Researchers aim to understand and analyze the interconnectedness of these life-sustaining systems by investigating how nitrogen flows through agricultural production systems. The goal is to improve nitrogen-use efficiency and address challenges such as water scarcity and energy demands.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a real-time sensor system that can detect the airborne COVID-19 virus, with funding from DARPA. The system uses molecular imprinting and organic electrochemical transistors to rapidly transduce SARS-CoV-2 binding events into electronic signals.
Scientists have identified potential new therapeutic targets beyond the RBD on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, which may help explain how emerging variants become more infectious. The research could lead to new treatments targeting the S1/S2 cleavage site.
Scientists have uncovered a gigantic cosmic particle accelerator after tracing a ghostly neutrino back to a shredded star. The detection provides evidence that tidal disruption events can be powerful natural particle accelerators.
The study describes four processes that lead to ideological obsession, including moral disengagement, hatred, network effects, and psychological reactance. It suggests focusing on individual psychological needs like meaning and belonging to steer people away from ideologically-motivated violence.
Researchers at University of Exeter identified a way to rescue mutated muscle cells using novel drugs, providing a possible new treatment for rare childhood illness. The study found that compounds targeting mitochondrial energy production improved muscle function in animal models with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
Researchers have discovered a unique dependence of cancer cells on the protein KIF18A, which could lead to less harmful drug treatments for some cancers. International collaboration and data-sharing played a key role in this breakthrough discovery.
Tipping points in ocean physics, chemistry, and biology may cause high-probability, high-impact effects cumulatively leading to global consequences. The study suggests treating these events as seriously as catastrophic ones for effective management.
A recent study has identified a novel gene, POU1F1, associated with a development disorder of pituitary origin in Karelian Bear Dogs. The research found that the disease is inherited recessively and can be diagnosed using a gene test, paving the way for its eradication from the breed.
Trauma admissions in Los Angeles County surged during the COVID-19 pandemic due to increased emergency department visits and hospital capacity strain. Researchers analyzed data from 2020 to identify patterns and trends in trauma care during this period.
Scientists developed a rodent model to understand and identify young pregnant women who have previously suffered kidney injuries, which can lead to complications such as preeclampsia and low birthweight. The model suggests that even years after the injury, some women may still experience renal insufficiency during pregnancy.
A recent study of homeless preschoolers found that strong teacher-child relationships are crucial in predicting healthy behaviors and emotional well-being. The study discovered that 70% of children were well-adjusted and exhibited positive behaviors, while the remaining 30% struggled with behavioral challenges.
A new study found no association between COVID-19 infection and stillbirth or early neonatal death in pregnant women. However, the research did reveal a higher risk of preterm birth among those with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. The study analyzed data from over 4000 pregnant women in the UK and US.
NYUAD researchers have developed a new technology that enables the creation of high throughput arrays of miniaturized 3D tumor models, which can be safely cryopreserved and stored for on-demand drug testing use. This technology has the potential to revolutionize personalized medicine by predicting the outcomes of drug efficacy.
A research team has discovered a metabolic footprint associated with the perception of satiety, revealing that higher concentrations of glycine and linoleic acid are linked to increased satiety. The study involved 140 volunteers with overweight and obesity, showing that certain metabolites in the blood can predict postprandial satiety.
Climate models predict an increase in extreme ENSO-related swings in rainfall due to future ocean warming, but temperature difference between El Niño and La Niña may change little. Researchers found that increased rainfall sensitivity is key to understanding this phenomenon.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center developed a mathematical model to assess the clinical sensitivity of various COVID-19 test kits. The study found significant variations in test accuracy, with some assays missing up to 60% of positive cases.
The article provides valuable insights into identifying signs of teen vaping, ways to prevent it, and strategies for supporting addicted teens. Parents can take proactive steps by understanding the warning signs and knowing how to approach their child about this growing concern.
Yingyan Lin, an assistant professor at Rice University, has received a $400,000 NSF CAREER Award to develop more efficient deep learning hardware accelerators. Her goal is to push forward ubiquitous intelligent devices and green artificial intelligence, addressing the gap between complex algorithms and limited resources.
Scientists have found that malignant epithelial tumours produce a protein called Upd3, which blocks the production of steroid hormones and activates signalling pathways to delay development. This discovery has significant implications for understanding delays in puberty caused by various medical conditions.
Researchers discovered that MEK inhibitors reduce cellular expression of ACE2, pERK, and pRb while stimulating NK-mediated cytotoxicity and attenuating inflammatory cytokines. MEKi also suppressed infectivity of the pseudovirus in human cells.
