What causes seizure in focal epilepsy?
A study reveals that early activation of astroglia in focal epilepsy drives neurons to generate epileptic discharges. This neuron-astrocyte interaction may represent a novel target for controlling epilepsy.
Epilepsy
Articles tagged with Epilepsy
UCLA researchers make first direct recording of mirror neurons in human brain
UCLA researchers have made a direct recording of mirror neurons in the human brain, showing they are more widely distributed than previously thought. The study found that specific subsets of mirror cells increased activity during action execution but decreased it when observing an action.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder linked to high prevalence of epilepsy, Queen's study
A national study by Queen's University researchers has found a strong correlation between Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) and a high prevalence of epilepsy. Six percent of participants had epilepsy, while twelve percent experienced one or more seizures in their lifetimes.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder linked to high prevalence of epilepsy
Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are at a high risk of developing epilepsy or seizure history, according to a new study. Researchers found that six percent of individuals with FASD developed epilepsy and 12 percent had one or more seizures in their life.
Article on memory may make a lasting impression, depending on theta phase lock
Researchers found that image recognition and memories are stronger when neurons fire in sync with local theta waves during the learning process. The study also established a direct relationship between individual neuron spike timing relative to theta oscillations and human behavior.
Deep brain stimulation reduces epileptic seizures in patients with refractory partial and secondarily generalized seizures
A recent study found that deep brain stimulation significantly reduced seizure frequency in patients with refractory partial and secondarily generalized seizures, with a 56% reduction in seizure frequency by 2 years. The benefits of stimulation persisted long-term, with improved responder rates.
New study identifies best treatment for childhood epilepsy
A new NIH-funded clinical trial has found that ethosuximide is the most effective treatment for childhood absence epilepsy, with no intolerable side effects. The study enrolled 453 children and showed that ethosuximide and valproic acid were significantly more effective than lamotrigine in controlling seizures.
Study reinforces role of AED Vimpat (lacosamide) (C-V) as add-on treatment for POS
A Phase III clinical study published online in Epilepsia found that Vimpat (lacosamide) demonstrated significantly fewer partial-onset seizures versus placebo in adults living with epilepsy. The study showed that patients taking Vimpat had greater reductions in seizure frequency and a higher 50% responder rate compared to placebo.
Comparative effectiveness trial leads to evidence-based care for childhood epilepsy
A comprehensive clinical trial established an evidence-based approach for initial drug therapy of childhood absence epilepsy. Ethosuximide was found to provide the best combination of seizure control and fewest attentional side effects, making it a sensible choice for initial monotherapy.
Lacosamide validated as promising therapy for uncontrolled partial-onset seizures
Researchers found that lacosamide 400 mg/day provides good efficacy and tolerability for patients with uncontrolled partial-onset seizures, while higher doses may provide additional benefits. The study confirms the safety and effectiveness of adjunctive lacosamide treatment in reducing seizure frequency and severity.
Dolphins' health shed light on human and ocean health
Dolphins' health is shedding light on human and ocean health. Researchers have discovered that diseases found in dolphins are similar to human diseases, providing clues into how human health might be affected by contaminated coastal water or seafood. High levels of PCBs in dolphins may be suppressing their immune function.
Noninvasive testing, earlier surgery can stop seizures in tuberous sclerosis complex
Researchers at UCLA's Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Program have found that a non-invasive approach to pre-surgical testing, combined with earlier consideration for surgery, is associated with the best seizure-free surgical outcome in patients with TSC. Approximately two-thirds of TSC patients became seizure-free after surgery.
UV LED therapy shows promising results in preventing focal seizures
Researchers discovered that UV LED light can reduce seizure-like activity in rat epilepsy models by releasing gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), a natural neurotransmitter. The study suggests that this technique could be translated to human focal epilepsy, offering an alternative treatment option.
Pivotal trial data demonstrate Neuropace RNS system reduced seizures in people with epilepsy
The pivotal trial data demonstrate that the RNS System significantly reduced seizure frequency among people with medically intractable partial onset epilepsy. The device delivered brief and mild electrical stimulations to suppress seizures, with a mean percentage reduction of 29% in disabling seizures.
