Articles tagged with Bacterial Infections
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Researchers found that multi-drug tolerant organisms can form within days of infection in zebrafish and grow inside host macrophages, helping to promote the continuation of TB. Inexpensive drugs like verapamil may block tolerance mechanisms, potentially shortening treatment duration.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases article explores possible explanations for NDM-1 cases in Balkan countries. Authors suggest two hypotheses: independent emergence or import from the Indian subcontinent via medical tourism.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool identified a particularly virulent strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, known as the 'superbug', that causes aggressive infections in cystic fibrosis patients. The team used new DNA sequencing technology to understand how the bacteria adapts to infect patients and develop targeted treatments.
A new Johns Hopkins Children's study suggests that timely and proper wound cleaning and draining may be more important than the choice of antibiotic in treating MRSA skin infections. The researchers found that 95% of children recovered completely within a week, regardless of which antibiotic they received.
Scientists have identified a compound found in Eastern Red Cedar trees that effectively fights methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. The compound's discovery could lead to the development of new treatments for deadly MRSA infections, which are resistant to most medications.
A new anti-microbial collar is being designed to prevent bacterial infections associated with broken bones, reducing infection rates by up to 85%. The device aims to kill bacteria before they can spread, and could reduce NHS costs by avoiding complications.
Researchers have discovered a new way to combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by targeting the bacteria's RNA degradation process. The approach, which uses an inhibitor called RNPA1000, shows promise against MRSA biofilms and other antibiotic-resistant strains.
Researchers have discovered a novel molecular mechanism that triggers plant infection by Pseudomonas syringae, a bacterium responsible for bacterial speck in tomatoes. The two-gene system is an evolutionary innovation that has provided the bacteria with a selective advantage, allowing them to infect a wide range of plants.
A study published in American Journal of Infection Control found that MRSA screening in ICUs can be cost-effective and save hospitals money. The research estimated that the screening could result in savings of almost $500 per hospital admission under optimal assumptions.
A study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers found that certain strains of Listeria monocytogenes can invade the heart, leading to serious and difficult-to-treat cardiac infections. The bacteria display modified proteins that enable easier entry into cardiac cells, making them a new target for treatment.
Research reveals how Staphylococcus aureus bacteria adapt to evade the immune system and antibiotic treatments by forming small colony variants. These 'dormant forms' can persist within host cells for weeks, leading to relapsing infections.
A sub-population of Listeria monocytogenes displays enhanced cardiac tissue infectability, increasing the risk of serious cardiac disease. Diagnostic tests based on bacterial genetic markers could protect vulnerable groups.
Researchers have discovered a new method to fight bacterial infections associated with contact lenses, breaking apart molecular scaffolding that encases bacteria and reducing infection rates by 79.2%. The treatment has promising early results for treating microbial keratitis, cystic fibrosis, and severe burns.
A new company, Fixed Phage Limited, has been launched to commercialize technology developed at the University of Strathclyde to tackle bacterial infections and contamination. The technology uses bacteriophages, naturally occurring viruses that are non-toxic but effective against bacteria.
New research reveals that odontoblast cells in teeth orchestrate an immune response to protect against bacteria-induced decay. The cells produce proteins that down-regulate inflammation, protecting the underlying pulp from damage.
Research reveals erythropoietin (EPO) has contrasting influences on infectious and inflammatory diseases. EPO reduces the ability of the immune system to fight off systemic infections but decreases inflammation in non-infectious conditions.
A team led by Caroline Genco is studying the cellular mechanisms responsible for immune system activation and its link to chronic inflammation caused by persistent bacteria. The study focuses on two pathogens, Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Porphyromanas gingivalis, which can lead to atherosclerosis and other systemic diseases.
Scientists have developed a stable RNA nanoparticle that can power biological motors and resist enzyme breakdown, paving the way for RNA nanotechnology applications. This innovation could lead to new treatments for cancer, viral, and genetic diseases.
A University of Rochester Medical Center team has discovered an antibody that stops MRSA bacteria from growing, potentially leading to a vaccine. The researchers found that the antibody targets the glucosaminidase protein, breaking the bacteria's armor and preventing replication.
Recent research suggests that P. acnes within the body may be the cause of infections, contradicting previous assumptions about contamination from skin. This oversight could lead to incorrect diagnoses and complications if treated with the wrong bug.
