Researchers found that the gene INDEHISCENT plays a crucial role in shaping Capsella's distinctive heart-shaped fruits by upregulating auxin biosynthesis. This discovery may lead to improved crop yields and denser oilseed rape canopies through genetic modification.
A new study by the University of Rochester Medical Center found that adult vapers are nearly twice as likely to experience wheezing, a precursor to serious health conditions. The research also highlights the potential for vaping to cause lung damage and long-term respiratory issues.
Researchers identified a novel group of stem cells controlled by mutations in the parade gene, leading to abnormally positioned pigment cells. The study showed that blood vessels play a crucial role in regulating these stem cells.
The introduction of generic immunosuppressive medications has led to significant cost savings for transplant patients and the Medicare program. On average, payments decreased by 48%-67% for Medicare Part D plans and 24%-44% for patients receiving the low-income subsidy.
A new measurement technique called COSPLI enables researchers to map and measure large-scale photonic quantum correlation with single-photon sensitivity, a critical step towards making photon-based quantum computing practical. The method uses CCD cameras and suppresses noise to detect signals from individual photons.
A recent NSF CAREER Award recipient aims to develop trustworthy machine learning from untrusted models, with a focus on safeguarding complex systems that piggyback on less-than-trustworthy technology. The grant will support work in creating tools to verify model safety and detect abnormal phenomena throughout the system's lifecycle.
A new study published in the Journal of Human Evolution provides evidence for a more robust adaptation to bipedalism in the human ancestor Ardipithecus ramidus. The research shows that Ardipithecus used its big toe as a propulsive lever when walking, marking a key transitional phase in human evolution.
Researchers at UC Davis are studying how international security alliances like NATO break down due to free riding and unequal burden-sharing. The study aims to improve understanding of the conditions that lead to these problems, with implications for policy decisions.
Scientists at FAU create porous scaffolds using electrospinning to support ovarian follicle growth, showing promising results. The goal is to develop an ideal artificial ovary that mimics the natural environment for follicle maturity, potentially increasing fertility in cancer patients.
New research on spina bifida provides insights into how to manage the disorder, including a transition model that prepares patients for adult life. The study's findings highlight the importance of continuity of care and teamwork between pediatric and adult providers.
A research team has assembled a detailed atlas of bone marrow cells from AML patients, revealing six stages of white blood cell development and a role for differentiated tumor cells in suppressing immune responses. The study may lead to personalized therapies targeting specific AML cell types.
The study found improved access for historically marginalized castes and tribes, but women with low education and poorest households were relatively excluded from program benefits. Utilization of ICDS services increased significantly between 2006 and 2016, especially in central and southern states.
Researchers have discovered fossilized worm tunnels dating back to the Cambrian period, suggesting animal life was more widespread than previously thought. The finding reveals evidence of large populations of worms living in sedimentary rocks, which were once believed to be barren.
Researchers have developed an integrated silicon photonic switch capable of processing 240 inputs and 240 outputs simultaneously, achieving the lowest signal loss ever reported. The device, measuring 4cm x 4cm, surpasses previous records by nearly doubling the size of existing silicon photonic switches.
A team of researchers has created a detailed 'atlas' of cell states for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a type of aggressive cancer. The atlas, generated using single-cell genomics and machine learning, identifies distinct cell types and their genetic characteristics, shedding light on the disease's heterogeneity.
A recent study found that climate change is disrupting the complex systems underlying global fisheries, with 8% of fish populations experiencing significant negative impacts. The greatest losses in productivity were seen in regions such as the Sea of Japan and North Sea, while the Labrador-Newfoundland region saw significant gains.
A NASA study found that the 2015-2016 El Niño event triggered widespread disease outbreaks globally, including plague and hantavirus in Colorado, cholera in Tanzania, and dengue fever in Brazil and Southeast Asia. The study analyzed climate data and public health records to quantify the relationship between El Niño and disease outbreaks.
Resistance to azithromycin and ceftriaxone remains a significant threat, with only limited alternatives left for successful treatment. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control monitors the effectiveness of recommended antibiotics through its surveillance programme.
The University of Oxford and Harrington Discovery Institute have established a global center for rare diseases, combining capabilities to deliver new treatments. The centre aims to address unmet need in rare disease research and will leverage resources to support cutting-edge breakthroughs.
