Researchers tracked bottlenose dolphins in Indian River Lagoon using radio-telemetry, revealing new insights into their social behavior, activities, and habitat preferences. The study found that dolphins spent most of their time traveling and milling together in groups, with a surprising amount of alone time, especially for juveniles.
Changes to standard urine orders led to a 45% reduction in unnecessary tests for asymptomatic patients. Nurses play a crucial role in antimicrobial stewardship, and practical guidance is needed to integrate them into efforts.
A review of over 140 studies explores climate change's impact on animal life, including humans, through increased frequency and severity of heat waves. Behavioral changes, such as altered migration patterns and increased water demands, may lead to dehydration and cellular stress.
Patients with interstitial lung disease often experience significant treatment burdens, including drug-disease interactions. The study highlights the importance of careful evaluation before treatment initiation to minimize complications.
Astronomers found a tiny moon, Hippocamp, around Neptune that shouldn't exist due to gravitational clearance by Proteus. The moon is thought to be a chipped-off piece from Proteus resulting from a comet collision, measuring 20 miles across.
A UK-based study found that 31% of young people experienced traumatic events during childhood, with those exposed to trauma twice as likely to develop mental health disorders. Only a small proportion of young people with PTSD received effective treatment.
Research finds that prenatal exposure to phthalates, widely used in personal care products, can lead to long-lasting adverse effects on motor function in children. Girls and boys exposed prenatally may experience increased motor skill deficiencies, affecting daily activities and mental health.
A USC study found that the US has the highest drug overdose death rates among high-income countries, with mortality rates tripling over the past two decades. The study suggests that the epidemic is contributing to the widening gap in life expectancy between the US and other high-income countries.
Physicists have discovered a new effect, known as Kondo-like phonon scattering, which explains the low thermal conductivity of certain materials. This discovery paves the way for creating excellent thermal insulators that conduct electricity, enabling the conversion of waste heat into electrical energy.
Researchers analyzed cervical precancers over seven years and found a 21% decline in CIN2+ cases attributed to HPV16/18. The proportion of these cases declined among vaccinated women, suggesting the vaccine's effectiveness in preventing cervical disease.
Researchers found that dogs and foxes shared similar diets with their owners, indicating domestication. The study analyzed stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in bone collagen, revealing a varied diet among the foxes, but one species showed signs of being a domestic animal.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute create a battery-like system to manufacture medicines, avoiding safety risks and increasing versatility. They use additives from lithium-ion battery manufacturing to conduct reductive electrochemistry safely and efficiently.
A review published in Advances in Nutrition suggests that noncaloric sweeteners have a negligible impact on daily energy intake and do not significantly alter the composition of human gut microbiota. The study concludes that there is not enough evidence to support adverse effects on health, including cancer or diabetes risk.
A new study at WashU Medicine finds that making a simple electronic system change can reduce bacterial culture tests ordered without compromising patient care. The change encourages doctors to first look for signs of UTIs before testing urine for bacteria, resulting in a nearly half reduction in unnecessary tests.
A study of 4,818 patients found that diabetes, morbid obesity, tobacco smoking, and prolonged surgical duration increase the risk of surgical site infections. The overall incidence was 3.64%, with deep and superficial infections occurring at 0.4% and 1.1% respectively.
A new study examines individuals' willingness to adopt algorithms in decision-making contexts, revealing the importance of cognitive perceptions. Participants with low situational awareness were found to be more likely to delegate decisions to an AI algorithm.
Researchers at Drexel University and Trinity College developed a new method to fortify silicon anodes with MXene materials, stabilizing them enough for use in batteries. The resulting silicon-MXene anodes showed higher lithium-ion capacity and superior conductivity than conventional silicon anodes.
A new study by the University of Plymouth found that people spontaneously form mental images of how the world looks to others, allowing them to virtually see through another person's eyes and make judgments. This ability helps us empathize with others, predict their behavior, and interact with them effectively in everyday activities.
A new study finds that the US has the highest rates of drug overdose mortality among high-income countries, with a rate 3.5 times higher on average. The country's overdose death rate has increased rapidly over the past decade, outpacing other nations.
The study found that Australian fairy circles were formed by physical processes such as weathering of the soil by heavy rainfall, extreme heat, and evaporation. The researchers also discovered that there is no causal relationship between termites and fairy circles.