Converting hospital ICUs to private rooms significantly reduces patient-acquired infections, including a 54% decrease in combined MRSA, VRE, and C difficile infections. The average ICU length of stay also decreases by an estimated 10% after transitioning to private rooms.
Bacteria, specifically Enterobacter hormaechei, found in excised atherosclerotic plaque tissue of patient who suffered a heart attack. The data suggest that chronic infection may underlie the process of atherosclerosis.
The Infectious Diseases Society of America has released its first-ever guidelines for the treatment of MRSA, which may mean not prescribing antibiotics for less complicated forms of infection. The guidelines address treatment of both common and invasive MRSA, a potentially deadly infection responsible for 18,000 deaths annually.
Hospitalized children in the US are experiencing a rise in Clostridium difficile infections, with increased risks of death, longer hospital stays and colectomy. Certain groups, such as white children and those with private insurance, are more susceptible to infection.
Researchers found 94% of samples contained bacterial remnants from previous infection, with seasonal differences between dry and rainy seasons. Environmental factors, such as cow dung and animal exposure, may contribute to the development of hydrocephalus.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have developed a new screen to isolate virulent parts of pathogenic bacteria, enabling quicker identification of key areas for vaccine development. The technique has been used to study Burkholderia pseudomallei, a deadly human disease-causing bacteria.
The innate immune system deploys two effective strategies to deal with invasive bacterial infections, including an emergency backup plan involving interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which stimulates white blood cell production. However, this backup system can also lead to chronic inflammation and organ damage if not managed properly.
Researchers recommend selective use of antibiotics to treat Acute Otitis Media in children, while employing watchful waiting in non-critical cases to combat treatment-resistant bacterial strains. The study aims to reduce the emergence of new resistant bacterial strains.
A study published in Journal of Medical Microbiology found that low-temperature plasma was effective in killing drug-resistant bacteria causing wound infections, and increased the rate of wound healing. Plasma therapy may offer a promising method to treat chronic wound infections where other approaches fail.
A new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that cranberry juice had no significant effect on reducing the recurrence of urinary tract infections. Among participants who suffered a second infection, those who drank cranberry juice showed a higher recurrence rate compared to those who received a placebo.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that second-hand smoke exposure doubles the likelihood of invasive meningococcal disease in children, with strongest effects seen in youngest age groups. The study suggests reducing second-hand smoke exposure can reduce deaths and illness caused by invasive bacterial diseases.
Researchers from NIH have discovered a specific protein, PSM-beta, that biofilms use for growth, detachment and dissemination. Interfering with this protein could provide a way to stop the spread of biofilm-associated infection.
Researchers have identified bacterial products that enable Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms to detach from surfaces, leading to infection. Inhibiting these mechanisms could provide a new approach to preventing biofilm-associated infections.
Researchers have discovered a link between decreased alpha-2 integrin expression and increased tumor dissemination in breast and prostate cancer patients. Additionally, targeting blood vessel growth has been found to alleviate psoriasis symptoms by reducing angiogenesis.
A study of 10 nursing homes in California found that 31% of residents carried MRSA, with rates varying widely between facilities. The findings suggest that some nursing homes are effective in containing the bacteria, but more research is needed to understand their strategies.
Critically ill patients with bloodstream infections and pneumonia face a greatly increased risk of dying, but the impact of antimicrobial resistance on patient outcomes is relatively small. The study analyzed data from over 500 intensive care units in ten European countries, finding that infections directly worsen outcomes for patients.
A study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that IBD patients with hospital-acquired infections experience increased mortality and prolonged hospital stays. The majority of infections among hospitalized IBD patients are health-care associated, with severe liver disease patients being at highest risk.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have discovered that superantigens, produced by staphylococcus bacteria, can activate the immune system in more ways than previously thought. This complex interaction may be behind several illnesses, including long-term wound infections and autoimmune disorders.
A study published in Immunity describes a mechanism by which an infected cell can alert neighboring uninfected cells, leading to amplified inflammation and enhanced immunity. This 'cell-to-cell communication' strategy enables the host to circumvent immunosuppressive bacterial activity and defeat invaders.
A study found that various types of C. difficile are now common across European hospitals, with an average incidence rate of 4.1 per 10,000 patients per day. The most prevalent types were 014/020, 001, and 078, with type 027 being less common in Europe compared to other regions.