Astronomers have discovered an intermediate-mass black hole, 30,000 times the mass of the Sun, hidden within a gas cloud near the Galactic center. The finding provides new insight into black hole growth and evolution, suggesting that small black holes can merge to form larger ones.
Wutip's weakening was caused by vertical wind shear and cooler waters, which knocked out the storm's winds. The depression is expected to make a turn toward the west with decreased forward speed over the next 24 hours.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new blueprint to understand and predict the properties of complex nanoparticles. The study enables the synthesis of polyelemental nanoparticles with up to seven different elements, providing a vast playground for exploring novel catalysts and light-emitting nanostructures.
A recent study reconstructed the evolutionary history of amoebae, showing that life on Earth was more diverse than previously thought, with ancestors of Thecamoebians evolving at least 750 million years ago. This discovery changes our understanding of current climate change and provides new insights into the evolution of life.
Stem cell research reveals that aging brain stem cells enter a state of dormancy promoted by inflammatory signals, reducing their ability to regenerate neurons. However, blocking these inflammatory signals using antibodies increases dividing activity and improves neuron production.
LeVar Burton receives the Inamori Ethics Prize for his decades-long dedication to promoting children's literacy and supporting AIDS research. The award recognizes his tireless advocacy and impact on the human condition.
Scientists discover Zika virus has been circulating in Thailand since at least 2002, defying South American pattern of viral strain similarity. The finding highlights the need for effective long-term surveillance systems to monitor the virus's activity.
The study examines the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women, highlighting sex differences and conflicting evidence. The authors argue that more studies are needed to better understand OSA's impact on CVD outcomes in women, leading to personalized care.
A team of University of Central Florida researchers has developed the first supersymmetric laser array, which overcomes a long-standing problem in laser science. The findings have promising applications in various fields, including medicine, military, industry and communications.
Researchers develop AI algorithm to optimize traffic management in optical telecommunications networks, increasing efficiency by 30%. The new approach uses deep reinforcement learning and can learn autonomously without prior knowledge.
Researchers at the University of Manchester discovered that graphene's Hall effect becomes viscous due to electron-electron interactions. This phenomenon can lead to unique behaviors such as negative resistance and superballistic flow, even at room temperature.
Researchers developed a method to visualize climate risks and their cause-effect relationships across seven sectors, including water, food, energy, and more. The study identified 253 causal relationships between climate drivers and risk factors, highlighting the interconnectedness of climate impacts on human security and health.
Researchers found that nicotine disrupts cell-to-cell communication, decreases cell survival and alters gene expression in human embryonic stem cells. This study offers new insights into the effects of nicotine on individual organs and cells within the developing fetus.
A recent study found that flood mapping information in Canada is inadequate, incomplete and hard to locate, leaving homeowners exposed to significant financial risk. The study highlights the need for better information availability to help homeowners determine if their homes are at risk from flooding.
Analysis of genetic data from over 94,000 individuals has revealed five new risk genes for Alzheimer's disease and confirmed 20 known others. The study also implicated a genetic link to tau binding proteins and suggested that therapies developed for early-onset disease could be applied to late-onset Alzheimer's.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a novel flexible tube display that utilizes liquid droplets to create interactive surfaces. The system can take various surface shapes and provides information through streaming colored fluids, allowing for intuitive finger manipulation. This innovative technology has the potential to revo...
A study of 204 older adults found that medical marijuana reduced symptoms of chronic disease, including pain, sleep disorders, and anxiety, in 69% of participants. Additionally, one-third of participants reduced their use of opioids, making it a potential alternative treatment option.
Researchers developed soft, flexible wireless sensors to monitor premature babies in the NICU. These sensors allow physical bonding between baby and parent while providing clinical-grade measurements, replacing traditional wire-based sensors that pose a barrier to skin-to-skin contact.
For the first time, researchers from Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin have measured the 'Bereitschaftspotential' (readiness potential) outside a laboratory and under extreme conditions. This finding will help advance brain-computer interface development, enabling quadriplegics to control neuroprosthetics and regain hand function.
Researchers identified a brain circuit in singing mice that enables high-speed conversation-like exchanges, providing insights into the causes of speech disorders. The study uses Alston's singing mice as a novel mammalian model to examine brain mechanisms behind vocal turn-taking.
Scientists found that microtubule ends couple with kinetochores to direct chromosome segregation during cell division, and this process is similar to neuronal morphogenesis. The KMN network plays a critical role in both processes, suggesting a potential explanation for neurological conditions like microcephaly.