Epilepsy patients caught in treatment gap are not getting state-of-the-art care
A global consensus definition of refractory epilepsy has been developed to aid better care for patients caught in the treatment gap. The definition highlights the need for state-of-the-art care for millions of people with epilepsy worldwide, who are currently not receiving adequate treatment.
Research sheds new light on epilepsy
Scientists have recorded spontaneous epileptic activity in human brain tissue for the first time, revealing that electrical connections between nerve cells cause the disease. This discovery offers real hope for finding new treatments for epilepsy, which affects 45 million people worldwide.
Current cigarette smokers at increased risk of seizures
A recent study published in Epilepsia found that current cigarette smokers are at a significant risk of seizure. The study analyzed data from over 116,000 female nurses and found that long-term moderate caffeine or alcohol use is not associated with an increased risk of seizures or epilepsy.
Developmental delay could stem from nicotinic receptor deletion
Researchers found a gene deletion in chromosome 15 associated with significant learning and behavioral problems, including developmental delay, mental retardation, and epilepsy. The study suggests that the nicotinic receptor plays a crucial role in these conditions.
BCM scientists find 'molecular trigger' for sudden death in epilepsy
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have identified a potassium channel KvLQT as the molecular trigger for sudden death in epilepsy. This discovery could lead to a simple genetic screening test to identify patients at risk, offering effective treatments such as beta blockers and cardiac pacemakers.
Study may explain how a well-known epilepsy and pain drug works
A Duke University researcher has discovered a receptor that receives messages from astrocytes, which can form excitatory synapses in the brain. The discovery may explain why people develop epilepsy or have neuropathic pain, and could lead to new therapies for these conditions.
Packages of care for epilepsy in low- and middle-income countries
Packages of care aim to improve epilepsy recognition and management, closing the 'treatment gap' in LMICs. Epilepsy affects 65 million people worldwide, with limited access to effective treatment.
Routine stroke prevention therapies are underused in the very elderly but could be very effective; more research in epilepsy in very old needed
Studies suggest that routine stroke prevention therapies could be highly effective in the very elderly population. Meanwhile, research on epilepsy in later life is needed to improve treatment and prognosis for this growing demographic.
Gene mutation causes severe epilepsy, febrile seizures in thousands of infants worldwide
Researchers at the University of Utah Health have discovered a gene mutation that causes severe epilepsy and febrile seizures in some infants. The SCN9A gene mutation can alter sodium channel function in the brain, leading to seizures, and may be responsible for up to 5% of febrile syndrome patients.
Guideline: Kids with small head size at risk of neurologic problems, screening needed
Children with microcephaly are at risk of neurologic and cognitive problems, including epilepsy, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and eye and ear disorders. Doctors recommend screening for coexisting conditions, brain scans, and genetic testing to identify the causes of microcephaly.
Dead ahead: Similar early warning signals of change in climate
Researchers found that similar symptoms occur in many systems as they approach a critical state of transition, indicating 'tipping points' for abrupt changes. These early-warning signals are observed in ecosystems, financial markets, and human physiology, highlighting the potential for catastrophic bifurcations.
Syncope and implantable loop recorders: Good value for money?
A study found that 1 in 8 patients thought to have epilepsy or unsure diagnosis actually had a heart rhythm issue causing fainting. Eighty percent of those who underwent pacemaker insertion were symptom-free after 9 months.
Fragile period of childhood brain development could underlie epilepsy
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center discovered a genetic link between childhood brain development and adult-onset epilepsy, highlighting the fragility of the brain during early childhood. The study identifies a new pathway controlling neuron circuit maturation, which may lead to new therapies for this condition.
Children with newly diagnosed epilepsy at risk for cognitive problems
A study published in Neurology found that children with normal IQs before a first seizure may experience language, memory, learning and other cognitive skills problems. Children who took epilepsy drugs had difficulties in processing speed, verbal memory, and learning.
Seizures during pregnancy associated with risk of pre-term and small babies
A study found that women with epilepsy who experience seizures during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to pre-term and small babies than those without epilepsy. The study analyzed data from over 1,000 women with epilepsy and found a significant association between seizure activity and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Epilepsy halted in mice
Researchers at the University of Leeds have successfully prevented epilepsy in mice by identifying a faulty gene as the cause. The study, published in PNAS, offers irrefutable proof that a defective version of the Atp1a3 gene is responsible for causing epileptic seizures in mice.
