The National Academies' Gulf Research Program awarded over $340,000 to support the recovery of Gulf Coast scientific research efforts damaged or lost due to Hurricanes Harvey and Irma. Eleven grants were announced to help scientists recover from their losses and carry on with work strengthening the region's resilience.
A collaborative team of YNU and NTT researchers successfully observed petahertz electron oscillation, achieving the fastest measured in direct time-dependent spectroscopy. They characterized individual dephasing times and revealed benefits for controlling optical phenomena in electronic and photonic devices.
Researchers found that children with asthma often miss their daily medication due to barriers such as forgetfulness and running out of medication. The study suggests that improving communication among patients, families, and pediatric clinicians is crucial to ensure consistent use of daily anti-inflammatory medication.
A new gene therapy has successfully treated transfusion-dependent thalassemia, a blood disorder that requires frequent red blood cell transfusions. The treatment produced positive outcomes in an interim analysis of two international clinical trials, with most patients becoming transfusion-free.
A Mayo Clinic study found that anesthesia exposure before the third birthday has no significant impact on intelligence, but may affect fine motor skills and behavior. Children with multiple anesthetic exposures showed modest declines in these areas, as well as increased learning and behavioral problems.
A study from the University of Missouri found that electronic medical record documentation and direct patient care are the most common workflow interruptions in emergency departments, leading to increased workloads and decreased efficiency. The research suggests that changes in workflow could improve patient care and nurse productivity.
The study found that between 2009 and 2014, tree cover in urban areas declined by 0.7 percent, resulting in the loss of 36 million trees. This decline has significant impacts on air quality, energy costs, noise reduction, and human health. The annual benefits derived from US urban forests are estimated at $18 billion.
A new study found that forensic handwriting experts are marginally better than novices at estimating the frequency of specific features in handwriting samples, but with large overall error rates. The researchers advise courts to take a cautious approach when using experience-based likelihood ratios as evidence.
Children's National Hospital is leading a $5 million NIH grant to develop solutions for reducing pediatric firearm-related injuries. The project, called the Firearm-Safety Among Children & Teens Consortium (FACTS), aims to identify effective strategies and policies to lower pediatric deaths and injuries due to firearms.
Frequent cannabis use among young people is associated with decreased cognitive performance, which subsides with abstinence. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 69 studies found a significant link between heavy cannabis use and reduced cognitive function.
A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry offers practical guidance for doctors to approach diagnosis in a sensitive and individualized way. The research found that service-users prefer their diagnosis to be given face-to-face, with helpful information, and clearly leading to reciprocal discussions about care-needs and treatment.
A study has found structural and functional changes in muscles of young adults with Type 1 diabetes, leading to reduced metabolism and increased risk of disability.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory used computer modeling and novel molecule design techniques to study the detonation process of explosives. By replacing parts of a common explosive molecule, they were able to change its sensitivity properties.
Researchers at UCSF found a 56% increased risk of Parkinson's disease among veterans with concussion compared to those without traumatic brain injury. The study followed over 300,000 veterans for an average of 4.6 years and adjusted for age, sex, and other health conditions.
A microfluidic device developed by Lehigh University engineers can capture and release circulating tumor cells with high efficiency. The device's wavy-herringbone design and magnetic particles allow for selective capture of tumor cells while rejecting unwanted blood cells, enabling early cancer detection and treatment evaluation.
A gene therapy treatment for cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), a fatal degenerative brain disease, has been successfully tested in a clinical trial. The treatment halted the progression of the disease in 15 out of 17 boys who participated in the trial, leading to minimal or no symptoms and normal lives.
A compound derived from immune cells has been found to treat psoriasis in mice, with the potential to be effective against other autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The study suggests that the compound suppresses an inflammatory pathway that is overactive in these conditions.
A low-cost deworming drug has been shown to improve physical fitness in female farmers with hookworm infections, even at low infection levels. The benefits of the drug albendazole could be especially important in regions where women are the primary food producers.
Researchers find sunlight can activate organic molecules at ocean's surface, forming larger molecules that seed clouds. This process could impact temperature regulation on Earth, with implications for human health and visibility.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a novel induction heating structure that improves the efficiency and uniformity of MOCVD reactors. This innovation enables the production of high-quality boron nitride and aluminum nitride materials, which are crucial for flexible electronics, ultraviolet optoelectronics, and power electronics.
