A new discovery about the immune system may allow doctors to treat harmful inflammation that damages the brain in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. The finding could also be used to save patients from deadly sepsis, a full-body infection that kills hundreds of thousands of Americans every year.
Researchers found that North Atlantic right whales produce clearer, longer calls with age, defying previous predictions of physical maturity. This study suggests that whales have more control over their voices, potentially sending more complex information.
Researchers simulated a sea slug's decision-making process in Cyberslug, a virtual environment that mimics the creature's behavior. The study found that hunger and learning ability are crucial attributes in regulating prey consumption, laying the groundwork for more complex models of AI decision-making.
A new study published in Radiology found that imaging services played a crucial role in managing Olympic athletes with sports-related injuries and disorders. The study showed that MRI was used for nearly 60% of all imaging performed for diagnosis, highlighting its importance in fast and relevant diagnoses.
New research reveals that global fossil fuel emissions of hydrocarbons, particularly ethane and propane, have been significantly underestimated. These pollutants are harmful in large cities, forming ozone that directly links to increased mortality. The study calls for further investigation into methane emissions from natural gas sources.
The discovery of nucleophosmin's self-interaction mechanism could advance understanding of ALS and acute myeloid leukemia. Nucleophosmin plays a critical role in regulating the construction of ribosomes, which assemble proteins using RNA genetic code.
Researchers have created a novel non-invasive method to quantify untapped natural gas reservoirs by analyzing the compositional distribution on porous surfaces inside shale rocks. This method provides both average and deviation values of material properties, aiding decision-making in the industry.
A new study of 2,000 women found no association between long-term exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) and breast cancer risk, contradicting previous links to bladder cancer. However, high levels of chloroform were linked to a moderate association with breast cancer in some cases.
A study of 20 couples found that brain-to-brain coupling during handholding was associated with pain reduction in the female partner. The phenomenon, known as social touch analgesia, may be linked to increased empathic accuracy between partners.
Researchers recommend routine screening for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in offenders to improve medical support and reduce crime. Young people with TBI are at greater risk of early, violent offending due to compromised neurological functions and increased risk of behavioral disorders.
A special receptor called dectin-1 recognizes a protein found in house dust mites, cockroaches, shellfish, and other invertebrates, suppressing immune reactions to these common allergy triggers. The discovery suggests new ways to treat or prevent allergies and asthma, which affect tens of millions in the US.
Machine learning techniques can reconstruct a quantum system based on relatively few experimental measurements, allowing scientists to thoroughly probe complex systems exponentially faster than conventional methods. This method benefits the development of quantum computers and other applications of quantum mechanics.
A new study by University of Illinois researchers found that students who behaved responsibly in high school, showed interest, and had good writing skills tend to earn higher incomes and have higher occupational prestige 50 years later. Education was the factor mediating this relationship.
A study published in Hypertension Journal found that targeting a specific miRNA-mRNA pathway may reduce cocaine-induced cardiovascular disease. The researchers discovered that activating this pathway leads to increased reactive oxygen species, causing damage and cell death.
Marine animals such as seals, whales, sharks, turtles, seabirds, and others exhibit similar movement patterns globally, despite differences in geography, phylogeny, or travel mode. In coastal areas, tracking data show complex search behavior, while open ocean movements are more predictable.
A meta-analysis of 39 studies found that 1 in 7 young people under 18 send sexts, while 1 in 4 receive them. The study aimed to inform policy and future research on sexting among this age group.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that Spinraza significantly improves outcomes for children with spinal muscular atrophy type 2, who have not yet begun to walk. The drug also shows promise for reversing muscle weakness and improving mobility.
A groundbreaking study published in eNeuro finds that low-dose ketamine promotes resilience to future adverse events in female rats, similar to its effects in males. The researchers identified a neural circuit involving the prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphe nucleus responsible for ketamine's stress-reducing properties.
A new study by Ohio State University found that cleaning up beaches in Orange County, California could bring in significant economic benefits, ranging from $13 to $42 per resident. The research estimated that reducing ocean debris by 25-75% could lead to a $46 million boost to the county's economy in just one summer.
Researchers found that social-circle questions led to more accurate predictions for election outcomes than traditional polling methods. Social-circle questions provide information about people who aren't explicitly included in the sample and can help anticipate the processes of social influence.
