A study by University of Córdoba found that people coinfected with SARS-CoV-2 and cytomegalovirus are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease due to premature aging of their immune systems. This risk is higher in individuals who have been vaccinated against COVID-19.
Recent adoption of EVs driven by technological advances, such as increased battery range and faster charging. Improvements have made EVs an attractive option alongside gas-powered cars.
Metabolic and bariatric surgery use among US youth increased significantly from 2020 to 2021, rising by 50% compared to pre-pandemic years. Adults saw a decline in MBS rates during the same period, highlighting shifts in healthcare access and utilization.
Researchers discovered two new psychrophilic species of bacteria with cold-adapted enzymes, which can be used in biotechnology to produce refrigerated foods, improve detergent quality, and remove pollutants from cold environments. The study was conducted in collaboration with Uruguayan scientists and supported by FAPESP.
A phase 3 trial found that extending lymphadenectomy beyond the standard procedure does not reduce disease recurrence or improve survival in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer. Instead, it increases the risk of adverse events and post-surgical death.
Astronomers at MIT and University of Wisconsin have discovered two validated planets, K2-416 b and K2-417 b, in Kepler's last week of high-quality data. The third planet candidate, EPIC 246251988 b, orbits its star every 10 days and is slightly farther away from Earth than the other two.
Research from the University of Georgia found that moving in together is not enough to guarantee joint accounts, with factors like net worth, household growth, and income level playing a significant role. Couples who agree on spending and have open conversations about money are more likely to pool their finances.
Researchers discovered three 4,000-year-old cases of Yersinia pestis in human remains from mass burials in Somerset and Cumbria. The findings indicate the plague may have been easily transmitted across Britain, contradicting previous assumptions that it was brought by fleas.
Researchers analyzed 692,534 race times to find genetic improvement accounts for 60% of speed increase in short-distance races, while heritability is low across all distances. The study suggests weaker selection or other factors limiting genetic progress, particularly over long distances.
A team of international experts has released the first medical protocol for treating individuals exposed to aircraft cabin fumes. The guidance outlines actions for medical staff and airline staff to take in response to contaminated air supply events.
Researchers found that after learning about a couple's break-up, participants perceived the relationship as more obvious and negative. They also reported reinterpreting positive qualities as signs of an impending break-up.
New research from King's College London suggests that many people with depression have an activated immune response, independent of CRP levels. This finding could pave the way for more personalized approaches to treatment and management of MDD.
A large UK case series reveals a predominance of young Asian men among those with nitrous oxide-induced myeloneuropathy, suggesting genetic or social factors. The study found that these patients often experienced severe symptoms such as pins and needles, bladder difficulties, and poor balance.
SourceBMJ Group·JournalJournal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry·TypeObservational study·DateMay 30, 2023
Researchers found volunteering associated with higher odds of excellent health and flourishing in children and adolescents, as well as lower anxiety in adolescents and behavioral problems in children. The study used survey data from across the US to explore the relationship between volunteering and child and adolescent health.
A new study found that obstructive sleep apnea causes widespread changes in gene activity in mice, affecting up to 16% of genes, particularly in lung tissue. The findings may lead to diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, including blood tests tracking dysregulated gene products.
A study suggests that ketamine nasal spray is a convenient alternative to intravenous infusion for treating refractory chronic migraine. The treatment showed promise in reducing daily headaches and improving quality of life, with most participants reporting 'very effective' results.
Researchers found that MALAT1 inhibition decreased BRAF RNA and protein levels, while increasing correlation with MAPK-associated genes. MALAT1-ASO treatment also reduced melanoma cell growth and tumor size in xenograft models.
A global team of scientists found that the recoil of a flexible human foot arch repositions the ankle upright for more effective walking and running. This discovery could help doctors improve treatments for present-day patients' foot problems, while also suggesting therapeutic avenues for people with rigid arches due to injury or illness.
SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 30, 2023
Scientists developed a microfluidic system to study luminal flow around villi in the small intestine, revealing diverse flow behaviors and underlying mechanisms. The device uses air-driven balloon actuators to deform intestinal tissue, generating dynamic flows that can be observed with microscopic fluorescent beads.
A new study emphasizes the need for a more precise definition of circularity beyond metrics and indicators. The researchers propose a product-centric circularity scorecard that captures aspects of a product's environmental sustainability, focusing on production, use, and end-of-life.