Researchers have grown human stem cell-derived organoids in a lab dish that matured in sync with the timeline of human development, replicating key aspects of normal human development. The study provides a framework for assessing how well in vitro models model in vivo development and function.
Using drones equipped with magnetometers, researchers can detect magnetic anomalies and pinpoint the location of unplugged oil wells. By locating these wells, the equivalent of nearly 750,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide could be removed from the atmosphere.
Researchers found that inhibiting RUNX1, a gene linked to retinal neovascularization, presents a promising therapeutic advance for treating age-related macular degeneration. The study showed that a RUNX1 inhibitor alone or in combination with standard treatment reduced CNV lesion size and vascular leakage.
Researchers linked a high-energy neutrino to an object outside our galaxy, tracing it back to a black hole tearing apart a star in a rare cataclysmic occurrence called a tidal disruption event. The findings provide insights into how these phenomena work and challenge previous expectations about when and how neutrinos are produced.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered that a combination of three decades-old antibiotics can block pain triggered by nerve damage. The finding offers an alternative to opioid-based painkillers and could potentially treat chronic pain caused by damaged nerves.
A study reveals three distinct periods of rapid species diversification in birds, linked to key adaptations for flight and diet. These events are influenced by long-term climate changes and the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction event.
Researchers designed a simple screening assay based on competitive binding to identify peptide candidates with high binding affinity for ubiquitin. The dimers of cyclic peptides were found to be more potent than control peptides and induced cell death in live cancer cell lines.
Researchers at the University of Washington and Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute developed a phone-based therapy to combat insomnia in older adults with osteoarthritis. The study found that this treatment can be delivered in just a few short calls, improving sleep quality and reducing fatigue and pain symptoms.
Researchers observed that giant unicellular slime molds change tube diameters in response to nutrient sources, imprinted in the hierarchy of thinner and thicker tubes. This reorganization persists for up to 30 minutes before the organism migrates toward the nutrient source, suggesting a mechanism for memory formation.
A recent study confirmed that a genetic modeling technique accurately predicts the extinction of an isolated bobcat population. The research found that the Cumberland Island bobcats have lost about 15% of their genetic diversity over the past 30 years, with low levels of inbreeding.
Researchers have developed improved gene vectors for ocular gene therapy, allowing for widespread delivery and reducing risks associated with traditional approaches. These vectors are being tested in clinical trials and have shown promise in restoring daylight vision in animal models of achromatopsia.
Researchers have isolated monoclonal antibodies that effectively target and inhibit the growth of tuberculosis germs in laboratory mice. These biological antibiotics show promise as an alternative to traditional chemical antibiotics, offering a safer and more stable treatment option.
Researchers developed a fusion protein that selectively targets tumor neovasculature, inhibiting tumor growth in immunocompetent mice. The antibody-based delivery of engineered cytokines shows potential for improved therapeutic effects.
New research published in JNeurosci found that recalling similar memories triggers divergent brain activity patterns, resulting in better memory performance. This study suggests that the brain exaggerates differences between similar events, which can be advantageous in distinguishing between similar things and preventing confusion.
The study reveals chemical traces of grapes in medieval amphorae, suggesting a prosperous wine trade across the Mediterranean. The discovery implies that the Islamic community in Sicily produced and exported wine, contradicting previous assumptions about their consumption habits.
A study from Oregon State University found that dogs synchronize their behavior with children, but not as much as they do with adults. The researchers observed that dogs exhibited behavioral synchronization with children at a higher rate than expected by chance, particularly in terms of active synchrony and proximity. However, the leve...
Researchers developed a novel protocol for artificial muscle regeneration using direct cell reprogramming and natural-synthetic hybrid scaffold. The bioengineered muscle fiber constructs showed improved mechanical stiffness, enhanced muscle differentiation, and functional recovery in a mouse model with severe muscle loss.
Research reveals that worker bees can detect varroa-related compounds in brood cells, triggering a strong behavioral response to defend against the parasite. This finding has implications for breeding programs aimed at developing stronger resistance to Varroa destructor in honey bee colonies.
A new study found that desert bighorn sheep in the Mojave National Preserve and surrounding areas are more resilient than thought to a respiratory disease. The overall number of infected animals has declined since 2013, but additional ranges with pathogen presence were identified.
The study found genetic similarities between rainbow trout in the northern Deschutes watershed and the southern Klamath watershed, linking two now disconnected watersheds. The researchers also discovered unexpected high levels of genetic diversity in coho salmon, particularly in smaller coastal rivers.