A synthetic gene network implanted under the skin monitors blood calcium levels to detect four common types of cancer, triggering a visible mole when a threshold is exceeded. Early detection increases survival chances by up to 98%, significantly improving treatment outcomes.
Many European countries have shortcomings in policies and programmes to support viral hepatitis elimination efforts, with notable gaps in national coordination and public awareness. The Hep-CORE study highlights the need for governments to address these issues and incorporate civil society perspectives into monitoring strategies.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified a protein strongly linked to metastatic breast cancer and its growth. High levels of ZMYND8 correlate with poor survival rates in breast cancer patients.
A US study found that approximately one pound of food per person was wasted daily from 2007-2014, resulting in significant environmental impacts. The research also showed a paradoxical relationship between diet quality and food waste, highlighting the need for simultaneous efforts to improve diet quality and reduce waste.
A Penn State researcher suggests that using online exchanges like Craigslist can reduce municipal solid waste by 2-6% annually, leading to millions of dollars in savings for large cities. This reuse behavior could also eliminate millions of tons of waste and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The Casey Strale Foundation has raised over $150,000 for TGen ACC research, supporting life-changing work by Dr. Sunil Sharma and his team in developing new treatments for this rare cancer. The foundation's efforts aim to honor the memory of teenager Casey Strale, who lost his battle with ACC.
The digitization of botanical collections data is revolutionizing the field of botany, making valuable information accessible for computational analysis. Methods and challenges for extracting data from specimens have been discussed, as well as applications for collections data once digitized.
Researchers have created soft robots with adaptable bodies, inspired by nature, to aid in search and rescue efforts, surgery, and rehabilitation. These flexible robots can crawl through narrow spaces and respond to environmental changes.
A new study found structural and functional changes in the muscles of young adults with Type 1 diabetes, leading to reduced metabolism and greater difficulty controlling blood glucose levels. The study suggests revising exercise guidelines for those with Type 1 diabetes to prevent muscle damage.
A recent study found that coho salmon became ill and nearly died after exposure to polluted stormwater, while chum salmon showed no signs of distress. The researchers are now investigating the physiological differences between the two species to understand why chum salmon are more resistant to toxic runoff.
A new gene therapy approach has been shown to reduce the need for blood transfusions in patients with severe beta-thalassemia. The treatment, known as LentiGlobin BB305 vector, was effective in eliminating the need for transfusions in 73% of patients, paving the way for potential treatment.
A recent study published in Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services found that social workers have the capability to mitigate impending financial calamity before it happens. Further training could strengthen their abilities to stave off foreclosure, supporting families in connecting with resources.
A team of researchers has discovered compounds that can regulate the circadian rhythm in human cells, including a well-known anti-aging supplement. The supplement was found to reduce jet lag symptoms in mice, providing hope for the treatment of circadian clock disorders arising from jet lag and shift work.
Researchers found that root exudates enhance soil aggregation and water repellency, particularly in sandy loam soils. The study sheds light on the complex interactions between plants and their surrounding soil, highlighting the importance of exudate production in plant nutrition and soil stability.
A new study found that fatty fish increases the size and lipid composition of beneficial HDL particles, while camelina oil decreases harmful IDL particle concentrations. Both changes can lower cardiovascular disease risk.
Japanese researchers at Osaka University have identified a key cellular protein, Ebf3, involved in maintaining the bone marrow niche. The study found that Ebf3-deficient CAR cells take on bone-synthesizing properties, which has significant clinical implications for regenerative therapies.
Researchers at CU Boulder explore galaxy NGC 6240 with two supermassive black holes, revealing how stellar winds and black hole winds combine to power down star formation. The study creates a massive cloud of gas in the shape of a butterfly, significantly impacting the galaxy's evolution.
The University of Texas at Arlington has developed a modular, multi-step water treatment system that can transform unconventional oil and gas waste into reusable water. The system requires multiple treatment modalities to remove contaminants, making it difficult to accomplish effectively and economically.
Researchers successfully created chirality-evolving gold nanoparticles with amino acids and peptides. The new synthesis method enables color modulation by controlling light polarization, paving the way for future displays.
