Articles tagged with Blood Cancer
A biomarker based on circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) can predict the likelihood of bowel cancer recurrence after surgery and chemotherapy. The test measures ctDNA levels before and after treatment to provide real-time information on chemotherapy effectiveness.
Scientists found that platinum chemotherapy can cause genetic changes in children with neuroblastoma, leading to increased risk of secondary leukemia. The study's findings could lead to identifying high-risk children and tailoring their treatment plans to reduce this risk.
A new Penn Medicine study shows that blood cancer patients with lower antibody levels can rely on T cells to combat COVID-19. The research found that patients with higher CD8 T cell counts were more than three times likelier to survive than those with lower counts.
Researchers developed SaferSeqS to detect rare mutations in blood more efficiently and reduce sequencing errors. The technology has shown a marked improvement in sensitivity and specificity in detecting previously undetectable cancer-related mutations.
A new study has identified a genetic mutation in the CUX1 gene that contributes to the development of acute myeloid leukaemia. Targeting this pathway could lead to new targeted therapies for patients with poor-prognosis AML, which affects people of all ages and often requires intensive chemotherapy.
Researchers discovered a cancer-causing gene mutation that accelerates cerebral cavernous malformation growth, leading to seizures or stroke. Repurposing an anticancer drug showed promise in improving brain-vascular health and preventing bleeding into the brain tissue.
Researchers found that a specific gene called MPP8 suppresses the activity of 'jumping' genes, which can protect against certain blood cancers. This discovery may lead to new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for acute myeloid leukemia, the deadliest type of blood cancer.
A new study shows whole genome sequencing is at least as accurate and often better than conventional genetic tests for determining blood cancer treatment. The study found that sequencing identified additional genetic abnormalities in 17% of cases, changing the risk category for 19 patients.
Utah researchers identify mutation hotspots and find that approximately 2% of healthy participants had the same mutations as cancer patients. This study provides new insights into the development of blood cancers and may help identify people at risk.
A study by University of Birmingham scientists has shown that the balance of cells in blood is affected earlier than thought, particularly for families carrying mutant RUNX1 proteins. The research found that these mutations can change how genes respond and lead to different diseases.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have discovered a promising treatment approach for preventing acute graft-versus-host disease, a common complication of blood stem cell transplantation. The study found that using the oral drug sitagliptin reduces the risk of GVHD by inhibiting immune T cell activation.
A randomized clinical trial demonstrated the benefits of early integration of palliative care into oncology care for patients with high-risk AML. Patients who received integrated palliative and oncology care reported significantly better quality of life and lower levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
The combination of venetoclax with chemotherapy improves outcomes for patients with AML and MDS, with a promising overall response rate and acceptable safety profile. Venetoclax also demonstrates efficacy in treating high-risk MDS when combined with azacitidine.
A recent study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists has found that clonal hematopoiesis can confer a health benefit in the setting of allogeneic stem cell or bone marrow transplants. Patients who received transplants from older donors with CH had a lower risk of relapse and longer survival compared to those without CH.
State crisis standards of care (CSC) guidelines in the US allocate scarce healthcare resources among cancer patients, requiring careful consideration of prioritization methods. The guidelines include provisions for blood products and palliative care, highlighting the need for nuanced decision-making in resource allocation.
The study demonstrated a paradigm shift in treating AML, proving that genetic information matching leads to better survival rates than traditional one-size-fits-all treatment. Patients who opted for precision medicine experienced lower early death rates and superior overall survival compared to those receiving standard of care.
Children transplanted for cancer are more likely to die from treatment-related complications if they live in poorer neighborhoods, research suggests. Having Medicaid versus private insurance was also associated with a higher chance of dying.
Researchers found that specific chemotherapy agents increase the likelihood of developing therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. CH mutations are more frequent in genes protecting the genome from damage, such as TP53.
A clinical trial called REPAIR-MDS will test repurposed drugs to improve hematological responses in MDS, reducing or reversing life-limiting deficiencies in red blood cells. The trial aims to improve the outlook for people with this rare condition, which has limited treatment options.
Researchers identified a direct molecular link between meat and dairy diets and the development of cancer-associated antibodies in the blood, increasing cancer risk. The study found that consuming large amounts of red meat and cheese leads to high levels of these antibodies.