Typhoon Wutip shows strong thunderstorms with cloud top temperatures as cold as -80 degrees Fahrenheit, indicative of a powerful storm. The National Weather Service has issued warnings for affected areas, predicting the typhoon to intensify and pass southwest of the Mariana Islands.
Experts warn of a surge in vector-borne diseases as Venezuela's humanitarian crisis worsens, with malaria cases increasing by 359% since 2010. The crisis is also leading to a resurgence of other diseases like Chagas disease and dengue, threatening public health gains in the country.
Researchers developed a new iridium catalyst for the selective synthesis of chiral lactams, which are key building blocks in pharmaceutical agents. The catalyst achieves high selectivity by inducing hydrogen bonding between substrate and catalyst, leading to the production of desired compounds with minimal waste.
A team of researchers found that as the temperature increases, the ergodization time-scale becomes huge, but the time-scales necessary for chaoticity remain practically unchanged. This phenomenon is known as dynamical glass, which emerges from the fragmentation of frozen and seemingly inert regions.
A University at Buffalo psychologist conducted a study using smartphones to measure symptoms in real-time, revealing that some emotions linger and predict later symptoms. The research could provide treatment benefits for patients struggling with anxiety and depression by identifying specific risk factors and suggesting strategies.
The Collaborative Laboratories for Environmental Analysis and Remediation at UTA is analyzing surface and groundwater quality in West Texas, supported by Apache Corporation's continued sponsorship. The research aims to comprehensively monitor water resources in the region, including San Solomon Springs.
Researchers discovered that pancreatic beta cells themselves may play a role in T1 diabetes, and found that eliminating senescent cells prevents the disease in mice. The study suggests a paradigm shift for T1 diabetes therapy and opens up new avenues for treatment.
A large study found an association between whole grain and high dietary fiber intake with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings suggest that incorporating more whole grains into the diet may help reduce liver cancer risk.
A new system, Shenango, developed by MIT researchers improves data center efficiency by detecting struggling apps and allocating idle cores to handle their workload. The system reduces tail latencies while achieving high efficiencies, potentially boosting CPU utilization rates from 60% to 100%.
Cancer stem-cells are responsible for recurrence and drug resistance. MTHFD2, a mitochondrial metabolic enzyme, plays a critical role in maintaining CSCs by consuming AICAR, leading to depletion of the intracellular pool. Targeting MTHFD2 may eradicate tumors and prevent recurrence.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that a child's height gap with their parents is a key predictor of when they will begin puberty. The study suggests that genetics do not play a major role in determining the age of puberty, but rather an individual's growth needs and body response to those needs.
The lack of regulatory standards in clinical artificial intelligence poses concerns about safety and efficacy, according to a recent study. The authors propose five standards to guide evaluation and regulation of clinical predictive analytics, emphasizing the importance of established clinical standards and clinician agency.
The CRISPR Journal announces publication of its February 2019 issue, featuring studies on strain tracking, single-step genome editing, and chromatin modulating motifs. Researchers discuss advancements in CRISPR technology and its applications.
A new study found over 1,800 calls to US Poison Control Centers regarding kratom exposures from 2011-2017, with a dramatic increase in annual calls. The majority of exposures were among males and occurred at residences, often due to intentional abuse or misuse.
Researchers discover Euglena cells can crawl fast in narrow spaces using metaboly, a coordinated body deformation. The study could inspire new technologies, such as soft robots that can move efficiently in complex environments.
In a study published in The Royal Society Interface, researchers at NYU Tandon found that individuals in small groups dynamically decide who to follow based on performance over time. This leads to the emergence of group leaders, exerting stronger influence on others as their accuracy increases.
Researchers are using genetically engineered E. coli bacteria to produce biodiesel, plastics and pharmaceuticals. This method could expand biodiesel production by utilizing surplus biomass from food crops.
A major Arizona health system implemented financial turnaround process focusing on improving productivity, efficiency, and revenue. By end of 2018, the system achieved a financial turnaround of over $150 million through price transparency initiatives.
Astronomers from UCI and other institutions have successfully used the Habitable Planet Finder to discover and confirm the existence of exoplanets. The new technique has been demonstrated on a recently discovered super-Earth orbiting Barnard's star, expanding the selection of stellar targets for exoplanet hunting.
A large-scale study validated four widely used breast cancer risk models, finding that family-history-based models outperform non-family-history based models. The study's findings suggest that all women would benefit from risk assessment involving detailed family histories.