Acute aortic syndrome is a group of conditions that can be challenging to diagnose due to similar clinical manifestations. Intravascular ultrasound imaging has been found to be useful in discerning the different forms of acute aortic syndrome, including aortic intramural hematoma.
A new study finds that Americans waste nearly a pound of food per person each day, with the amount of wasted food corresponding to harvests produced using 780 million pounds of pesticide and 1.8 billion pounds of nitrogen fertilizer annually. The study also found that higher quality diets were associated with higher levels of food waste.
A team of scientists has proposed a method to boost wireless power transfer over long distances using backward signal transmission. The study, published in Physical Review Letters, demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach in enhancing power transfer efficiency.
Dr. Jeffrey H. Samet, an internationally recognized expert in addiction medicine care and research, has been awarded the American College of Physicians' Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Award #1. He is being recognized for his innovative work in developing theory-based behavioral interventions to address substance use disorders.
A team of researchers has developed a framework to optimize fuel and resource usage in space travel. By considering multiple missions together, or campaigns, they can minimize launch mass and cost. The study also explores the use of propellant depots in space, which could significantly reduce fuel needs for future missions.
A new study suggests that adolescents and young adults with acute leukemia have a survival advantage when receiving treatment at pediatric cancer centers versus adult centers, particularly those affiliated with the National Cancer Institute. This is due to the more experienced care teams in these settings.
Researchers at Cardiff University have developed a new non-toxic method for delivering anti-cancer drugs to specific parts of the body, reducing harsh side effects. The new nanotube delivery method was found to be effective in treating breast cancer, with reduced rates of metastasis and tumour growth.
Researchers found that adult listeners can learn to recognize previously unfamiliar speakers from seeing only the motion they produce while talking, even with limited exposure. This discovery has important implications for personal and facial recognition technologies.
Researchers developed a quantitative pharmacodynamic assay for detecting apoptosis in fixed tumor tissue, resolving limitations of existing methods. The assay uses colocalization of γH2AX and cleaved caspase-3 markers to identify apoptotic cells with high accuracy.
Researchers at Max Delbrück Center found that a single spike from pyramidal cells can cause parvalbumin-expressing neurons to fire efficiently and even silence neighboring cells. This mechanism helps the brain filter subtle but important stimuli amidst noise, leading to better signal detection.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center have identified a unique protein in the malaria parasite's mitochondrion that could be targeted for a new vaccine. The protein, known as 'prohibitin,' plays a crucial role in the parasite's survival and is not present in human cells.
Researchers at University at Buffalo School of Management developed a new algorithm to establish pricing and allocate resources for cloud computing. The study provides practical formulas that companies can use to determine necessary resources and set charges for their customers.
A new study found that coal mining significantly reduces aquatic species abundance and richness in US streams. Despite regulations, mining continues to harm biodiversity, with some watersheds facing irreversible declines.
A new approach developed by engineers at the University of Washington and Carnegie Mellon University uses the keyboard as a two-dimensional way to access tables, maps and nested lists. The tool, Spatial Recognition Interaction Techniques (SPRITEs), lets blind and low-vision users navigate these kinds of sites much more successfully tha...
A new study published in Diabetes Care found that a tailored letter with personalized weight-gain recommendations improved pregnancy weight gain among women with gestational diabetes. The intervention, delivered via electronic health record data, resulted in a higher proportion of women meeting national weight-gain guidelines.
A new model predicts that the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos were formed from debris left over after a large impact between proto-Mars and a dwarf-planet-sized object. The model suggests that the moons' compositions will be similar to Mars, but they are expected to be dry due to lost water vapor.
A review of 41 trials involving over 1000 people with type 1 diabetes found that artificial pancreas systems provided almost two and a half extra hours of normal blood glucose levels per day. The treatment also reduced time spent in both hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia compared to other types of insulin-based therapy.
The Chain Reaction Innovations program at Argonne National Laboratory aims to accelerate the development of sustainable energy technologies. Eighty-three innovators from 26 states have been selected to participate in a two-year program focused on enhancing energy efficiency or sustainability, and overcoming complex scientific challenges.
A new study found that Republicans are more persuasive than scientists in correcting misinformation about climate change, despite being associated with denial. The researchers suggest that citing Republican elites endorsing the scientific consensus may be an effective way to persuade citizens.