Researchers found that golden-winged warblers from declining populations spend winters in northern South America, while stable populations spend winters in Central America. This strong link between breeding and non-breeding areas suggests that tropical habitats may be crucial for the species' survival.
Using an automated external defibrillator (AED) increases cardiac arrest survival, especially when applied by a bystander before emergency responders arrive. The American Heart Association found that nearly 66% of victims who received a shock from a publicly-available AED survived to hospital discharge.
A recent study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that a collaborative care intervention significantly improved depression and fatigue in patients with chronic heart failure. While it did not affect their overall health status, the treatment offered benefits to these patients' quality of life.
In a series of experiments, researchers found that infants prioritize ingroup support over fairness when resources are limited. The study involved 72 participants aged 18-20 months and 48 participants aged 25-33 months, who observed resource-allocation events involving a puppet distributor and two potential recipients.
Researchers can now study pollutants and emissions more comprehensively by tracking the changing chemistry of carbon molecules in the air. A new method established by Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz allows for accurate depiction of a compound's behavior over time.
Researchers aim to understand BPA's pro-arrhythmic effects and its potential cardiac toxicity using animal models and human data from the Fernald Medical Monitoring Program. The study also examines the cardiac impact of Bisphenol S (BPS), a substitute for BPA.
Researchers found a unique deposit in upper meter of marsh sediments, suggesting the 1861-62 storm season was erosive enough to remove coastal barriers. The team used sediment cores and analyzed European crop pollen and spheroidal carbonaceous particles to confirm the deposit's age.
Eczema patients' skin shows shorter lipids that protect less effectively, allowing irritants to enter and setting the stage for lesions. An allergic immune response shortens lipids, making skin more susceptible to eczematous lesions.
A proof-of-concept study reveals that mass dog vaccination can effectively eliminate human exposure to rabies in Africa. The research found that with over 65% of a city's dog population vaccinated, the risk of transmission was significantly reduced.
A global scientific review finds that systemic pesticides like neonicotinoids are not as effective as once thought and can be replaced by alternative pest-management strategies. The study identifies diverse approaches, including ecological corridors, crop rotation, and biocontrol, to reduce environmental harm.
A recent study by Lehigh University identifies key principles for responsible short-term global health activities, emphasizing the need for host partner control, sustainability, and respect for governance standards. The study aims to address criticisms of volunteer trips in underserved communities.
Researchers found evidence of early human impacts on African rainforests, with a switch from mature rainforest to forest-savannah mosaic occurring around 3,000 years ago. Human population growth and land-use changes are thought to have driven this transition, contradicting the current consensus that climate change was the primary cause.
The research aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of LHSC's personalized medicine program, which uses pharmacogenomics to predict patient responses to medications. The study will compare patient outcomes with those in the province using provincial health care data.
Researchers found that the chemical compositions of halo stars match those of outer disk stars, suggesting they originated from the galaxy's own disk. This discovery reveals a more complex dynamics of the Milky Way, indicating that groups of stars in the disk can be relocated to distant realms within the galaxy.
Researchers at NIH have cured mice with Chuvash polycythemia, a life-threatening disorder that involves overproduction of red blood cells. The study suggests that Tempol or a similar drug may treat polycythemias in humans, such as mountain sickness.
A study estimates that reforesting US topsoils stores 13-21 million metric tons of carbon annually, equivalent to 10% of the country's forest-sector carbon sink. Over a century, this could sequester up to 2.1 billion metric tons of carbon.
Researchers at QUT have developed nano 'sieves' that can separate molecules up to 10,000 times finer than a human hair. The discovery opens the door to early detection of cancer through blood tests and creation of smart materials with novel functions.
The American College of Cardiology's Patient Navigator Program has shown significant improvement in transitioning heart attack and heart failure patients from hospital to home, reducing readmissions and in-hospital mortality. Hospitals participating in the program have increased prescriptions of life-saving medications, scheduled follo...
In-flight medical emergencies are increasing due to longer flights and more passengers with pre-existing conditions. The Canadian Medical Association has developed guidelines to help healthcare professionals respond, outlining available medical equipment, environmental challenges, and airlines' policies.