A Washington State University team is developing an ultra-high performance cementitious composite grout to encapsulate solid secondary waste at the Hanford Site. The grout uses industrial byproducts like coal ash and steel slag to reduce costs and environmental impact.
A study published in Critical Care Explorations found that both CT angiography and transcranial Doppler have limited accuracy in detecting cerebral vasospasm and predicting delayed cerebral ischemia in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The tests showed conflicting results, with CT angiography being highly sensitive but lacking spe...
A global survey of frog skin bacteria reveals that diverse microbial communities thrive in cold, variable environments. Fast-growing bacteria are often outcompeted by slower-dormant types in temperate climates.
Researchers analyzed temporal and demographic patterns in gestational syphilis and mother-to-child-transmission of syphilis in a Brazilian region. They found no annual endemic period, but increased cases during February and a failure in the notification system.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that gut bacteria secrete nitric oxide to communicate with mammalian hosts, controlling gene expression and influencing human health. This 'interspecies communication' strategy has implications for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cancer.
Consuming garlic and onions has been shown to lower the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese study involving 833 patients. Adults who ate high amounts of allium vegetables had an 79% lower chance of developing the disease compared to those who consumed low amounts.
A randomized study by Michigan State University reveals that interpersonal psychotherapy can reduce depressive symptoms and hopelessness in prisoners. The treatment is effective, low-cost, and can be implemented in prison settings with trained counselors.
A new study using PET scans has identified a biomarker that predicts which women with HER2-positive breast cancer may benefit from standalone HER2-targeted agents without chemotherapy. Researchers found that patients with low sugar levels on PET scans at two weeks after treatment had the potential to be spared chemotherapy, indicating ...
NASA's Aqua satellite uses infrared analysis to track Tropical Cyclone Oma's strongest storms, finding cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is expected to weaken due to increased wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures.
The University of Texas at Arlington's new wind tunnel will be used for Navy grants to develop heat shields for hypersonic vehicles and measure plasma flow. The facility will also house a femtosecond laser system to non-intrusively measure temperature and composition.
A new study suggests that news coverage of terrorist attacks can significantly impact emotional responses and support for anti-Muslim policies in Western countries. News articles featuring a high number of offenders elicit both fear of terror and anger towards the government, leading to increased support for immigration bans.
A newly discovered tyrannosaur, Moros intrepidus, has narrowed a 70-million-year gap in the North American fossil record. The species, which lived about 96 million years ago, was small but exceptionally fast and had advanced sensory capabilities.
Researchers found that many bird species responded positively to the climate conditions associated with the drought, potentially offsetting negative habitat impacts. The study's results suggest that birds may be more resilient to temperature increases than previously thought, but also highlights the need for further research on their r...
Researchers have discovered a squid protein that can be processed into fibers and films for applications in health monitoring, self-healing recyclable fabrics and sustainable textiles. The protein's unique properties make it an eco-friendly alternative to plastics.
A recent study found that short-term wood burning in small-scale room heaters and sauna stoves significantly increased residents' daily exposure to particulate air pollution. The study highlights the importance of natural ventilation in reducing indoor levels of hazardous particles.
A 500-million-year-old ancient worm, Amiskwia, has been linked to modern arrowworms through DNA analysis and anatomical features. The study found that Amiskwia possessed a jaw apparatus similar to gnathiferans, which are microscopic worms with a distinctive internal jaw apparatus.
A recent study using data from 1.2 million people found that genetic variants associated with increased tobacco and alcohol use also linked to various diseases, including obesity, diabetes, ADHD, and mental illnesses. The study suggests a complex interplay between genes and environmental factors influencing addiction.
A new UNLV study finds that the quality of fruits and vegetables at dollar stores is comparable to traditional grocery store produce. The research team championed channel blurring, which benefits budget-conscious shoppers by increasing access to healthy, affordable food options.
A study of 1.7 million Chinese adults found 10% at high heart disease risk, yet only 3% taking statins or aspirin for prevention. The low uptake is attributed to a lack of awareness among patients and providers in China.
SNoOPI will validate remote-sensing technique called signals of opportunity to measure soil moisture from space, a crucial step towards determining water stored in snowpack and soil root zones. The mission will reuse existing telecommunications signals, eliminating the need for large antennas.