Researchers discovered key differences in how E. coli bacteria behave in humans compared to mice, identifying potential targets for a vaccine. The study's findings could lead to the development of a vaccine that saves billions in healthcare costs and millions of doctor visits annually.
Researchers will discuss guidelines for food allergy diagnosis and management, as well as primary immunodeficiency diseases such as Job's syndrome and DOCK8 deficiency. The meeting also addresses atopic dermatitis, a chronic skin disorder associated with dry, itchy skin.
A joint research project is investigating why some C. difficile cases are more difficult to treat, and how genetic factors contribute to relapses. The study aims to identify key factors that indicate a higher risk of relapse and develop new treatment strategies.
A new analysis of old data suggests that bacterial infections associated with the 1918 influenza pandemic may be important in modern pandemics. The study confirms the importance of Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines in preventing pneumonia and death, which could lead to reduced mortality rates in future outbreaks
Mice lacking CEACAM1 have excess neutrophils but suffer from accelerated mortality due to liver damage and severe tissue harm. These findings suggest that natural mechanisms restraining white blood cell proliferation are crucial in treating infectious and auto-inflammatory disorders.
A Purdue University study reveals that Listeria can pass between intestinal cells and trigger a mechanism to increase its ability to enter the cells. This allows the bacteria to cause infection even at low doses.
Researchers suggest vancomycin as the better treatment option for managing hospitalized patients with cellulitis, showing improved outcomes and discharge times compared to B-lactam antibiotics. The study found that intravenous vancomycin treatment was associated with faster recovery and reduced hospital stay duration.
Scientists are developing new drugs to block bacterial signals that trigger infections, a process known as quorum sensing. Research suggests that targeting certain signaling molecules could lead to effective treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections.
Researchers have developed techniques to permanently bind antibacterial coatings to medical devices, aiming to prevent the formation of biofilms that can cause infection. The new coatings use a plasma polymer layer and novel diterpene compounds derived from Australian plants to effectively target bacteria.
Scientists have developed a new polymer-type material that exhibits biocidal activity toward MRSA and other Gram-negative bacteria when exposed to light, making it suitable for antibacterial countertops. The conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) material has shown promising results in killing bacteria without harming mammalian cells.
Researchers found a 65% increased incidence of C difficile associated diarrhea among proton pump inhibitor users. The introduction of National Hospital Quality Measures also led to an increase in antibiotic use, contributing to rising C difficile rates.
Researchers at the University of Calgary have discovered that damaged tissue can release signals that attract white blood cells, leading to inappropriate inflammation. The team used innovative imaging techniques to observe this process in real-time, shedding light on potential new treatments for inflammatory diseases.
The US Department of Defense has awarded a $1.5 million grant to develop and test nanoemulsion technology against a wide range of wound infections, including drug-resistant forms. The project aims to create a broadly effective treatment that can prevent infection, increase survival and enable rapid healing in wounded military personnel.
Researchers trick Staphylococcus aureus bacteria into embedding foreign small molecules within their cell walls by manipulating an enzyme. This discovery could lead to novel therapeutics and real-time monitoring of diseases.
Researchers at Notre Dame have discovered that certain bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, can move and stand upright on surfaces for extended periods. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding bacterial behavior and potentially developing new treatments for infections.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have developed a new method to generate three-dimensional tissue models for studying bacterial infection of orthopedic implants. The microfluidic devices mimic the human body's conditions, allowing for realistic bone tissue growth and analysis of antibiotic delivery.
Researchers found that chronic infection with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is independently linked to an increased risk of exacerbations in CF patients, as well as lower lung function.
A UC Irvine infectious disease specialist is leading a three-year study on new methods to prevent staph infections in people with MRSA bacteria. The project aims to reduce MRSA infection risk across the continuum of inpatient and outpatient care.
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital are developing a new method to distinguish between bacterial and viral infections in infants using RNA biosignatures. The five-year study aims to improve diagnosis and treatment for serious bacterial infections such as bacteremia and meningitis, which can be life-threatening.
Researchers have sequenced the genome of Culex quinquefasciatus, a mosquito species that transmits West Nile virus. The study provides insights into disease transmission and offers a platform for comparative studies to investigate interactions between viruses and mosquitoes.