durable enough to withstand harsh conditions and has been applied to magnesium alloys used in aerospace applications.
A novel S. cerevisiae yeast strain has been successfully developed to selectively overproduce carotenoids, overcoming the challenges of extraction and purification from natural sources. The optimized strain can increase carotenoid output by 5-fold and store carotenoids within the yeast microorganisms.
The Institute for Molecular Science (IMS) is accelerating the development of novel quantum computers based on 'cold (neutral) atom' technology, leveraging expertise from 10 industry partners. The partnership aims to launch a start-up company and develop practical applications of quantum computers by end FY2024.
A recent study found that 11% of 12th-grade students in the US used delta-8 THC, with higher rates in states without cannabis legalization or delta-8 regulations. The survey also showed that delta-8 use was more common in the South and Midwest regions.
Researchers found that people with Parkinson's disease who experience presence hallucinations overestimate the number of people in a room due to a perceptual disorder. The study used virtual reality and robotics to induce presence hallucinations and measure susceptibility, developing an online test for early detection.
A collaborative study found that patients with end-stage renal disease who undergo weight loss surgery can experience significant improvements in BMI, hypertension, and diabetes management. This enhancement of overall health and transplant viability offers hope for previously ineligible patients.
A new project aims to improve the efficiency of livestock operations by utilizing precision farming techniques, including AI-powered monitoring systems. The goal is to optimize feeding behaviors and reduce costs through data-driven insights.
A scoping review of literature found associations between cannabis use and non-cancerous urogenital illnesses like acute kidney injury and urinary retention. However, the data also suggest a therapeutic role of cannabis in certain urological conditions.
Researchers at MIT developed GastroShield, a sprayable gel that prevents bleeding and leakage from weakened gastrointestinal tissues during endoscopic procedures. The gel forms a protective layer that reinforces tissue integrity and promotes healing.
Researchers found that patients recovering from robotic lung surgery do not fully recover even after 90 days, despite common expectations. The study suggests a more thoughtful approach to pre-surgery communication with patients is needed to better understand their recovery experiences.
A meta-analysis by Associate Professor Diana Arabiat found that children born to mothers with pre-existing diabetes have lower mental and psychomotor development scores compared to those without previous exposure. This delay in psychomotor development can be related to numerous risk factors, including premature birth or intrauterine gr...
A study by the University of Surrey highlights the complex challenges faced by the UK's tourism and hospitality industries in managing labour exploitation and modern slavery. The research identifies three major drivers contributing to these risks, emphasizing the need for policymakers and employers to take note of these findings.
Researchers have deciphered trabectedin's precise mechanism of action, revealing its ability to induce persistent DNA breaks in cancer cells. This disruption of the transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) pathway leads to long-lasting DNA breaks that ultimately kill cancer cells.
Researchers have discovered that specific neurons in the thalamus are actively involved in processing cardiac and respiratory signals. This breakthrough understanding of brain-body integration may help characterize how subcortical regions process signals through a functional pathway from internal organs.
A new Centre for Doctoral Training in Diversity in Data Visualization has been funded by £9m to train a diverse generation of research leaders. The centre will focus on upskilling the workforce to harness the benefits of data visualization.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles found significant variation in opioid treatment for critically ill infants across different institutions and geographic regions. The study reports wide variability in opioid prescribing practices, which can impact hospitalization length of stay, healthcare costs, and long-term outcomes.
A novel risk score predicts cardiovascular complications after bone marrow transplant with high accuracy, helping guide patient selection and post-transplant management. Patients with preexisting cardiovascular conditions are more likely to experience long-term complications.
A recent article recommends measuring meaningful outcomes such as pain interference, self-efficacy, and physical functioning to improve the evidence-base for music therapy within sickle cell disease populations. Music therapists can play an important role in chronic pain management by addressing stress, depressed mood, and loneliness.
A single heatwave has been found to damage the fertility of both male and female tsetse flies, with more daughters being born than sons. This effect on fertility is particularly concerning given the increasing frequency and intensity of heatwaves due to climate change.
Researchers have developed a novel 'In−N−Out' strategy to mitigate safety issues in flammable electrolytes. The design allows for high-phosphate-content electrolytes without compromising Li+ insertion at the graphite anode. Excellent ion conductivity is achieved, making it suitable for extended battery application.