Duke, UNC scientists create entirely new way to study brain function
Researchers have devised a chemical technique to discover brain function and provide clues for treating brain diseases. The technique allows neuroscientists to noninvasively activate entire populations of neurons in an animal brain, promoting understanding of brain function and disease treatment.
Single gene mutation responsible for 'catastrophic epilepsy'
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have identified a single gene mutation responsible for catastrophic epilepsy, a condition marked by severe muscle spasms, persistent seizures, and mental retardation. The discovery provides a new model for studying the disease and has sparked hope for potential treatments.
CU-Boulder study shows brain's immune system may cause chronic seizures
A CU-Boulder study found that chemicals released by the brain's immune system can cause chronic seizures in people who have suffered a traumatic head injury. The research suggests that temporarily shutting down the immune response could prevent the development of acquired epilepsy.
An innovative surgical technique gives hope to patients suffering from refractory epilepsy
Researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre have developed a new surgical technique to treat refractory epilepsy, with nine patients showing successful results. The innovative approach reduces risks and complications associated with previous insular surgeries.
Rutgers research tackles childhood epilepsy
Researchers at Rutgers University have discovered a potential new treatment for childhood epilepsy, using the therapeutic drug rapamycin to suppress epileptic seizures in mice. The study, published in Disease Models and Mechanisms, shows promise for treating cortical dysplasia, a common cause of childhood epilepsy.
Findings in epilepsy gene in animals may guide treatment directions for infants
Researchers developed genetically engineered mice that experience seizures resembling those in patients with infantile spasms. The discovery provides a new opportunity to test treatments that may benefit children with this difficult-to-treat form of childhood epilepsy.
U of Minnesota researcher develops brain-scanning process that holds promise for epilepsy treatments
A new brain-scanning process developed by University of Minnesota researcher Bin He holds promise for epilepsy treatment advancements. The technique uses functional neuroimaging to identify seizure foci and aid surgeons in pinpointing the brain network affected by seizures.
Drug prevents seizure progression in model of epilepsy
Researchers identified a new anticonvulsant compound that eliminates seizures in a model of epilepsy by inhibiting ion channels associated with the disease. The study found that blocking these channels can prevent subsequent seizures, offering a promising treatment for epilepsy.
Studies uncover high and often overlooked costs associated with epilepsy
Studies found that employees with epilepsy cost third-party payors nearly three times more on average per year compared to those without the condition. Comorbidities accounted for 80% of insurers' total annual costs for epilepsy patients.
Study analyzing dialogue between neurologists and epilepsy patients identifies significant gaps
A new study analyzed dialogue between neurologists and epilepsy patients, revealing significant gaps in communication. Discussions of mood- and behavior-related topics occurred in only 22% of visits, while 57% of patients reported issues post-visit that physicians were not aware of.
New treatment discovered for restless legs syndrome improves sleep
A new treatment has been discovered for restless legs syndrome (RLS) that improves sleep. Pregabalin, a commonly used epilepsy and anxiety medication, was found to be effective in reducing RLS symptoms by nearly two-thirds of participants. The study showed significant improvements in deep sleep stages compared to those taking a placebo.
Guidelines: Pregnancy safe with epilepsy, but valproate should be avoided
New American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society guidelines suggest pregnant women with epilepsy consider avoiding valproate, a drug linked to increased fetal malformations and decreased thinking skills. The guidelines recommend regular blood testing to adjust medication doses.
Researchers discover that gene switches on during development of epilepsy
A study published in the Journal of Neuroscience found that a specific gene can be 'switched on' in animals without a genetic predisposition to epilepsy, leading to changes in calcium channels and brain activity. This discovery may reveal a new mechanism for how epilepsy develops in some individuals.
New light on bipolar treatment drugs
Researchers at Cardiff University have identified a key molecule involved in Lithium's action on the brain. Increasing IMPase levels can lead to higher PIP3 production, which is reduced by Lithium treatment.
Study finds cognitive behavioral therapy can alleviate nonepileptic seizures
Researchers found that cognitive behavioral therapy can reduce the frequency of seizures in patients with PNES, improving their overall quality of life. The study also showed significant improvement in depression, anxiety, and psychosocial functioning.
