Researchers at Texas A&M University developed a mechanically robust conductive coating that maintains performance under stretching, bending, and twisting. The coating, based on two-dimensional metal carbides (MXenes), can be engineered onto various surfaces like cloth, fiber, glass, or plastic.
A multi-institutional study found that mandatory flu vaccines for health care workers increase participation by up to 30% and reduce absenteeism during critical patient surges. Vaccinated health care workers had a 30% reduction in absenteeism compared to non-vaccinated workers.
Researchers found adult fish change swimming trajectories in response to a change in the Earth magnetic field, even without visible light. They identified a candidate region in the brain that could lead to the discovery of magnetic receptor cells.
A new experiment by Iowa State University's Elizabeth Swanner simulated prehistoric oceans and found that much of the iron was reduced again into its dissolved form despite oxygenation by cyanobacteria. This unexpected result challenges traditional assumptions about how iron-rich sedimentary rocks are formed from ancient oceans.
Ocean conditions off the US West Coast are returning to average after a marine heat wave, but salmon catches remain depressed. Feeding conditions have improved for sea lions and seabirds, while plankton species have shifted back towards fat-rich, cool-water species beneficial for fish growth.
A new study from Abertay University found that women with heavy makeup are viewed less favorably as leaders. Researchers used computer software to manipulate images of a woman's face, revealing that both men and women evaluated her more negatively in leadership roles when she wore more makeup.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz have identified a promising route for designing an effective vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The study focused on the RSV G glycoprotein and found that protective antibodies target specific sites on the protein, which can induce an immune response.
A team of researchers has developed a new class of glass based on metals and organic compounds, with improved glass-forming ability and pliability compared to traditional silica glass. The new metal-organic compound glass, ZIF-62, exhibits superior mechanical properties and optical transmission.
Experts on quantum computing, including Antia Lamas-Linares, discussed the field's potential and applications at SXSW 2018. They focused on topics such as secure time synchronization and GPS protection, highlighting the importance of these areas in the future development of quantum technologies.
Researchers developed light-responsive vesicles that can deliver anticancer drugs at precise timing and location. The technology uses a near-infrared laser to break the vesicles apart, releasing the drug only in targeted areas, reducing damage to healthy tissue.
Electrically charging a plane could significantly reduce its risk of being struck by lightning, according to MIT researchers. The proposed system would charge the aircraft to a negative level to dampen the more highly charged positive end, preventing it from reaching a critical level and initiating a lightning strike.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins researchers found previously known skin itch receptors in the airways of mice, which appear to contribute to bronchoconstriction and airway hypersensitivity. The discovery may be a promising new target for developing drug therapies for asthma and other respiratory disorders.
A study led by Amita Sehgal has found that the permeability of the blood brain barrier fluctuates over 24 hours, with a molecular clock regulating this rhythm. The researchers suggest that timing the delivery of medications targeted to the central nervous system could improve outcomes for patients.
Researchers have identified plant-derived volatiles with potent vapour-phase-mediated anti-Candida activity, offering a potential solution to the growing problem of drug resistance. Approximately half of the tested essential oils and their components showed activity against the most drug-resistant type of Candida.
Researchers Nelly Andarawis-Puri and Johnny Huard received Kappa Delta Awards for their work on tendon healing and remodeling, and the use of adult stem cells in musculoskeletal tissue repair. Their research has led to a better understanding of how tendons heal and how to develop more effective treatments for musculoskeletal injuries.
A new study reveals that the majority of mining-related injuries and illnesses in Illinois go unreported to the federal agency responsible for tracking these events. Researchers found that only 34% of cases were captured by the Part 50 program, highlighting the need for improved reporting rates.
AbeXXa Biologics has partnered with global pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim to develop a novel approach to cancer immunotherapy. The partnership aims to create personalized therapies tailored to each patient's tumor using atypical HLAs, which have less variability than classical HLAs.
Researchers will collect data on community activity spaces and participant behavior using smartphones. The goal is to better understand how people with severe mobility impairments adapt to life after SCI and the role of the environment in their daily lives.
Scientists used data from three NASA satellites to create a 3D model of coronal mass ejections and their associated shocks, confirming long-held theoretical predictions. The new models provide detailed information on shock density, speed, and strength, essential for assessing the danger CMEs pose to astronauts and spacecraft.
