Inflammation
Articles tagged with Inflammation
ALS is driven by a domino‑like chain reaction that begins in nerve cells
Rhein attenuates severe acute pancreatitis-associated intestinal injury through pparγ regulating macrophage activation
Heavy air pollution is linked to worse post-surgical outcomes
Research finds association between high air pollution and increased risk of post-surgical complications, including sepsis, pneumonia, and surgical wound infection. Higher levels of PM2.5 air pollution above EPA daily limits increase risk by 8%.
Brain Health emergency: Microplastic burden in the human brain now linked to stroke and dementia, with apheresis emerging as the first plausible removal pathway
A study finds microplastics in the human brain associated with increased risk of stroke and dementia. Apheresis, a medical treatment, is proposed as a potential removal method for microplastics from the body.
Brown fat could help protect against cardiovascular disease in obesity
Researchers discovered brown adipose tissue protects against atherosclerosis and inflammation in humans with obesity, showing lower arterial inflammation and healthier blood profiles. Higher brown fat activity correlates with reduced vascular inflammation and improved cardiovascular health.
Blocking stress signals could limit harmful inflammation after heart attack
Researchers discovered that stress hormones trigger neutrophils to detach from blood vessel walls and travel to the heart, causing inflammation. Blocking these stress signals with beta blockers may prevent excessive inflammation and improve heart healing.
Disease-causing pathogen rewires gut metabolism to secure nutrients for growth: Study
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center discovered that enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis reshapes intestinal cell metabolism to support its growth, causing diseases like diarrhea and colorectal cancer. The study provides new possibilities for intervention by targeting metabolic interactions between host and microbes.
Plant-based eating may reduce inflammation, new research suggests
A study published in Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases found that plant-based dietary patterns were associated with significantly lower C-reactive protein levels compared to omnivorous diets. This reduction may indicate less background inflammation and lower cardiovascular risk.
Immune surveillance structures found in skin hair follicles
The study reveals that hair follicles contain specialized sentinel cells that monitor environmental exposure and microbial presence, potentially linking immune detection to sensory signaling. The discovery may have implications for understanding skin infections, immune disorders, and topical therapeutics.
Freeze-dried platelet product slows swelling and bleeding in TBI
A new freeze-dried blood product called Thrombosomes has shown promise in treating traumatic brain injuries by reducing swelling and bleeding. The product, derived from platelets with trehalose preservation, has been tested on mice and found to be effective in stabilizing damaged blood vessels.
Mapping the hidden triggers of jaw joint arthritis at the cellular level
A study mapped early molecular and cellular changes in the jaw joint that may trigger temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. The research found structural and molecular changes in joint tissues, including inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic shifts. Single-cell sequencing revealed diverse cell populations interacting within the synov...
Scientists explore whether plastic particles could be linked to significant rises in liver disease
Researchers investigate whether micro- and nanoplastics contribute to liver disease through oxidative stress, fibrogenesis, and inflammation. They emphasize the need for increased research into plastic-induced liver injury and its potential impact on human health.
UCLA scientists identify zombie immune cells as a driver of fatty liver disease, inflammation and aging
Researchers identify senescent macrophages as a driver of fatty liver disease, inflammation and aging. Clearing these cells reversed liver damage in mice on unhealthy diets.
A new view of aging: How the immune system rewrites rapid aging
Researchers identified the misdirected immune response as a central driver of tissue degeneration in severe, rapid-aging disorders. By reducing this false alarm, they restored function across multiple biological systems, suggesting the body can cope with more DNA damage than assumed if inflammation is kept in check.
Role of environmental enrichment in poststroke functional recovery
A new study shows that poststroke environmental enrichment reduces chronic inflammation and promotes sustained sensorimotor recovery in mice. The study found that enriched environment mice had better neurological scores and stronger recovery compared to standard environment mice.
UMass Chan researchers shed light on how inflammation in GI tract rewires enteric nervous system
Research reveals inflammation in the GI tract changes how nerves are arranged, affecting intestinal muscle contractions. A protective stress response pathway helps neurons survive, preserving their structure and potentially offering a way to curtail persistent symptoms associated with IBD.
TREM-1 receptor: A key player in inflammatory diseases
The TREM-1 receptor is a central amplifier of inflammatory responses, involved in sepsis, arthritis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Several antagonists have shown promise in preclinical models, but more research is needed to define therapeutic windows and identify responsive patient subgroups.
Novel treatment protocol developed at the University of Minnesota targets the deadliest cases of C. difficile infection
A new study from the University of Minnesota Medical School demonstrated that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can rapidly reverse systemic inflammation and improve survival in patients with fulminant C. difficile infection. The treatment protocol achieved a 78% 30-day survival rate among 18 critically ill patients.
Testosterone level not a given sign of well-being
A higher testosterone level does not always indicate well-being in men, according to a study at the University of Gothenburg. Muscle health and inflammation are linked to testosterone levels, but symptoms like fatigue and depression have weaker connections.
Decoding the chemical messengers: Gut microbes talk to the whole body through metabolites
Research systematically maps how bacterial metabolites influence disease progression and immune cell functions, highlighting their dual effects on the body. The review emphasizes the need for holistic regulation of metabolite profiles to achieve precision interventions.
New biomarker for immunoglobulin a nephropathy identified
Researchers have discovered a new biomarker for immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, which is an autoimmune disease that can lead to kidney failure. Complement pathway proteins, including CFHR1, were found to be overexpressed in patients with IgA nephropathy, suggesting a potential treatment target and diagnostic marker.