Researchers at Uppsala University developed a modified lactic acid bacteria treatment that accelerated wound healing in humans. The study showed improved outcomes and safety with ILP100-Topical, a potential new treatment for complex and hard-to-heal wounds.
Professor Padmanabhan Seshaiyer at George Mason University has received a $34,200 grant to support Program MASTER, a six-week research and learning program in applied mathematics and computational science. The program aims to foster a sense of belonging among students and mentors from across the US.
Researchers at Shinshu University developed high-performance source-shifters using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin, employing inverse design and topology optimization. The optimized structures can reduce the difference between emitted pressure fields to as low as 0.6%, enabling effective acoustic location camouflaging.
A University of Massachusetts Amherst food science major compared the nutritional values of plant-based and dairy yogurts, finding almond milk yogurt has a significantly higher nutrient density. Plant-based yogurts generally have less total sugar, sodium, and fiber than dairy, but less protein, calcium, and potassium.
Two Kessler Foundation scientists will conduct studies on upper extremity exercise after stroke and restoration of cardiovascular function in spinal cord injury populations. Dr. Shenoy Handiru's study combines transcranial electrical stimulation and wearable sensor-based exergaming to improve hand dexterity, while Dr. Einat Engel-Haber...
Researchers propose a deep neural network-based method for calibrating 4-quadrant analog solar sensors, reducing errors by up to 0.25° (3σ). The approach uses cubic surface fitting and deep feedforward neural networks to approximate the actual error model and correct errors effectively.
Researchers have found that stimulating a specific bile acid receptor, FXR, may help prevent retinopathy of prematurity in premature babies. By targeting this receptor, the study aims to develop earlier and more effective treatments to protect their vision.
A recent study of 30,465 adults without a history of heart attack or dementia found that those who experienced an MI had a faster rate of decline in global cognition, memory, and executive function compared to those without an MI. The study suggests that preventing heart attacks may be crucial for maintaining long-term brain health.
The newly discovered Ambulator keanei is an ancient species of diprotodontid marsupial that roamed Australia's arid interior during the Pliocene era. It had unique plantigrade adaptations in its legs and feet, allowing it to efficiently traverse long distances in search of food and water.
Researchers have observed significant directed flow of hypernuclei in heavy-ion collisions, offering a new direction for studying Y–N interactions. The experiment extracted slopes of directed flow of hypernuclei and light nuclei, suggesting a similar mass number scaling.
A study of 1,979 women found that healthy sleep prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic may protect against post-COVID condition. Researchers suggest interventions on sleep health could prevent or alleviate long COVID symptoms.
A low-cost catalyst developed by Argonne National Laboratory can produce clean hydrogen from water at a lower cost, making it an ideal choice for replacing fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The new catalyst uses cobalt instead of expensive iridium, significantly reducing the cost and increasing efficiency.
Researchers found that individuals understood genetic risk scores and reported intentions to reduce their drinking if they had high-risk scores. However, the study's authors caution that receiving genetic feedback is just the first step in behavior change, and connecting individuals to resources and support is crucial.
A new Dartmouth study projects a 52% increase in extreme precipitation events in the Northeast by the end of the century. The region is expected to experience more frequent heavy rainfall events, with winter and spring contributing most to this projected increase.
The British Junior Cardiologists' Association (BJCA) and the British Cardiovascular Society (BCS) have issued a joint policy statement to address bullying, harassment, and discrimination in UK cardiology departments. The statement emphasizes that every team member has a duty to call out inappropriate behaviors to drive culture change.
The James Webb Space Telescope has discovered a massive plume of water vapor on Saturn's moon Enceladus, stretching over 6,000 miles. This finding has significant implications for the search for life beyond Earth, as it suggests that Enceladus may have the necessary ingredients for habitability.
A 15th-century manuscript has shed new light on Britain's famous sense of humor and the role played by minstrels in medieval society. The texts contain rare forms of medieval literature, including a 'killer rabbit' worthy of Monty Python.
A new study found that declines in sexual satisfaction and erectile function are correlated with future memory loss in middle-aged men. The research tracked associations between sex life, cognition, and physical changes in hundreds of men aged 56-68.
Ben-Gurion University researchers have discovered a new principle in optics using the Pacific Cleaner Shrimp, leading to the creation of an ultra-thin and highly efficient whitening material. The study found that the shrimp's unique arrangement of molecules creates birefringent nanospheres with brilliant whiteness.