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic tool that can detect cancer cells in small blood samples and connect them to their original tumor. This method has shown significant correlations between circulating tumor cells and tumor expression levels, allowing for targeted therapeutic agents to be used more accurately.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed a prototype for a hand-held device that can read the levels of a cancer biomarker, similar to a blood-sugar monitor. The device simplifies cancer testing by allowing patients to collect samples at home and providing accurate results in minutes.
Researchers at Flinders University have discovered a blood serum microRNA biomarker signature for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, which may help detect other head and neck cancers. The signature has potential for surveillance, earlier diagnosis, and treatment of head and neck cancer.
A new liquid biopsy test has been developed to detect cancer by analyzing protein biomarkers from tumors in the blood. The study found that this approach showed a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting different types of cancer, including breast, colon, and lung cancers.
A new method of detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been developed using a powerful label-free detection method and machine learning algorithm. The technique achieved an overall accuracy of 88.6% in patient blood samples and 97% on cultured cells, outperforming existing methods.
A new study by University of Exeter researchers suggests that higher-end normal blood platelet counts may be indicative of an increased risk of cancer, particularly in older males. The research found a significant correlation between high platelet levels and the development of lung and colorectal cancers.
A non-invasive blood test, PanSeer, can detect five common types of cancers four years before conventional diagnosis methods. The test detected cancer in 91% of asymptomatic samples and accurately identified cancer-free samples 95% of the time.
New cost-effective technology enables advanced immunology studies on Tasmanian devils and reveals conserved immune pathways across 160 million years of evolution. The system can be applied to any vertebrate species, including humans.
A novel liquid biopsy method has been developed to detect early kidney cancer with high accuracy, including small and localized tumors that are often curable but difficult to detect. The test is nearly 100% accurate in blood samples but shows less accuracy in urine samples, which can be improved through technical optimization.
Dr. Ramachandran is exploring unique signatures from cell-free DNA to identify abnormal gene patterns associated with certain stages or types of cancers. His long-term goal is to use this knowledge to understand tumor processes without biopsies, identifying cancer biomarkers.
A good vitamin D status is associated with a lower cancer risk, particularly in colon and blood cancers. Vitamin D responsiveness varies between individuals, affecting their need for supplementation.
A research group from Kumamoto University found the transcription factor RUNX3 plays a cancer growth function in what was previously thought to be a tumor suppressor. RUNX3 is also linked to the initiation and propagation of MDS stem cells, making it a promising new therapeutic target.
Researchers at Washington State University have developed a technology that uses an electric field to concentrate and separate cancer biomarkers onto a paper strip, detecting miniscule levels of the markers in as little as 10 minutes. This breakthrough could lead to earlier detection of and faster treatments for cancer.
KinaRx LLC, a Purdue University-affiliated startup, has received a $2 million SBIR grant to develop novel kinase inhibitors for treating relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other diseases. The company's platform aims to rapidly create complex drug molecules using bioinformatics and multi-component compound synthesis.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Haematology investigated COVID-19 infection outcomes in blood cancer patients, finding that most recovered despite weakened immune systems. Age and co-existing health conditions were significant factors in determining patient outcomes.
A study of over 12,000 patients found that those with abnormally small red blood cells had a higher risk of cancer. The research suggests that microcytosis could be an early indicator of various cancers.
A multicancer blood test safely detected 26 undiagnosed cancers and enabled potentially curative treatment in a study of over 9,900 women. The test was found to be complementary and additive to standard screening methods for detecting breast, colon, and lung tumors.
Researchers developed a multi-cancer blood test that detected some cancers, including ovarian cancers, and successfully screened for non-cancer causes before diagnostic tests. The test showed promise as a minimally invasive option to increase cancer detection rates in populations already following standard screening approaches.
A blood test developed by Thrive Earlier Detection Corp. has identified multiple cancers in over 10,000 women without a prior history of cancer. The study found that the test more than doubled the number of 'screen-detected' cancers, increasing from 25% to 52%.
A case study suggests that tocilizumab may effectively address severe COVID-19 symptoms in patients with multiple myeloma and other blood cancers. The patient's IL-6 levels decreased aftertocilizumab treatment, and his symptoms resolved.