Exposure to valproate during pregnancy can impair a child's cognitive development
A landmark study found that three-year-olds exposed to valproate during pregnancy had average IQs six to nine points lower than those exposed to other antiepileptic drugs. The study recommends women with epilepsy try alternative treatments before taking valproate.
Surgery safe for babies and toddlers suffering from seizures
A new study published in Epilepsia reveals that surgery for babies and toddlers suffering from epilepsy is relatively safe and effective in controlling seizures. Early surgery may also have a positive impact on brain development.
New research suggests common anti-seizure medications may increase risk of cardiovascular problems
Researchers found two widely-prescribed anticonvulsants may lead to increased cholesterol, C-reactive protein and other markers of cardiovascular disease. Switching patients to newer drugs resulted in significant declines in these markers.
Depression twice as likely in seizure sufferers
A study published in Epilepsia finds that individuals with epilepsy are at a higher risk of depression, with racial minorities having seven times the odds of depression compared to Caucasians. The study suggests routine screening and targeted interventions for depression are needed to help serve those with epilepsy.
Researchers identify cause for severe pediatric epilepsy disorder
Severe pediatric epilepsy is generated from within the memory-forming hippocampus, according to a study by UC San Diego researchers. The discovery could pave the way for improved treatments of childhood epilepsy, which affects over two percent of children worldwide.
Where does consciousness come from?
A new paper suggests that four specific processes occur only in conscious perception tasks, offering a unique insight into the neural correlates of consciousness. By studying brain activity of patients with epilepsy, researchers isolated four converging electrophysiological markers characterizing conscious access after word perception.
The high risk of epilepsy in children and young adults lasts years after traumatic brain injury
A study of over 1.6 million young people in Denmark found that traumatic brain injury significantly increases the risk of epilepsy, with risks persisting for more than a decade after the injury. The risk is particularly high for those with severe brain injuries or family histories of epilepsy.
First gene discovered for most common form of epilepsy
Researchers have identified a new gene, ELP4, linked to Rolandic epilepsy, a common form of childhood epilepsy. The discovery supports a new theory about the causes of epilepsy and offers insights into other cognitive and behavioral disorders such as ADHD, speech dyspraxia, and DCD.
Study: Adding Vimpat significantly reduces partial-onset seizures in adults with epilepsy
A Phase III clinical study published online in Epilepsia found that Vimpat significantly reduced seizure frequency per 28 days from baseline compared to placebo. The study demonstrated efficacy in patients with uncontrolled partial-onset seizures, with higher rates of seizure reduction and complete seizure freedom among those receiving...
Seizing the day
A new study from Tel Aviv University found that occupational stress has no effect on epilepsy attacks, with a large sample size allowing for high predictive power. The research benefits those who have been seizure-free for a long period of time, showing they are likely to stay seizure-free.
New Keppra XR data highlight its role for patients with partial-onset seizures
Studies show Keppra XR reduces nervous system side effects compared to levetiracetam immediate release, and a new dosing schedule may offer improved tolerability. The once-daily formulation also demonstrates bioequivalence in healthy adults.
Researchers report on convergence of technology
Scientists present reports on novel technologies to restore memory circuits, alter drug effects, deliver targeted therapies and improve brain imaging. The advancements aim to pinpoint seizure causes and deliver precise treatments, promising a new era in epilepsy care.
Rice University study finds possible clues to epilepsy, autism
Researchers at Rice University have identified a potential connection between glutamate and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in the development of neurological disorders. A mutation in a glutamate receptor gene found in both fruit flies and humans can disrupt regulatory mechanisms, leading to increased neuronal excitability.
Experts propose minimum standards of care for epilepsy
The report proposes detailed medical history, neurological examination, and diagnostic tests as essential steps in diagnosing and treating epilepsy. The consensus also outlines the need for weight seizure control, side effects, and long-term safety when making treatment decisions.
Mayo Clinic finds it generally safe to withdraw anti-seizure medication in children with epilepsy
A Mayo Clinic study found that withdrawing anti-seizure medication in children with epilepsy who have achieved seizure-freedom is generally safe and carries a low risk of developing intractable epilepsy. The study, which reviewed records of 241 children, found only 5% to develop intractable epilepsy after withdrawal.