A study published in Nature reveals that oxidative dearomatization is the key mechanism behind this transformation, resulting in millions of diverse molecules with stable structures. This process allows the organic matter to persist for long periods, preventing it from rapidly returning to the atmosphere.
The Global Nitrogen Innovation Center for Clean Energy and Environment will address the urgent need to produce ammonia using renewable energy, bolstering clean energy initiatives and combatting climate change. However, green ammonia technology may exacerbate environmental problems if not managed properly.
Researchers have found that industrial sources of nitrous oxide emissions can be readily abated with existing technology. The study suggests that low-cost technologies already exist to reduce nitrous oxide emissions to nearly zero, providing a double benefit for the environment and humanity by also protecting the ozone layer.
Researchers have been awarded a three-year grant to develop a microalgae-based system to capture carbon dioxide emissions from power plants. The system will use algae to sequester carbon from flue gases, generating valuable bioproducts like nutraceuticals and biofuels.
A new study on Chesapeake Bay water quality found that pollution thresholds affect reduction efforts, and larger reductions may be needed to induce complete reversal of eutrophication-induced hypoxia. The research revealed that the system responds only until a certain threshold is crossed, then it takes twice the effort to make a change.
The US Harmful Algal Bloom Control Technology Incubator aims to advance innovative ways to control blooms impacting marine ecosystems and regional economies. The partnership between UMCES and Mote Marine Laboratory & Aquarium will offer funding and guidance for innovative control technology projects.
A new database quantifying cropland phosphorus budgets around the world helps identify nutrient management gaps in different regions. The study provides valuable insights into phosphorus management challenges and opportunities in various countries, shedding light on how to improve global phosphorus use efficiency.
Researchers confirm significant increase in freshwater entering the Arctic Ocean via the Bering Strait, leading to a decrease in saltiness and potential impacts on sea ice formation and regional ecosystems. This change could also affect climate-sensitive processes, such as deep water mixing in the North Atlantic.
Researchers used weather radar data to identify areas where large numbers of migrating birds fly through the rotor-swept zone and stopover in high densities. This information can guide the placement of new wind energy development and turbine operation to minimize collisions and habitat loss.
Researchers found evidence of declining nitrogen availability in various ecosystems, including grasslands and forests, due to multiple environmental changes. The decline is linked to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and reduced plant growth, with implications for the global carbon cycle.
Assistant Professor Emily Cohen at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science received a $750,000 NSF CAREER Award to study migrating birds as communities. This research aims to fill critical gaps in understanding animal migration by considering migratory animals as networks of ecological interactions.
Researchers at University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science found that marine snow particles help remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, contributing to a more efficient carbon cycle. The discovery sheds light on how oxygen deficient zones play a crucial role in the Earth's carbon cycle.
The University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science has sequenced the genome of the blue crab, revealing approximately 24,000 genes and a genome length that is one third of the human genome. This breakthrough will aid in fisheries policies, aquaculture, and potentially track food source origins.
The Sustainable Agriculture Matrix provides a comprehensive assessment of agricultural sustainability at a national level, considering environmental, economic, and social impacts. The framework helps governments and organizations evaluate progress, identify priorities for improvement, and inform policies towards sustainable agriculture.
A new study finds that female walruses in the Chukchi Sea rely on biomarkers from algae growing within sea ice as a primary food source. The researchers tracked these markers using liver tissues from harvested animals, revealing a difference in foraging behavior between males and females.
A new study found that US-China trade tensions would lead to increased nitrogen and phosphorus pollution and irrigation water consumption in agriculture, affecting not only the two countries but also other nations through international trade.
A new paper synthesizes results from nearly thirty researchers on nitrogen management in agriculture, identifying areas for improvement and providing a foundation for sustainable nitrogen management. The study's findings have significant implications for addressing food security and environmental pollution challenges.
Researchers will conduct scientific research cruises, sampling fixed stations to understand how the Chesapeake Bay plume changes over time and its impact on fisheries and nutrient cycling. The project aims to develop a hydrodynamic model of the plume and gather empirical data to inform ecosystem-based management applications.
Assistant Professor Xin Zhang received a $500,000 NSF CAREER Award to investigate how to align stakeholder interests with nitrogen reduction goals. The research aims to improve decision-making and develop innovative solutions for sustainable nitrogen management.
Researchers aim to understand and analyze the interconnectedness of these life-sustaining systems by investigating how nitrogen flows through agricultural production systems. The goal is to improve nitrogen-use efficiency and address challenges such as water scarcity and energy demands.
Lora Harris will research estuarine ecology in Finland, while Christina Goethel will teach and conduct research on Arctic ecosystems in Iceland. Both awardees aim to address global environmental challenges through international collaboration.
Researchers found improved estuarine water quality in the Choptank River, with increased dissolved oxygen, clearer waters, and reduced algae blooms. Local actions, such as upgrades to wastewater treatment plants, contributed to these gains, while agricultural inputs appeared limited.
Researchers found unusually warm water and an active ecosystem in the Bering and Chukchi seas, defying late-season expectations. The discovery highlights delays in sea ice formation supporting late-season biological production, and shifts in benthic animals' biomass.
A recent study found that the Maryland Wind Energy Area, where an offshore wind farm is planned, serves as a crucial migration corridor for Atlantic sturgeon and striped bass. The development of wind turbines in this area could create habitat around which fish linger, potentially disrupting their migrations.
A study found that large striped bass from Chesapeake Bay migrate to ocean waters when they reach 32 inches in length, while smaller fish remain resident. This new understanding can aid fisheries management by providing tailored catch and size limits.