Researchers present a case study on ischemic secondary mitral regurgitation, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary teams in managing this complex condition. Newer technologies provide new hope for patients, improving outcomes and treatment options.
The NTU Singapore robot assembled an IKEA chair with precision and speed, demonstrating its capabilities in dexterous manipulation. The robot uses a 3D camera and robotic arms equipped with grippers to pick up objects and execute tasks.
A new study found that corals on the northern Great Barrier Reef experienced a catastrophic die-off following the extended marine heatwave of 2016. The amount of coral death was closely linked to the amount of bleaching and level of heat exposure, with the northern third of the reef being the most severely affected.
Researchers have designed and synthesized molecules that can interact together to assemble complex molecular structures at the nanoscale. By mimicking biological self-assembly processes, chemists can learn new methods of chemical synthesis for nano/micro-structures.
Researchers have discovered a new material science concept that uses light to expand a two-dimensional nanosheet at incredible speeds. The nanosheet can expand up to 5.7% of its original size in sub-milliseconds, making it potentially useful for artificial muscles and soft robotic systems.
A collaborative effort found that CD32 identifies actively infected cells, not latently infected ones. The study challenges recent results suggesting CD32 as a preferential biomarker to identify HIV reservoirs.
Ancient European horse breeding practices likely contributed to the limited paternally-inherited Y chromosome diversity in modern horses. Selective breeding during the Iron Age may have reduced genetic variation, as humans prioritized reproductive success of selected stallions. The Roman Empire's shift towards male-based selective bree...
Researchers used computer-based methods to compare the physiological behavior of Neanderthals to today's humans, finding that their noses were able to transport twice as much air to the lungs than modern humans. This unique feature allowed Neanderthals to thrive in Ice Age environments and power their more strenuous lifestyle.
Researchers found that married patients with melanoma are more likely to present with early-stage tumors and undergo sentinel lymph node biopsies, leading to better patient outcomes. The study analyzed over 52,000 patients with no distant metastases from 2010 to 2014.
A study found that larger reserves and species similarity are key to effective conservation, but not all species receive equal protection. The research highlights the need for targeted attention for certain species in sagebrush country.
To address escalating costs of targeted cancer drugs, a Penn-led group proposes three solutions: defining minimum clinically meaningful effect sizes for FDA approval, Medicare negotiating prices for targeted cancer drugs, and prioritizing effective treatments by clinical benefit and price. The recommendations aim to balance clinical be...
A new study reveals the existence of a pseudogap state in 1T-TiSe2, which shares similarities with high-Tc cuprates. The discovery indicates that CDW and superconductivity do not compete in this material, providing insight into the superconducting mechanism and its interplay with CDW.
A new study developed a mathematical correction to improve crowd estimates by accounting for individual bias and social information. Researchers found that collective intelligence is highly predictable and can be improved with the right rules for collective estimation.
A large population of U.S. veterans with mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury were found to have a higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Those with mild traumatic brain injury had a 56% increased risk, while those with moderate to severe injuries had an 83% and 71% increased risk respectively.
Researchers found that female POMC neurons fire faster than male's due to the expression of gene TAp63, leading to increased energy expenditure and protection against weight gain. This novel mechanism may facilitate future gender-specific therapeutic strategies for obesity and related disorders.
Rice University scientists discovered that salt reduces the temperature at which elements interact in a chemical vapor deposition furnace, making it easier to form atom-thin layers. This process allows for the creation of novel materials with customized properties.
A new Mayo Clinic study reveals that transplanted livers regulate the host's immune responses and have a protective effect on other organs. This finding may pave the way for reduced immunosuppression needs in transplant patients.
A recent study found that the Pacific Walker circulation (PWC) weakens significantly after strong tropical volcanic eruptions (SVEs), leading to changes in rainfall patterns and extreme climate events worldwide. The research suggests that the cooling effect of SVEs on the Maritime Continent plays a dominant role in weakening the PWC.
A new study reveals a previously undocumented process where melting glacial ice sheets further accelerate ice melt and sea level rise by making the ocean's surface layer less salty and more buoyant. Fresh glacial meltwater prevents deep mixing in winter, allowing warm water at depth to retain its heat and cause further glacial melting.