A study from Umea University found that people who use moist snuff have significantly higher levels of protein cornulin in their blood. Lifestyle factors can influence background levels, and the researchers hope to find disease-detecting proteins in the future.
A study by the University of Edinburgh found that nearly half of stroke patients die within six months of admission. Healthcare staff should address emotional needs and prepare families for the possibility of death or disability.
A study found that gut microbes influence parasitic worm infection severity and recurrence in developing countries. The researchers identified specific gut bacteria associated with increased inflammation, which may make it harder for worms to establish themselves.
A team of researchers analyzed how diverse social norms impact cooperation using game theoretical methods. They found that adopting 'dividualism' leads to the extinction of a norm assessing helpful behavior towards bad individuals, contradicting previous research based on individualism.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have identified a cell process called senescence as a contributing factor to bile duct disease and liver failure. The study found that blocking chemical messages sent by cells during senescence restores liver function in mice, pointing towards new treatment targets.
A five-year grant will help researchers study arsenic's impact on pancreatic beta cells and the protective effects of selenoproteins. The study aims to identify factors that counteract arsenic's effects and potentially develop interventions for diabetes prevention.
Researchers are testing a new combination of cirmtuzumab and ibrutinib to eradicate leukemias and other blood cancers. The trial aims to determine the safety and effectiveness of the duo's treatment, which could potentially lead to complete remissions without continuous therapy.
The Microplants project uses online tool Zooniverse to enable citizen science volunteers to analyze photos of liverworts, measuring their primitive leaflike structures. Over 11,000 users assisted in analyzing liverwort photos, contributing to research that can inform environmental policy.
The USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture has awarded grants totaling $2.6 million to support innovative ideas in agriculture and food production through the Exploratory Research Grants (ERG) program. The grants aim to develop proof of concept for untested ideas that will lead to positive disruption of the agricultural norm.
Patients who receive treatment during periods when interventional cardiologists are away at academic conferences experience a substantial increase in survival rates compared to those treated on matched days. The improvement is primarily driven by a group of patients with a specific type of heart attack that does not require immediate s...
A large-scale intervention in China improved agricultural efficiency while reducing environmental impact among 20.9 million smallholder farmers, yielding a 10% increase in grain output and a 15-18% decrease in fertilizer use.
The James Webb Space Telescope will study the chemical complexity of molecular clouds to understand the origin and evolution of water and other key molecules. By observing icy layers, protoplanetary disks, and individual stars, scientists aim to determine whether life-building blocks exist in every star system.
Researchers present sustainable embedded wireless systems that minimize carbon footprint and energy consumption in IoT devices and applications. The conference covers topics such as reliability, security, emerging networking paradigms and protocols, and proposals for increasing energy efficiency in smart homes and cities.
Rising temperatures and carbon dioxide levels drive tree mortality in the tropics, with nearly all factors contributing to the decline. Trees face two main phenomena: carbon starvation from lack of food and hydraulic failure due to water scarcity.
Researchers identified an overabundance of calnexin protein in MS brain tissues, leading to resistance in mice models. This finding offers a promising target for developing new therapies to combat the disease.
A new study has identified the earliest stages of evolution where distinct sperm and egg cell types first emerged from a simpler ancestral mating system. The research found that the sex-determining region associated with male-female differentiation in algae is surprisingly small, consisting of only one gene called MID.
A new study by Georgia State University found that social stress causes changes in gut bacteria in Syrian hamsters, regardless of who wins or loses. The researchers discovered that even a single exposure to social stress leads to changes in the gut microbiota, similar to what is seen following other physical stressors.
A Norwegian University of Science and Technology study found that women who initiate sex are less likely to regret it due to their ability to make autonomous decisions. The researchers also discovered that quality matters, with women feeling less regret if the partner is skilled and they feel sexually satisfied.
A UCLA research team has developed a method to create artificial superlattices comprising ultra-thin two-dimensional sheets with drastically different atomic structures. This allows for the confinement of electronic and optical properties to single active layers, enabling faster and more efficient semiconductors and advanced LEDs.
Researchers analyzed personality traits of over 3 million US and 417,000 UK voters to find that regions with higher neuroticism traits voted more for Trump or Brexit. Education levels also played a role in mitigating the impact of fear-mongering campaigns.
A new study suggests that serotonin enhances active persistence in a task, even in the face of uncertainty. This challenges previous ideas about serotonin's role in behavior and may help understand depression treatment.