A new study reveals that the foxes' genetic diversity has decreased over time, potentially jeopardizing their survival and biodiversity on the islands. The findings highlight the importance of long-term monitoring to ensure the foxes' continued survival.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered how the current H5N1 avian influenza virus gained new genes and greater virulence as it spread across North America. The researchers found that the virus could severely infect the brains of mammalian research models, a notable departure from previous related strains.
Researchers are exploring the nature of superconductivity and Fractional quantum Hall (FQH) phases in twisted graphene multilayers. Ghahari will employ novel fabrication techniques and scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy to investigate correlated phenomena.
Researchers have developed a method to generate mid-infrared pulses with dual-wavelength spectral shaping, enabling flexible tunability in both temporal and spectral domains. This allows for enhanced High-Harmonic generation (HHG) control, opening new possibilities for applications such as electron dynamics and light-matter interaction.
Researchers have developed an algorithm that can be used to evaluate measurements at X-ray free-electron lasers, improving the precision of protein film analysis. The new method, called low-pass spectral analysis (LPSA), mitigates errors in protein movement reconstruction, allowing for more detailed information to be extracted from data.
Researchers have confirmed that 107-million-year-old pterosaur bones are the oldest found in Australia, providing insights into these flying reptiles' lives among dinosaurs. The fossils belonged to two different individuals, including a juvenile pterosaur and a larger species with a wingspan over two metres.
Research suggests that windshield washer fluid is a significant source of vehicle-derived pollutants, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can contribute to ozone formation. The study found that the levels of these non-fuel-derived gases will likely remain unchanged even as drivers transition to electric vehicles.
Researchers found genetic similarities among strains of Mycobacterium abscessus that cannot be explained by direct person-to-person transmission. Instead, they suggest the pathogen is acquired from environmental exposures, with implications for hospital precautions and public health.
A study from the University of Bergen reveals that women with a first normal weight offspring and a small second offspring have an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. The research, published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, also found reduced risk if the second offspring was large.
Researchers developed a computational approach to identify causal noncoding variants affecting blood cell trait changes. The study identified 69 mutations impacting transcription factor PU.1 binding, with 51 altering its site, suggesting a link between these variants and disease.
Researchers confirm hydrogen inhalation improves brain function and alleviates pathological damage caused by hindlimb unloading. The study suggests a potential protective measure for astronauts during spaceflight, involving changes in PGC-1α and BDNF expression.
A recent study published in Translational Psychiatry found that obesity significantly increases the likelihood of developing mental disorders, including depression and anxiety, across all age groups. Women were found to be at a higher risk for most diseases compared to men.
Scientists at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology are trialling crushed rock dust to remove large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The Enhanced Rock Weathering project has the potential to boost crop yield while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
A team of astrophysicists and citizen scientists have identified three potentially habitable exoplanets discovered during NASA's Kepler space telescope's final days of operation. The planets, including K2-416 b and K2-417 b, are between the size of Earth and Neptune and orbit their stars closely.
Restoring blue carbon ecosystems like seagrasses and mangroves can remove additional carbon from the atmosphere while combating ocean acidity. This process, known as inorganic carbon capture, is potentially more durable than organic carbon burial.
The ATOM Coalition aims to improve cancer medicine availability and increase the capacity of lower-income countries to diagnose and manage cancer. The coalition prioritizes generic and biosimilar medicines for cancer treatments, targeting countries with high mortality rates.
A new training program for primary care pediatricians significantly reduces wait times for autism screening, making it more accessible to children. The developmentally trained clinicians assess patients in a streamlined referral process, resulting in a decrease in average days to initial developmental assessment.
A new study from Uppsala University found that consuming junk food can lead to shallower deep sleep, which can impact hormonal release and brain activity. The researchers monitored the sleep patterns of healthy participants who followed a healthier diet and an unhealthier diet in a randomised order.
Researchers at Max Born Institute find that ultrafast mid-infrared excitation of electrons in bismuth reduces crystal symmetry, opening new quantum pathways for coherent phonon excitation. This leads to bidirectional atomic motions and oscillations with a frequency different from low-excitation levels.
A University of Tsukuba program aims to enhance medical students' comprehension of social determinants of health. Over three years, student reports showed progressive improvement in their ability to focus on various aspects of SDH. This study emphasizes the need for increased integration between medical and social science education.
CNIO researchers review the anticancer effects of various diets, including caloric restriction, ketogenic diet, and intermittent fasting. They argue that precision nutrition can be used to treat specific cancers based on tumor metabolism and patient characteristics.