The Building a Healthy Temple Diabetes Self-Management Support program integrates spirituality and health education to help Hispanics with type 2 diabetes manage the disease. The 14-week program aims to prevent complications such as amputation, kidney failure, and blindness by providing a supportive community.
Researchers at PTB have successfully measured some important properties of the thorium-229 nucleus using optical methods, bringing scientists closer to developing an optical nuclear clock. This breakthrough uses laser excitation to monitor the nucleus's behavior and could lead to a more precise atomic clock.
Researchers found that graphene's Poisson ratio, which determines material capability to shrink or extend in transverse dimension, varies depending on the applied tensile force. This discovery could help create new materials with required exotic properties and improve existing technologies.
New research from Duke University Medical Center found that ACL tears occur the same way in women and men, contradicting previous theories. The study used forensic analysis to examine bone bruises on knees of athletes with torn ACLs, revealing no significant difference in injury mechanism between sexes.
High-risk atherosclerotic plaque and cancer cells exhibit reprogrammed metabolism, which can be targeted with drugs to limit inflammation. The study proposes a novel approach for identifying dangerous plaque using PET cameras.
A team of scientists led by Professor Lim Chwee Teck at NUS has won a US$1.2 million Human Frontiers Science Program Research Grant for novel multidisciplinary work on cell collective migration on curved surfaces, aiming to advance tissue growth and repair in regenerative medicine.
Researchers developed a method to measure proton nuclear resonance dispersion profiles at low magnetic fields, revealing the water exchange rate of tumor cells. This enables direct assessment of tumor status and metabolic activity, which is characteristic of aggressive and highly metastatic tumors.
Researchers found that pepper plants metabolize triclocarban, an antibiotic commonly used in personal care products, into other molecules. The study suggests that these metabolites may have negative health effects, highlighting the need for further research on the impact of environmental triclocarban exposure on human health.
Scientists detected airborne polychlorinated biphenyl compounds in kitchens, linked to sealant decomposition. Higher levels were found in newer homes and emanated from finished cabinetry.
Scientists found that dominant Eurasian 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies can persist from winter to the following spring. This persistence is linked to a triple sea surface temperature anomaly pattern in the North Atlantic, which triggers an atmospheric wave train over the region.
Researchers found that simply being told a musician is professional changes the way the brain responds to music, with more activity in pleasure and reward regions for 'professional' recordings. Overcoming this bias requires conscious effort, as participants who resisted the bias showed increased executive control.
Researchers have developed a concept to preferentially inhibit pain-transmitting neurons using direct electrical current. The new approach could reduce side effects of conventional devices, allowing for more precise targeting of pain-transmitting nerve cells.
Researchers designed a scale-up nanoporous membrane centrifuge for reverse osmosis desalination, proving its feasibility through molecular dynamics simulations. The design overcomes two major obstacles: scaling up and fouling prevention, offering a self-cleaning mechanism and improved energy efficiency.
Assistant Professor Karin Gravare Silbernagel will investigate differences in recovery between males and females with Achilles tendinopathy, exploring individualized treatment approaches to improve outcomes. Her research aims to better understand the variabilities in tendon injuries and develop more efficient treatments.
Researchers at TU Wien and Medical University of Vienna have discovered that T cell antigen receptors operate alone, contrary to previous assumptions. This groundbreaking finding has significant implications for understanding immune responses and developing effective therapies against cancer and autoimmune diseases.
The European Commission considers a partial ban on valproate use in pregnancy amid concerns about physical abnormalities and developmental problems. Experts debate the balance between treatment efficacy and risk, highlighting the need for informed patient choice and regular review.
Researchers discovered malaria parasites in 21% of white-tailed fawns in Florida, with infected deer more likely to die during the first year. The study's findings suggest that young animals are particularly vulnerable to these parasites.
A world-first study found that people released from prison who have both mental illness and substance use problems are at a significantly increased risk of suffering injury. The research, conducted by the University of Melbourne, identified hospital records for 1307 people released from seven Queensland prisons over a five-year period.
A new study shows that rapid expansion of British Columbia's Take Home Naloxone program significantly reduced opioid overdose deaths. Between January 1 and October 31, 2016, the program prevented 226 deaths or 26% of all possible overdose-related deaths in that time period.
A new study by Swansea University researcher Andrew Lucas reveals vital behaviors of hoverflies in plant pollination. The research helps identify the plants hoverflies visit and provides advice to landowners on species-rich grasslands.
