A new nationwide Austrian study found that bone fractures are often part of a complex pattern of multiple conditions, underscoring the need for consistent osteoporosis screening at the time of a fracture. Osteoporosis is not systematically documented for many fracture types, highlighting a diagnostic gap, especially in men.
A new study estimates that by 2100, only 38% of the world's population will live in large cities, with 450 million fewer people projected to reside in cities over a century than current trends suggest. Urban growth slows as countries urbanize, with smaller cities growing faster than larger ones initially.
Researchers developed a new model showing that supply chain disruptions exacerbate systemic risk in the banking sector. The model reveals that supply chain contagion can amplify losses on the interbank market by 70%, posing a major threat to financial stability.
A physics-inspired model suggests that spending above $1.8 million in US House races leads to increased polarization without changing the election outcome. Below this threshold, social dynamics shape outcomes, while higher spending only deepens polarization.
Economic complexity methods analyze global networks to generate rankings according to complexity. A new study resolves the uncertainty surrounding these calculations, showing that they lead to a single stable result, with implications for policy-making and analysis of complex networks
A new study reveals that US industrial research labs played a crucial role in the country's rise as a technological superpower in the 1920s. The labs, which emerged during World War I, shifted from craftsmanship-based to science-based innovation, enabling teamwork and novel technology combinations.
A new monitor tracks the energy transition in Hungary, finding that roughly half of companies increased their share of low-carbon electricity, while others continued to rely on fossil fuels. The study suggests that size, revenue spent on fossil fuels, and initial investments influence a company's willingness to switch to electrification.
A new study reveals that around one-third of all newly written software functions in the United States are already being created with AI support, with productivity gains mainly driven by experienced developers. The study found wide regional gaps, with the US leading at 29% AI-assisted code, while China and Russia lag behind.
Researchers used machine learning to identify conflict labels from data, discovering three archetypes with distinct geographic, demographic, and economic properties. The study emphasizes the limitations of existing conflict classifications and suggests new approaches for predicting conflict severity.
A study analyzing over 100 cities in Asia, Africa, and Latin America found that compact urban planning is crucial for delivering water and sanitation to growing populations. The research suggests that if cities spread outward rather than building more densely, access to clean water and basic sanitation could be significantly impacted.
A new study by the Complexity Science Hub reveals that crypto hacks can have a significant impact on market prices, with investors bearing the brunt of the losses. The study found that in 12 cases, affected tokens experienced subsequent price crashes, resulting in $1.3 billion indirect losses.
A new study by Complexity Science Hub researcher Rafael Prieto-Curiel challenges the assumption that larger cities are more violent. The study shows that isolated cities, with limited highway connections, experience nearly seven times more violence against civilians per 100,000 residents than well-connected cities.
A new study from the Complexity Science Hub found that European cities with a metro system have a significant reduction in car use, with an average of 37% of car trips compared to 50% in cities with only trams and 54% without rail. In contrast, tram cities show no measurable impact on reducing car use.
A new study from the Complexity Science Hub finds that belonging to more than one marginalized group can significantly harder forming social connections. The researchers developed a mathematical model and tested it using friendship data from around 40,000 U.S. high school students, revealing how overlapping disadvantages can interact.
Increasing polarization and growing social connections have led researchers to discover a fundamental explanation. A study published in PNAS found that more close friends and denser social networks can lead to increased conflict and societal polarization.
A new book by Peter Turchin analyzing data from over 800 societies reveals that warfare was the central driver of social complexity, leading to the development of institutions for cooperation and prosociality. The Great Holocene Transformation offers insights into the evolution of human societies over 10,000 years.
A new study reveals that US cities maintain a constant level of economic coherence despite technological revolutions, with larger cities being less coherent. Coherence combines variety, workforce balance, and industry diversity, constraining transformations and diversification.
A study by researchers at the Complexity Science Hub found that hospital stays among migrants in Austria are significantly lower than those of native Austrians. However, readmission rates among migrants were higher, indicating potential access barriers or delayed healthcare utilization. The study's findings suggest that the 'Healthy Mi...
A new study from the Complexity Science Hub reveals that innovation can only endure over time if it is balanced with exnovation - the loss or forgetting of older possibilities. The researchers found an interesting trade-off between innovation speed and system stability.
The Seshat History of Moralizing Religion examines how societies across the world have answered ancient human questions about gods, morality, and the afterlife. The book reveals surprising insights into the development of religious traditions with a strong moral agenda, including Egypt's early adoption of divine punishment and reward.
A new analytical method reveals overlooked species at risk of extinction, providing a valuable layer of insight for conservationists. The dual-role approach captures both predator and prey interactions, identifying keystone species and vulnerabilities.
A new study published in PNAS Nexus explores how opinions within inner circles influence the perception of social division. The researchers found that consensus within one's circle can exaggerate perceptions of polarization, and that subjective lenses change over time, influencing how individuals perceive societal polarization.
A new study by the Complexity Science Hub questions Rotterdam's 'balanced neighborhoods' policy, finding little evidence of stronger community ties despite efforts to mix income groups. The research highlights the risks of gentrification and displacement of low-income communities.
A recent report by Complexity Science Hub and Supply Chain Intelligence Institute Austria warns of destabilization in global trade and maritime transport. The expected consequences include price increases, logistical bottlenecks, congestion, and delays in transportation, especially on the US West Coast.
A new computational model shows that structural inequalities, including wealth inequality and social segregation, accelerate the spread of infectious diseases through society. In a hypothetical 'ideal' scenario without segregation, infection rates were lower in most metropolitan areas.