The blood test uses methylation patterns to detect cancer and identify its origin, achieving a 93% accuracy rate. It can detect over 50 cancer types, including the most deadly ones, with a low false positive rate of 0.7%, often before symptoms show up.
A new blood test has been developed to detect a wide range of cancers, including breast, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer, with an accuracy rate of 99.3%. The test uses next-generation sequencing to analyze DNA methyl groups, which can indicate the presence of cancer.
The Caravaggio study found that oral apixaban is at least as effective as dalteparin in preventing recurrent venous thromboembolism and major bleeding events in patients with cancer. The trial showed no significant difference in the risk of major bleeding, including gastrointestinal cancers, between the two treatments.
A study published in Nature identified distinct microbial signatures associated with specific cancer types, including colon cancer and prostate cancer. Machine learning models trained on these signatures were able to distinguish between cancer patients and healthy individuals with high accuracy.
A novel blood test using gold nanoparticles detects cancer-derived extracellular vesicles, enabling earlier diagnosis and better treatment tracking. The technology has been successfully tested on melanoma patients and shows promise as a potential complement to existing cancer imaging technologies.
Researchers developed a new high-throughput technique to study gene splicing, tracking thousands of genes in real-time. The results show that splicing occurs far more often than previously thought, with significant variability in gene expression timing.
Researchers have engineered immune cells to target solid tumors using a new cancer immunotherapies approach. They found that T cells can be reprogrammed to turn on tumor cells when exposed to high concentrations of transforming growth factor beta, a protein that suppresses the activity of T cells in the tumor environment.
A novel drug targeting hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 2-a has shown a 24% response rate in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The study, launched after phase I/II results, aims to further investigate the agent's efficacy and safety.
Research found that pre-treatment with empty SV40 capsids increased survival rates from zero to 75% in severe rat sepsis models. The underlying mechanism involves the up-regulation of Hsp/c70 and induction of the PI3K/Akt survival pathway.
A genetic mutation in SRSF2 disrupts DNA's message sending process, leading to excessive NMD activity that destroys healthy blood cells. This excessive activity is a hallmark of blood cancer. Researchers discovered an effective treatment approach using antisense oligonucleotide therapy.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have discovered a high prevalence of Bartonella bacteria in hemangiosarcoma tumors and non-tumor tissues from dogs. The study confirms the link between persistent infection and some types of cancer, highlighting Bartonella's ability to remain undetected within tissue.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center discover a direct connection between thrombin and TGF-b1, a cytokine promoting tumor progression and suppressing immune responses. Blocking this mechanism prevents tumor resistance to immunotherapy and increases tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
Researchers at Yale University found that cancer-causing gene mutations can cause rapid cell division, leading to malignant cancer traits. In one form of blood cancer, normal cells with these mutations can remain healthy unless they divide quickly, suggesting a new mechanism for cancer development.
Researchers developed a method to capture and count cancer-associated microRNAs in blood or serum with single-molecule resolution. This approach could enable low-concentration cancer-related molecules to be detected for diagnostic purposes.
Researchers found that MALT1 levels correlate with patient survival in brain cancer, and blocking the gene with MALT1 inhibitors causes glioblastoma stem cells to undergo cellular suicide. This discovery points to the potential of further exploring MALT1 inhibitors as a treatment for glioblastoma.
A new study published in the European Heart Journal found that over one in ten cancer patients die from cardiovascular disease, including heart disease and stroke. The study analyzed data from over 3.2 million US patients diagnosed with cancer between 1973 and 2012, revealing that certain types of cancer, such as breast and prostate ca...
Researchers developed a microfluidic device with tiny pillars to capture malignant plasma cells from blood samples. The device shows great potential as an early detection or monitoring tool for MM disease progression.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery in blood stem cell transplantation using the UM171 molecule, which significantly reduces graft rejection and mortality rates. The treatment has shown impressive results in clinical trials with low mortality rates and no chronic autoimmune disease development.
A new transatlantic research alliance aims to develop radical new strategies and technologies to detect cancer at its earliest stage, improving survival rates. The International Alliance for Cancer Early Detection will accelerate breakthroughs in early detection, leading to quicker benefits for patients.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered that the IDH2 and SRSF2 gene mutations work together to cause acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a deadly blood cancer. The team found that the presence of these mutations leads to errors in RNA splicing, resulting in defective blood cells.