A recent study by Colorado State University found that biofuels produced from switchgrass can store carbon in the soil, sequestering it and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The research used a simulation model to analyze various growing scenarios, finding a climate footprint ranging from -11 to 10 grams of carbon dioxide per mega-joule.
Researchers found that repurposed leukemia drugs can inhibit the secretion of pro-metastatic cathepsins in melanoma. This is due to ABL kinases increasing activity, which regulates transcription factors and induces gene expression. The study also showed that approved leukemia drug inhibitors prevent metastasis.
Researchers led by Kevin Messacar have found that Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a likely cause of Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM), a rare illness affecting children. The study advances prevention and treatment efforts, with improved awareness, surveillance, and investigations underway.
Recent heavy rainfall and melting snow have caused widespread flooding across the central and southern US, from the Gulf Coast to the Great Lakes. NASA's rainfall analysis found above-normal precipitation in parts of the upper Midwest, exacerbating the flood threat.
Researchers used 3D digital models to reconstruct Cloudina fossils, finding they were detritus and not the architects of early animal reefs. The study suggests reef building likely emerged around 20 million years later than initially thought.
This study characterizes the monofloral honey of Zygophyllum album L from El-Oued, Algeria, revealing high acidity, conductivity, phenolic compound content, and antioxidant activity. The results suggest this dark honey has potential therapeutic properties and warrants further investigation.
The new guidelines aim to standardize data capture in high altitude research, enabling researchers to replicate studies and compare findings. The guidelines provide a structured approach for collecting data on factors such as local conditions, study participants' characteristics, and medical history.
A new study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that certain phishing strategies are more effective than others in deceiving victims. The study identified tactics like communicating failure, using an authoritative tone, and expressing a shared interest as successful approaches.
A recent study has found that a layer of weathered bedrock can store significant amounts of water that may sustain trees during droughts. Researchers discovered that up to 27% of annual rainfall was stored as 'rock moisture' in the field site, allowing trees to survive severe droughts.
New research finds that high workloads and targets lead to psychological stress, demotivation, and reduced initiative among healthcare staff. This exposes healthcare services to major risk of staff shortage and inoperability during disasters.
Researchers have identified two distinct types of vision-degrading glaucoma and pinpointed key genes associated with the condition. The study also suggests that exercise can help reduce eye pressure and provides a potential new point of intervention for treating glaucoma.
A new study by researchers at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center found no evidence of a link between hormonal birth control and depression. Dr. Brett Worly notes that while some groups may be at higher risk of depression, including adolescents and postpartum women, this is not due to the birth control itself.
A study by the University of Waterloo found that moderate anxiety enhances memory recall in individuals, while high anxiety levels distort neutral information and negatively impact performance.
Researchers have discovered an active microbial community in the Atacama Desert's most arid zones, which becomes metabolically active following periodic moisture increases. The findings have implications for the search for life on Mars, suggesting that past conditions may have supported life that could endure hyper-arid environments.
New research found that people rationalize policies and politicians as soon as they take effect, reporting more favorable opinions after the policy becomes a reality. This suggests that public opinion polls may overestimate opposition to new initiatives once they are implemented.
A study of over half a million Americans reveals that perceptions of aging shift as people get older, with younger adults viewing older age as negative and older adults feeling younger, while ideal retirement ages vary by age group.
A new model forecasts influenza spread based on commuter data, predicting disease onset weeks up to 6 weeks in advance. The method outperforms traditional models when analyzing state-level transmission, offering a promising approach for future outbreak prediction and real-time monitoring.
Researchers found that participants who closely adhered to a DASH-style diet were less likely to develop depression than those who did not. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Aging, evaluated 964 participants and showed an association between a healthier diet and lower rates of depression.
A study published in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association found that low magnesium levels can make vitamin D ineffective for metabolization. Patients with optimal magnesium levels require less vitamin D supplementation to achieve sufficient levels.
Researchers developed a new method to extract valuable symptom information from doctors' notes, capturing the complexity of psychiatric disorders. The approach was applied in two studies, identifying genes associated with psychiatric symptoms and predicting hospital stay length.
Researchers have developed a safer and more specific CRISPR/Cas9 system to treat Huntington's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a defective gene. The new technique successfully inactivates the mutant gene and reduces toxic protein synthesis, offering hope for a potential cure.