A study by Complexity Science Hub found that in 7.54% of DAOs, a single contributor controlled decisions due to concentrated governance tokens. This raises concerns about the true level of democracy in these organizations, which aim to distribute power and promote fairness and transparency.
Researchers uncover the origin of mixed-order transitions, where a macroscopic change is triggered by microscopic cascades. The study reveals long-term fluctuations can lead to sudden transformations in systems like water freezing or societal conflicts.
Researchers found that people who later experienced persistent shortness of breath or fatigue had significantly fewer steps per day and a higher resting heart rate before contracting the virus. These findings suggest a link between lower fitness levels and preexisting health conditions in long COVID patients.
A new study from the Complexity Science Hub reveals that pre-existing emotions do not significantly impair our ability to distinguish between real and false news. Emotions triggered by news content play a pivotal role, eliciting more anger and less joy in response to false news headlines.
A recent study found that urban highways in US cities reduce social ties within cities, particularly over short distances. The research, led by the Complexity Science Hub, used online social network data to quantify the barrier effect of highways on social connections.
A recent study evaluating NewsGuard's media reliability rating service found no evidence of bias against conservative news outlets. The analysis of over 11,000 sources in nine countries revealed stable trustworthiness scores since 2022, with the US receiving lower ratings due to hyper-partisan sources lacking editorial practices.
Researchers introduce 'fitness centrality,' a faster method to identify crucial elements in any network, with practical applications in supply chains, ecological conservation, and cybersecurity. The approach streamlines analysis, making it practical for vast networks.
A new study assesses the historical knowledge of AI chatbots like ChatGPT-4 and finds they struggle with nuanced, PhD-level inquiry. The models performed best on legal systems and social complexity but struggled with topics such as discrimination and social mobility.
A study by the Complexity Science Hub shows that coordinated responses, including gas storage and alternative supply routes, can reduce potential economic impact. Austria's well-filled storage facilities and alternative supply routes have helped compensate for Gazprom's current gas supply freeze.
Researchers identified critical trains that significantly transfer delays to subsequent services, known as 'influencer trains'. Adding new train services or replacing sharing rolling stock can reduce overall delays by up to 40%.
A new model reveals that supply chain risks can amplify financial losses, with banks facing up to five times higher losses than traditional credit risk models. The study highlights the need for regulators to rethink systemic risk monitoring, focusing on firms with central roles in supply chains.
Researchers from CSH and ASCII investigate Austrian companies linked to VW, finding 6,300 jobs dependent on the German carmaker. The study highlights the impact of VW's crisis on component suppliers and machine manufacturers, with long-term losses expected.
Researchers from the Complexity Science Hub found that refugees in Austria experience significantly greater housing instability, with an average of 3.8 moves within a year. This can lead to challenges such as financial strain, limited access to education and healthcare, and unstable relationships within neighborhoods.
A policy brief by the Complexity Science Hub calls on G20 countries to collect granular supply chain data to identify key weaknesses and prioritize resilience-building investments. The move aims to prevent economic collapse in the face of future climate shocks, affecting millions worldwide.
The study emphasizes the need for a coherent approach to understanding A.I. threats, recognizing the intricate interplay between technology and society. Experts propose involving laypeople and experts in risk assessment processes, as well as promoting social resilience to ensure better decision-making.
A new study by the Complexity Science Hub finds that firms with higher levels of information consumption outperform their peers financially and are more innovative. The research reveals an 'economy of scale' in news consumption, where larger firms read a greater number of unique pieces of news.
Researchers develop model to calculate ideal learning rate based on environmental change and life cycle. The optimal pace of learning increases in the same way regardless of environmental changes, suggesting a generalizable phenomenon underlying learning in various ecosystems.
A new article by Amélie Desvars-Larrive and Fariba Karimi emphasizes the need for diverse workforces in One Health to foster creativity, reduce groupthink, and improve scientific research. This diversity fosters a stronger One Health approach by bringing different perspectives and methods to tackle complex global health challenges.
A recent study published in PNAS Nexus found that widespread adoption of large language models like ChatGPT led to a significant decline in user activity on Stack Overflow. The study highlights the impact of ChatGPT on public knowledge sharing and its implications for AI's future.
A study reveals that the gender gap in physics has remained stable for over a century due to established scientists' adoption patterns and network inclusion. The gap can be closed by adjusting parameters, but interventions such as funding and promotion opportunities are more challenging.
A new metric assesses cities globally, uncovering significant inequalities in access to services. The research team developed a relocation algorithm to understand how to increase accessibility and reduce inequality in urban areas.
A recent study suggests that fear of conflict significantly impacted the development of prehistoric European societies, leading to population declines and concentrations in safer locations. The researchers' computational model matches archaeological evidence, providing context for future refinements to modeling.
A study published in Scientific Reports suggests that emphasizing positive messages within a party is more effective for political communication on social media, fostering a cohesive and supportive online community. This approach counters the negative effect of out-party hostility, promoting engagement and constructive dialogue.
A new study by the Complexity Science Hub estimates that the ongoing war in Ukraine could lead to up to 180,000 additional cases of type 2 diabetes worldwide due to supply chain disruptions and food shortages. Malnutrition during early pregnancy is also linked to increased risk of developing diabetes later in life.
Researchers identified six distinct communities of zoonotic agent sharing in Austria, influenced by highly connected infectious agents, proximity to humans, and human activities. The study highlights the importance of a holistic approach to understanding and managing zoonoses, emphasizing the role of food and water in transmission.