Researchers found near-surface wind direction is highly variable over timescales of less than 10 minutes, especially in urban areas. They hypothesize an optimal range of wind speed and environmental surface complexity helps insects locate odor sources.
Researchers studied bivalve evolution during the Cambrian Explosion and found they branched out slowly compared to other groups. The study suggests that the slow start may have been due to the absence of a key adaptation, such as an enlarged gill, which allowed them to filter out plankton from water.
A survey of philosophers found broad agreement with economists on valuing the environment of the future in climate policy. The study suggests a long-term social discount rate of 2%, which is supported by UN climate targets and results in temperature changes of around 1.4◦C by the end of the century.
A new study analyzed data from 286 register office weddings between 1837 and 1901 and found that older couples, particularly those in their 40s, made up a significant proportion of these unions. Many of these marriages were also remarriages, with 16.7% of all marriages being stated as such.
Researchers have discovered molecules in 3,000 diabetic patients that could help predict and monitor disease progression. The study identified 20 biomarkers associated with rapid disease progression, including a protein called NogoR.
A team of scientists has developed an ex vivo gene therapy approach to treat obesity and diabetes in mice by implanting cells expressing the CPT1AM protein, which plays a key role in metabolic diseases. The study shows promising results, reducing weight, fatty liver, cholesterol, and glucose levels in obese mice.
Researchers found that Japanese and Chinese individuals switch from high-context to low-context cultures when communicating with each other. This 'code-switching' phenomenon arises due to substantial intercultural interaction, suggesting a possible emergence of low-context cultural situations.
A New Jersey Institute of Technology research team has been awarded a $4.64 million grant to continue studying the Sun's explosive activity at Big Bear Solar Observatory. The team will use the observatory's unique imaging capabilities and stable seeing conditions to investigate solar phenomenon as activity on the Sun ramps up.
Rice University engineers developed ultraflexible nanoelectrodes that can deliver high-resolution stimulation therapy with minimal scarring and degradation. The devices showed precise spatiotemporal stimulus control, enabling the development of new brain stimulation therapies for patients with impaired sensory or motor functions.
Researchers have discovered that certain soapstone and granite samples from Tanzania are well-suited for storing solar heat, featuring high energy densities and stability. These rocks show promise as a sustainable energy storage material for concentrated solar power generation and solar drying technology.
A team of scientists at DESY has developed a new technique using X-rays to image biological specimens without damaging them. The method, which generates high-resolution images at nanometre resolution, could be used for applications such as imaging whole unsectioned cells or tracking nanoparticles within a cell.
Researchers developed high-performance culture media using machine learning to predict superior medium compositions that yield higher cellular activity. The optimized medium promoted higher cell growth than commercial medium.
Researchers found that boosting vaccine use can reduce lockdown intensity and duration, but the relationship varies based on factors like disease severity and vaccination speed. The study suggests a nuanced approach to balancing lockdowns and vaccinations in future pandemics.
Researchers developed Plasma-grating induced breakdown spectroscopy (GIBS) and Multidimensional plasma grating induced breakdown spectroscopy (MIBS) techniques to overcome LIBS limitations. These novel methods exhibit heightened sensitivity and accuracy in detection, particularly for solution detection.
Alternative gene splicing has been linked to an increased risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD), according to a recent study published in Molecular Psychiatry. The researchers identified 27 exon skipping events that may contribute to AUD risk, opening up new possibilities for finding new therapeutics.
This study explores the developmental regulatory mechanism of limb loss in squamates, finding lineage-specific insertions and deletions that affect limb bud formation genes. The research provides insights into the genetic basis for complex biological traits, contributing to our understanding of phenotypic evolution.
Researchers observe 'social motor entrainment' in macaques, where movements synchronize with others, and find it varies by animal pairs, social hierarchy, and stimulus type. This study provides insights into the neural underpinnings of social cohesion and has implications for understanding human conditions like autism spectrum disorder.
Researchers Dr Joshua Hamey and Professor Marc Wilkins have completely defined the essential cellular process of methylation, emphasizing its role in creating proteins. The study reveals that methylation is crucial for controlling protein synthesis and cell behavior, opening up new avenues for understanding and manipulating this process.
Researchers found that a mutated PDE3A gene prevents kidney damage despite severe hypertension. The study suggests that this mutation could be used therapeutically to prevent chronic kidney disease.