A MU study found that news coverage of Ebola focused on individual stories to humanize those affected, increasing public understanding and awareness. The researchers suggest that reporters covering health crises should consider writing human interest stories that also share helpful information.
A Korean research team developed a deep learning-based framework, DeepDDI, to predict 86 types of drug-drug and drug-food interactions. The model accurately predicts interactions for drug-pair constituent pairs with a mean accuracy of 92.4%.
A preliminary study found an investigational drug, RG7916, to increase survival and function in babies with type 1 spinal muscular atrophy by up to 6.5 times the normal amount of SMN protein. The study, which is ongoing, aims to determine if this treatment will provide meaningful benefits for children with SMA.
A Polish-Colombian team developed software using bee and cuckoo behavior to optimize flight routes, achieving measurable financial and environmental savings. The algorithm allows real-time modification of routes, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and operating costs.
Researchers at Tufts University have identified the neural circuit in the hypothalamus that mediates leptin's anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects. The study reveals two distinct mechanisms underlying leptin's inhibition of appetite, providing important insight into how leptin works and how resistance to it develops.
A new report from the Academy of Medical Sciences warns of the urgent need to address the global burden of multiple serious illnesses. The report suggests that millions worldwide suffer from life-long disability and premature death due to ineffective treatment of people with multiple health conditions.
Researchers have developed a type of 'harp' to collect fresh water from fog, outperforming traditional mesh devices. The new harp technology consistently collected more water than equivalent meshes at all wire diameters, with the finest wires collecting over three times the amount.
Researchers used fossilized algae to develop a sensitive method for detecting harmful contaminants in food, reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses. The new technique utilizes photonic crystal features to amplify optical detection signals, enabling rapid identification of toxins like histamine in fish and meat.
A 20-year Quebec study reveals socio-economic inequalities impact access to AIDS treatment, with HIV-infected individuals on social assistance struggling to initiate early ART. The study highlights the need to consider socio-economic factors in controlling the HIV epidemic, as delayed access can put patients' health at risk.
Ural Federal University has been awarded several state grants for its scientific research projects, with seven grants going to the Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics. The university's scientific groups are working on various topics, including remote sensing of the atmosphere and development of new hydro-metallurgical processes.
A bioengineered tattoo has been developed to detect elevated blood calcium levels in mice, offering a potential early diagnosis method for conditions like kidney failure and cancer. The tattoo becomes visible on the skin upon detection of high calcium concentrations, providing a proactive measure against diseases.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have characterized a complex receptor type that activates hunger suppression when activated. The discovery provides a crucial milestone in developing small-molecule therapeutics to treat obesity.
Researchers found that dogs have a more similar gene content to humans than previously thought, with changes in diet affecting both species' gut microbiota. The study suggests dogs could be used as models for human nutrition studies, providing insights into the impact of diet on obesity and overall health.
A new ancestor of modern sea turtles has been found in Alabama, dating back to the Late Cretaceous epoch. The discovery reveals two distinct species within the Peritresius clade, expanding the known evolutionary history of these marine reptiles.
Project ASSERT, a peer education program at Boston Medical Center, has been awarded the American College of Physicians' Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Award. The program uses team-based counseling to provide alcohol and substance use services, education, and referral to treatment for over 60,000 patients since 1994.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf developed a method to create and erase magnetic areas in an alloy using lasers, transforming its magnetic behavior. The process involves heating the alloy with ultra-short laser pulses, allowing it to form a magnet.
Researchers at UNLV have found that frog embryos can regenerate their entire eye within 3 to 5 days after injury, contradicting previous claims. This breakthrough has potential implications for human tissue regeneration and may lead to the development of new treatments for eye injuries.
The new technology, called Motion Model Ultrasound Localization Microscopy, allows for the tracking of individual microbubbles in real-time, enabling the reconstruction of fine vascular networks and monitoring of blood flow. This technique has potential applications in cancer treatment, particularly in sonoporation therapy.
University of Otago researchers identify and name a new genus of extinct baleen whale from New Zealand's Hakataramea Valley, dating back 27.5 million years. The Toipahautea waitaki was found with diagnostic earbones preserved, suggesting it fed like modern-day minke whales.