A NASA rover mission in the Mars-like Atacama Desert has recovered subsurface soil samples containing unusual microbes that are distributed in patches, related to limited water availability and scarce nutrients. The findings will aid the search for evidence of signs of life during future planned missions to Mars.
Researchers found that mothers infected with Zika also had dengue antibodies led to worse fetal brain damage. An immune complex forms when dengue antibodies attach to the Zika virus, recognized by a receptor on placental cells, allowing the virus to travel across the placenta.
A University of Queensland-led study reveals how quickly magma moves to the surface, providing a better understanding of volcanic systems. The research also sheds light on the internal 'plumbing' of volcanoes, improving frameworks for monitoring eruptions and unrest.
Researchers developed a mobile skin bioprinting system that can print bi-layered skin directly into wounds. The technology uses the patient's own cells, accelerating wound healing and reducing scarring.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a disorder where heart failure develops during or after pregnancy. Recent studies suggest angiogenic imbalance plays a key role, with soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1) and prolactin being important factors. The latest IPAC study recommendations are also referenced.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that genes in lung cells lose synchronized behavior with age, leading to changes in gene activity and metabolic pathways. The researchers also found alterations in the extracellular matrix surrounding lung cells, affecting protein composition.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can predict kidney transplant rejection up to two months in advance. By monitoring seven immune genes, doctors may be able to intervene before damage occurs, improving patient outcomes and organ lifespan.
A team of scientists has developed a new method for synthesizing nanographenes on non-metallic surfaces, including metal oxide surfaces. This innovation enables the creation of electronic nanocircuits that could replace existing microelectronics.
A study predicts that Asian elephants in India and Nepal will face significant habitat loss, with potential shifts towards higher elevations in the Himalayas. The research suggests that climate change and land use will compound existing threats to elephant populations.
Researchers at the Advanced Science Research Center have identified a mechanism by which metabolites inhibit epigenetic changes in brain-homing immune cells, which play a key role in multiple sclerosis. The discovery could lead to more specific and effective MS therapies.
A new drilling expedition has uncovered a dramatic and complex record of past changes in climate and sea level in the Gulf of Corinth. The research sheds light on how global climate fluctuations influence sedimentation rates, particularly for the earliest sediments deposited as new ocean basins form.
A research team developed a simple correlation to predict bubble diameter using nonlinear least square optimization, validating it with experimental data and literature results. The new correlation shows reasonable accuracy in predicting bubble diameter under various operating conditions.
A new study found that couples with the GG genotype in the oxytocin gene receptor reported greater marital satisfaction and feelings of security. This genetic variation affects social bonding and is linked to personality traits such as emotional stability and empathy.
Scientists from Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute identified how prostate cancer becomes treatment-resistant NEPC following targeted treatment. They found that an FDA-approved drug holds potential as a NEPC treatment and uncovered new therapeutic avenues to prevent transformation.
A new policy perspective published in Science warns that a ten-year delay in emissions reductions could negate natural climate solutions' benefits. Natural climate solutions like forest enhancement and carbon sequestration are not enough to meet the Paris Agreement's goals without rapid mitigation efforts.
The article highlights the challenges in predicting and stratifying cardiovascular risk in women due to sex-specific factors, traditional risk models' flaws, and inadequate representation of women in CVD research. This has led to a persistent gap in awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of ischemic heart disease in women.
The new rapid genetic test detects the Macrolide efflux gene A, which causes resistance to erythromycin and azithromycin. The test works as accurately as culture-based methods but gives results in minutes, improving point-of-care diagnostics and potentially leading to better outcomes.
A new pan-filovirus T-cell vaccine has been developed to protect against multiple filovirus species, including Ebola and Marburg. The vaccine induces killer T cells against conserved regions of inner filovirus proteins, offering potential protection against other known and unknown viruses in the filovirus family.
A Baylor College of Medicine study reveals extensive single Watson-Crick base pair mutations contribute to the characteristics of Potocki-Lupski and Smith-Magenis syndromes. The research identifies two groups of patients: those with recurrent and non-recurrent genetic changes.
Researchers found that cytosine base editors (BE3 and HF1-BE3) cause unexpected genome-wide off-target mutations in rice, with single-nucleotide variants predominantly occurring in transcribed genic regions. The high frequency of these mutations suggests a need for optimization to increase the specificity of cytosine base editors.