A team of researchers developed a three-dimensional crystallizer to treat waste brine using solar power, offering an eco-friendly solution for seawater desalination. The device achieves efficient evaporation rates even in the presence of salt crystals, paving the way for zero liquid discharge and sustainable agriculture.
A global biological assessment of rivers reveals a striking loss of biodiversity in Japan and New Zealand over the past 20-30 years. Poor living conditions for fish and macroinvertebrates are also widespread across Europe, North America, Australia, and South Korea.
A study published in BMC Medicine found that mothers who consumed a low-quality diet high in inflammation-associated foods during pregnancy had children with lower levels of muscle mass and higher risk of obesity in late childhood. Promoting healthy diets during pregnancy may help prevent childhood obesity.
A new study identifies ten key factors contributing to the success of some countries in containing the COVID-19 pandemic, including considering globalization, political leadership, and civil society. The research highlights the importance of a systems approach to assess pandemic preparedness and social security provisions.
Researchers predict pancreatic cancer death rates will remain approximately stable for men but continue to rise in women. The researchers predict that 42,300 and 5,000 men in the EU and UK respectively will die from pancreatic cancer by the end of this year.
Scientists have expanded their understanding of the hop genome, which could lead to the development of new hop varieties with desirable traits and improved production of compounds with potential health benefits. The research has implications for both the brewing industry and medical researchers studying hops.
Researchers found that people with periodontitis are at higher risk of experiencing major cardiovascular events due to associated inflammation. Active gum disease was predictive of arterial inflammation, leading to heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular complications.
The study found the Netherlands recorded the highest usage of NPS, followed by Australia, New Zealand, and the US. Meanwhile, Spain, Italy, and China had the lowest incidence. Countries with higher usage included Australia, New Zealand, and the US, where substances like N-ethylpentylone were detected.
New research reveals urban gardens produce an overwhelming amount of nectar, equivalent to thousands of flying bees, and account for 85% of food sources for pollinating insects. The study highlights the pivotal role gardens play in promoting biodiversity in urban areas.
Researchers have developed a new type of photonic crystal fiber with a hybrid Kagome-tubular lattice structure, achieving ultralow loss and single-mode operation. The fiber's cladding design significantly reduces confinement loss and ensures robust single-mode performance.
The CovMT system processes publicly available data to detect mutations and mutation fingerprints, enabling tracking of virus evolution across the globe. It also predicts disease severity based on mutational fingerprints and correlates with patient data from GISAID.
A new study maps the psychological signatures of people predisposed to holding extreme social, political or religious attitudes, including nationalist fervor. Cognitive traits such as poorer working memory, slower perceptual strategies, and impulsivity are linked to endorsement of violence in support of an ideological group.
Scientists visualized anti-CD20 antibody effects in tumors using innovative imaging, finding macrophages play a crucial role in therapy efficacy. The study suggests increasing macrophage presence could boost therapeutic antibody effectiveness.
Researchers at WVU and Marshall University are analyzing COVID-19 samples to identify new variants, including the UK Variant B.1.1.7, which is believed to be more contagious than the original virus. The team aims to understand how these variants evolve and potentially develop therapeutics or vaccines.
The generation of dissipative solitons and coherent frequency combs in a photonic dimer made of two microresonators enables real-time tuning of the soliton-based frequency comb. Soliton hopping, a phenomenon not present at the single-particle level, can be used for generating configurable combs in the radio-frequency domain.
The CUHK research team found that viscoelasticity can be harnessed to control active matter's self-organisation, enabling the creation of self-driven devices. The discovery has implications for soft robotics, tissue engineering, and microbial physiology, as well as the dispersal of biofilms and gut microbiome.
Mount Sinai researchers identified a neural pathway that detects errors and guides subsequent behavioral improvement, which is frequently dysregulated in psychiatric disorders. They also suggest that neurostimulation of this brain pathway could provide an important mechanism for attention adjustments following behavioral errors.
A new study reveals that Lake Erie sediments release nearly as much phosphorus into the surrounding waters as enters the lake each year, exacerbating the annual 'dead zone'. This self-fertilization process contributes up to 11,000 metric tons of phosphorus to the lake water each summer.
A new study published in Nature Communications shows that genetic mutations during embryonic development can cause spina bifida, a severe birth defect. Researchers found that even when these mutations occur randomly in only 16% of spinal cord cells, it's enough to lead to spina bifida.