A recent $5 million NIH grant has funded a research consortium at Michigan Medicine to address firearm-related fatalities among children in the US, known as the second leading cause of death. The five-year effort aims to develop evidence-based solutions through an interdisciplinary group of scientists and stakeholders.
Researchers developed a nanodisc delivery system that combines chemotherapy with immune checkpoint blockers to eliminate tumors in 85% of treated mice. The therapy also showed an excellent response rate of 88% in a challenging model, and no overt side effects were detected.
A study by researchers at the University of Oxford and Exeter University found that general practices in England with the worst prescribing quality scores are 2.1 times more likely to prescribe homeopathy than those with the best scores. Poor prescribing performance is strongly associated with homeopathy use, but not with patient outco...
Researchers identified key molecular drivers in calcific aortic valve disease, including cells from the lamina fibrosa layer with high propensity to calcify. A precise omics-level molecular atlas of the aortic valve reveals potential therapeutic targets for developing pharmacological therapy.
A study published in JAMA Network found that early first deployments and shorter dwell times between deployments are associated with a higher risk of suicide attempts among soldiers. The research analyzed data from 593 soldiers who experienced a medically documented suicide attempt during or after their second deployment.
Researchers present a case study of an asymptomatic patient with severe mitral regurgitation who underwent successful repair. The study emphasizes the importance of timely intervention to avoid irreversible left ventricular dysfunction and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers recommend keeping a small dose of dantrolene on hand and having a fully stocked cart elsewhere, as the incidence of the reaction is low. Maintaining a fully stocked cart would divert funds from other patient safety initiatives.
A new study published in JAMA Dermatology reveals that dermatologists are more accurate than Physician Assistants (PAs) in diagnosing early stage skin cancers. For every suspected case of melanoma, PAs needed to biopsy over 39 pigmented lesions compared to just 25 for dermatologists.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health identified 11 safety measures that could potentially save over 250,000 lives annually in low- and middle-income countries. These interventions include speeding enforcement, formal swimming lessons for young children, and crèches to supervise young children.
The study found that the brain uses a two-step process to learn and categorize visual and auditory stimuli, allowing for easy building on previous content to learn novel information. This discovery could lead to the development of new methods to restore sensory deficits in individuals with disabilities.
A Japanese research team has developed an automated robot that greatly speeds up the collection and assembly of 2D crystals to form van der Waals heterostructures. The robot can detect 400 graphene flakes an hour, stacking four layers in just a few minutes with minimal human input.
The American College of Physicians is calling for a revised approach to performance measurement, citing 32 valid and 30 invalid measures in Medicare's MIPS program. The ACP analyzed 86 performance measures and found that many were inadequately specified, leading to misclassification of high-quality care as low-quality care.
Scientists have developed a portable sensor array that can detect tiny amounts of chemicals emitted by humans, even at levels as low as three parts per billion. The device is light, affordable, and compact, making it ideal for first responders to carry or drones to use in search and rescue operations.
A study published in Science Advances reveals significant differences in molecular machinery that turns on and off gene expression between cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. The research provides insights into the molecular apparatus involved in conscious thinking and may lead to the development of drugs to treat mental illnesses.
A new study from McMaster and York universities found structural and functional changes in the power generation parts of the cell, or mitochondria, of those with diabetes. These changes could result in reduced metabolism, greater difficulty controlling blood glucose and accelerated disability development.
Researchers highlight unique challenges of managing mitral regurgitation in women contemplating pregnancy, emphasizing clinical assessment and echocardiography as critical tools. Surgical intervention is recommended for symptomatic patients and those with progressive left ventricular dilation or low ejection fraction.
A new study shows that functional connectivity MRI can detect fundamental differences in how individual brains are wired, distinguishing healthy people from those with brain diseases or disorders. The technique was found to be powerful enough to distinguish people who were extraordinarily alike.
Researchers used word embeddings to measure changes in gender and ethnic stereotypes from 1900-2023, correlating with US Census demographic data. The study found quantifiable shifts in biases towards women and Asian Americans, highlighting the value of interdisciplinary collaboration between humanities and sciences.
A study published in Health Care for Women International found that Transcendental Meditation significantly improves the lives of single, illiterate mothers in Uganda by reducing stress and improving their health and ability to support themselves and their children. The research shows that the practice empowers these women to overcome ...