A Marshall University study found that a virtual sex education tool improved reproductive health knowledge scores and measures of self-efficacy among adolescent girls. The online curriculum, www.marshallteentalk.org, was designed to provide accurate and accessible reproductive health information.
A new ankle exosuit designed for community use could help stroke survivors improve their walking propulsion, boost confidence, and ability, according to a proof-of-concept study. The device simplifies mechanical components and allows wearers to control it easily, with sensors tracking progress over time.
A study of 8,269 pediatric patients reveals persistent disparities in central line–associated bloodstream infection rates for Black patients and those who speak a language other than English. Stratifying outcomes to assess for disparities may inform targeted interventions to improve equity.
The Endocrine Society will discuss emerging technology and diabetes research, including a scientific statement on hormones and aging. Researchers will share studies on various aspects of endocrinology, such as PCOS, obesity, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
A team led by Akshay Suresh is searching for periodic signals in the Milky Way's core, which could be a strategic site for an extraterrestrial beacon. The Breakthrough Listen Investigation for Periodic Spectral Signals (BLIPSS) uses novel methodology to sift through data and identify potential evidence of advanced life forms.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine-led team identified protein fragments that stimulate the immune system to recognize and attack HIV. The study's technique, called reductionist cell-free antigen processing, replicates the complex events in the human immune system, enabling the identification of immunodominant epitopes.
A novel 3D-NAND-based content addressable memory (CAM) design offers ultra-high density and low power consumption for data-intensive computing applications. The design achieves a cell density 157 times higher than conventional SRAM-based TCAMs, while consuming less energy per bit search.
Researchers at Monash University have characterized a critical time in mammalian embryonic development using innovative imaging techniques. They discovered how the distribution of RNA subtypes determines what cells will become, with implications for regenerative medicine treatments.
Research reveals that sucrose produced through photosynthesis acts as a signal transmitter for light-dependent root architecture, guiding elongation and lateral root formation. The study demonstrates that sucrose regulates auxin production, driving lateral root development in response to environmental changes.
A new study published in The Neuroradiology Journal introduces an artificial intelligence computer program that can accurately identify changes in brain structure resulting from repeated head injury. This AI tool uses machine learning to process magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and distinguish between the brains of male athletes ...
A team of researchers developed an acoustic metasurface-based holography technique that uses a deep learning algorithm to generate and iteratively improve a hologram of the Mona Lisa. The technique successfully reconstructed the painting, with even greater detail in her left eye.
Researchers argue that technology-based solutions often fall short of addressing human-based challenges to teamwork in healthcare. Integrating insights from organizational science research could reveal useful levers for amplifying teamwork necessary for patient care.
A new study from the University of Kansas emphasizes the importance of including unpaid care work in economic statistics, highlighting women's significant contributions to the economy. The study aims to provide a more complete understanding of labor activity and inform equitable public policy.
Researchers at Linköping University have created a rapid method for measuring the effect of new psychoactive substances, enabling faster narcotics classification. The method was tested on 17 suspected cannabinoid drugs and classified 14 as narcotics.
Researchers have developed an experimental decoy that provides long-term protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice by binding to the virus's spike protein. The treatment was found to be highly effective, with 100% protection against lethal doses of the virus and a significant reduction in viral load.
Researchers at Indian Institute of Science developed a novel thermal desalination system that uses solar energy to produce freshwater. The system is more energy-efficient and cost-effective than traditional methods, and can be adjusted to align with the sun's position during the day.
Researchers at Ohio State University developed an AI framework called G2 Retro to automatically generate chemical reactions for molecules. The framework was shown to cover a vast range of possible reactions and accurately predict the best synthesis routes, offering more efficient drug design options.
A new study published in Earth's Future predicts that adopting sustainable 'no-till' or 'low-till' practices can stop Midwest topsoil loss in its tracks, reducing erosion by 95% over the next 100 years. This could save billions of dollars and mitigate crop productivity losses due to soil erosion.
A team at Penn State has produced high-resolution images of SARS-CoV-2's protease protein and polyprotein complex. The research reveals a consistent order in which the proteins are cleaved, potentially supporting more efficient antiviral drugs.
Two bacteria species, Desulfovibrio aminophilus and Sporomusa sphaeroides, have been found to break down a subgroup of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS, which are persistently harmful in the environment. The discovery offers hope for low-cost biological cleanup of industrial pollutants.