A new study reveals that plant materials from Arctic sea ice are incorporated into marine food webs, indicating the importance of sea ice ecosystems. The research shows a transition to more dependence on sea ice materials as coverage decreases, with long-term reserves of organic matter remaining accessible to seafloor animals.
A $500,000 NSF grant funds a national Research Coordination Network to synthesize insights from existing coastal resiliency projects. The Estuarine CoPe RCN aims to propose bold new strategies integrating ecosystem enhancement and recovery to protect coastal communities and infrastructure.
A new study found that nitrous oxide emissions have risen steadily since the mid-20th century, linked to increased nitrogen substrates released into the environment. The global rate of increase has been underestimated by current methods, and a global effort is needed to solve this problem.
Researchers found that sediment and particulate nutrient impacts to the Bay occur mostly during high-flow events like major storms, but the Bay is resilient in the long run. Sediment delivery to the mid-Bay region is relatively small, minimizing potential impacts on water quality.
The NSF INCLUDES: SEAS Island Alliance aims to enhance U.S. leadership in discoveries and innovations by focusing on diversity, inclusion, and broadening participation in STEM at scale. The program will connect individuals across islands and partner institutions, providing expertise and mentors through the creation of new island networks.
Scientists analyzed China's crop production and trade over 1986-2015, finding that imports can relieve nitrogen pollution but also expose China to market risks. The study proposes 'alternative' nitrogen and land concepts to mitigate environmental damage.
A University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science-led research cruise is exploring the marine carbon cycle in the deep Atlantic Ocean. Scientists are analyzing bacterial diversity and function to better understand how cyanobacteria contribute to the process.
Researchers predict that warmer winters in the Chesapeake Bay will lead to longer and more productive blue crab seasons. As water temperatures rise, blue crabs' overwinter survival is expected to increase by at least 20%, potentially extending their season year-round.
Researchers analyzed 13 UV filters, including oxybenzone and octinoxate, in seawater, sediment, and coral tissues near Hawaiian coral reefs. The study found low concentrations of oxybenzone, but no octinoxate, and revealed surfactant degradation products in seawater that may impact corals.
Scientists developed a unique model that can predict Eastern Pacific leatherback turtles' location along the coast of Central and South America. The model aims to reduce bycatch mortality of this critically endangered species.
A new study and web application reveal that climate change will impact urban areas, with 540 cities expected to shift hundreds of miles from their current climate by 2080. Scientists used a statistical technique called climate-analog mapping to match future climates with existing ones.
Researchers developed a genetic probe to identify DNA of alewife and blueback herring, finding that eDNA abundance data corresponded well with traditional field methods. The study created a map of where river herring are spawning across the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
Researchers found that increased ship noise results in high dolphin whistle frequencies and a reduction in whistle complexity, making it harder for dolphins to communicate. The simplification of these whistles could have significant effects on dolphin populations.
Researchers found a global decline in nitrogen availability due to climate change, which can impact forest carbon sequestration and ecosystem health. The study suggests that even with reduced carbon emissions, many ecosystems will face nitrogen limitations, highlighting the need for sustainable land management practices.
A recent study explores how Sargassum's growth and movement along ocean currents affect its distribution patterns. The research reveals two key regions influencing the spread of Sargassum across the Atlantic, providing potential insights for predicting coastal inundations.
Scientists found that late-season replenishment of oxygen allows the Bay to clean itself, leading to smaller and shorter-lived dead zones. This natural response suggests progress in reducing eutrophication and improving water quality.
A new study analyzing the impact of long-term nutrient reductions reveals a four-fold increase in Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) abundance in the Chesapeake Bay. This unprecedented event suggests that conservation efforts, including EPA's Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL), are supporting ecosystem recovery.
The AR Girls project aims to promote science and computer science interest among young women through augmented reality design experiences. The team will work with local art organizations to create AR stories or games that address science questions and issues relevant to their communities.
A new tool advances understanding of ocean chemistry and suggests that microbial metabolisms shape the ocean's balance. The model simulates impact on North Atlantic chemistry and predicts genes and transcription throughout the ocean.
Researchers discover that cultured picocyanobacteria, such as Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, release fluorescent components that closely match the typical signals found in oceanic environments. This finding sheds light on the origin of colored dissolved organic matter in the deep ocean.
Researchers used underwater microphones to detect and map harbor porpoise habits in the Maryland Wind Energy Area. They found that porpoises occur significantly more frequently during January to May and forage for food in the evenings.
The Association for the Sciences of Limnology & Oceanography (ASLO) announced the winners of the Nutrient Sensor Challenge, a market challenge aimed at developing affordable and accurate nutrient sensors. The Systea S.p.A. sensor won both Nitrate and Phosphate sensor categories, while the National Oceanography Centre (NOC) team receive...
The Nutrient Sensor Challenge aims to develop affordable and accurate nutrient sensors for aquatic environments. Winners will be announced at the ASLO meeting on March 2, marking progress in reducing nutrient pollution.
A four-year genetic research effort has mapped the major landmarks in the evolution of dinoflagellates, a key species in the environment. The study found that nonphotosynthetic dinoflagellates have retained vital metabolic functions and could lead to a better understanding of bioluminescence and toxic algal blooms.
Walter Boynton, a renowned Chesapeake Bay scientist, has been awarded the Mathias Medal for his groundbreaking research on nutrient pollution and its impact on the Bay's ecosystem. His work has informed environmental policy and contributed to the development of management plans that have improved water quality.