A multi-institutional study found that mandatory flu vaccines for healthcare workers increased vaccination rates by up to 30% and reduced absenteeism by about 6%. Vaccinated healthcare workers had a 30% lower rate of absenteeism compared to non-vaccinated colleagues.
The Brazilian savanna has significant natural regeneration potential, but its resilience is limited to tree regrowth. Human management, including exotic grass eradication and native plant reintroduction, is necessary to restore degraded areas to typical Cerrado with rich biodiversity.
Researchers discovered Hawaiian stick spiders consistently evolve the same ecomorphs on various islands, allowing for camouflage against specific predators. This phenomenon provides a unique window into predictable evolution and sheds light on Hawaii's diverse and vulnerable ecosystems.
Researchers have created a model predicting the velocity and height of jet aerosols produced by bubbles in seawater and sparkling wine. The study found that viscosity is crucial in determining aerosol production, with optimal bubble sizes ranging from 10-20 microns.
A team of researchers is creating a comprehensive database on US school shootings, tracking incidents since 1990. The National Institute of Justice project will help law enforcement and school administrators understand the causes of K-12 school violence and inform effective prevention strategies.
A mandatory educational session on opioid abuse and new prescribing guidelines led to a significant decrease in opioids prescribed after hand surgery. The study found a 45% reduction in opioids prescribed, suggesting that similar standardized education and guidelines could reduce over-prescription nationwide.
A new study warns that Mekong River dams could cause irreversible ecological damage and force the resettlement of millions of people. The dams would affect the seasonal pulse of the river, change fish diversity and abundance, and impact downstream water flows.
Researchers at ASRC create a new, efficient method for printing biochips using microfluidic techniques and beam-pen lithography. This technique allows for more probes to be imprinted onto a single chip, improving the understanding of biological pathways and reducing costs.
New research suggests that vitamin D may protect heart tissue and reduce the risk of heart failure after a heart attack. The study found that vitamin D prevents excessive scarring and thickening of heart tissue following a heart attack, which can lead to heart failure.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that menopausal hormone therapy is not associated with adverse changes in cardiac structure and function, but may be linked to some healthier heart characteristics. The research examined 1,604 post-menopausal women and found significantly smaller left ventricular and left atrial chamber volumes.
Engineers at Nokia successfully transmitted 78 interleaved 400 Gb/s channels with a 31.2 Tb/s fiber capacity in real-time bidirectional transmission, surpassing previous demonstrations. The setup utilized commercially available transponders and standard fibers to achieve high spectral efficiency.
The Physicians Committee's new app provides comprehensive nutrition information for nearly 100 medical conditions, addressing key issues like diabetes, heart disease, and obesity. Developed in partnership with Unbound Medicine, the app is designed to support clinicians in their daily practice.
A team of scientists from Cornell University and the University of Chicago has successfully created atomically thin fabrics by stitching different materials together. The resulting single-layer materials exhibit perfectly aligned crystals with minimal defects, opening up possibilities for flexible LEDs and new electronic devices.
Current initiatives to improve antibiotic use in outpatient settings may be insufficient, researchers say. A study found that antibiotics are prescribed at alarming rates in these locations, with seasonal variation in prescribing rates observed.
Neuroscientists at KU Leuven developed an EEG-based method to objectively and automatically assess speech understanding. The technique, which uses 64 electrodes, can measure brainwaves while a person listens to a sentence and determine whether they have understood it.
Rick D. Wilkerson, DO is the recipient of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) 2018 Humanitarian Award for his humanitarian efforts abroad. He has made significant contributions to orthopaedic care in countries such as Haiti, Iraq, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Libya, and Uganda.
A study found exposure to fine particles during fetal life may cause permanent brain damage and contribute to impaired cognitive function in school-age children. Brain abnormalities, including a thinner outer layer of the brain cortex, were linked to difficulty with inhibitory control and related mental health problems.
A study found that stressed individuals performed equally well as relaxed individuals in a categorization task, but their brains showed increased activity and used additional brain regions. The researchers believe this compensation mechanism allows for good performance despite stress.
Research from Uppsala University suggests that digital gaming has no impact on social connections among teens. Teenagers who identify as gamers tend to form close relationships with peers sharing similar interests.
A study using digital games with 270 participants found that individuals with mental health problems contribute to the common good, but are also vulnerable. The results highlight the importance of social capital and cooperation among caregivers and professionals for community integration and recovery.