This could be why COVID and flu are so dangerous to the elderly
A new study by UC San Francisco reveals that aging lung tissue can lead to catastrophic immune dysregulation, causing elderly individuals to become severely ill. The research suggests that targeting the damaged spiral of inflammaging could provide a promising therapeutic target for treating age-related respiratory diseases.
How inflammation may prime the gut for cancer
A study in mice reveals that chronic intestinal inflammation can lead to epigenetic 'memories' that promote colon cancer. Researchers found that even seemingly healed gut tissues retain molecular scars from earlier inflammation, making it easier for cancer to take hold.
New mechanism for kidney repair discovered: Immune checkpoint VISTA protects against acute injury and prevents fibrosis
Researchers discovered VISTA as a critical immune checkpoint that balances immune activation and inflammation resolution during kidney injury. Administering exogenous VISTA protein shows potent protection against acute kidney injury and its progression to chronic disease.
Inflammation linked to depression in women with diabetes, but biomarkers paint complex picture
A study found that inflammation markers may signal depression in women with type 2 diabetes, but vary based on depression symptoms and measures. The research suggests a path toward precision mental health by identifying specific inflammatory biomarkers linked to different dimensions of mental health.
Role of TGF-β1 signaling in spinal cord injury recovery
Research reveals that TGF-β1 plays a critical role in fibrotic scar tissue formation, limiting neural regeneration and recovery after spinal cord injury. Inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling reduces fibrotic scarring and improves functional recovery.
Engineered lipid nanoparticles reprogram immune metabolism for better mRNA vaccines
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania developed lipid nanoparticles that modify immune metabolism to strengthen mRNA vaccines and reduce common side effects. The new lipid boosts the metabolism of immune cells, providing energy for the body's defenses while dialing down inflammatory signals.
GLP-1 receptor agonist use and survival among patients with type 2 diabetes and brain metastases
Patients with type 2 diabetes and brain metastases who used GLP-1 receptor agonists showed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality. The use of these medications was associated with reduced neuroinflammation, preservation of the blood-brain barrier, and lowered oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Research alert: How one receptor can help — or hurt — your blood vessels
A protein receptor, PAR1, plays a critical role in maintaining blood vessel structure. The receptor can trigger protective responses to counteract inflammation, potentially leading to new treatments for conditions like sepsis, heart attack, and stroke
Single-cell atlas reveals why rotator cuff injuries heal with damaging scars
Researchers discovered that tendon stem cells and progenitor cells fail to differentiate into mature, functional cells, instead promoting scar buildup. Immune cells, including macrophages, also play a central role in sustaining fibrosis, creating a self-sustaining environment that is difficult to reverse.
Altered copper metabolism is a crucial factor in inflammatory bone diseases
Copper metabolism plays a crucial role in inflammatory bone diseases, with copper overload suppressing glycogen synthesis and increasing inflammatory activity. Researchers found that cuproptosis, a form of programmed cell death, can lead to bone weakening and osteoclast formation, providing a potential new therapeutic target.
Rice-led research to develop first regenerative therapy for lymphedema receives up to $18.2M federal award
A team of researchers led by Rice University bioengineer Omid Veiseh is developing a first-of-its-kind regenerative treatment aimed at restoring damaged lymphatic vessels and potentially curing lymphedema. The therapy, called ELIXIR, uses engineered human retinal pigment epithelial cells to rebuild broken lymphatic vessels.
Study identifies opposing roles for IL6 and IL6R in long-term mortality
A recent study found that higher IL6 levels are associated with increased mortality, while genetically higher IL6R levels reduce all-cause mortality through cardiovascular mechanisms. The researchers suggest that IL6R antagonism may be a potential strategy for preventing cardiovascular disease.
Aspirin not a quick fix for preventing bowel cancer
Daily aspirin use offers no quick or reliable way to prevent bowel cancer in the general population, increasing risk of serious bleeding. However, it may have potential long-term benefits for people at high genetic risk of colorectal cancer.
URochester researchers awarded up to $22M to study a hidden driver of aging
The project aims to test whether reducing chronic inflammation triggered by DNA can help older adults stay healthier. The research focuses on retrotransposons, which become increasingly active with age, leading to tissue decline.
Unveiling powerful synergies between plant compounds that dramatically reduce inflammation
Researchers discovered that pairing familiar plant-derived compounds can suppress inflammatory signals more effectively than using each compound independently. The study found that certain combinations increased the anti-inflammatory effect several hundred-fold compared to single ingredients alone.
Cancer and inflammation: immunologic interplay, translational advances, and clinical strategies
This review examines cancer-inflammation interplay, translational advances, and clinical strategies. Emerging technologies promise to refine precision therapy, while integrating inflammation-targeting approaches with immunotherapy offers a path to personalized cancer care.
Muscular strength and mortality in women ages 63 to 99
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that muscular strength is associated with lower mortality rates in women aged 63-99. Controlling for physical activity and other factors, researchers discovered a significant link between muscle mass and reduced mortality risk.
Pitt research reveals protective key that may curb insulin-resistance and prevent diabetes
University of Pittsburgh scientists discovered a way to fight insulin resistance and diabetes by protecting a special type of immune cell in fat tissue. By improving insulin sensitivity in mice, the research reveals a potential new treatment path for type 2 diabetes that could supplement GLP-1 drugs.
Healthy versions of low-carb and low-fat diets linked to better cardiovascular and metabolic health
A new study found that versions of both diet patterns emphasizing healthy foods are associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease. The study suggests that focusing on overall diet quality may offer flexibility for individuals to choose eating patterns that align with their preferences while still supporting heart health.
Insilico Medicine nominates ISM5059, the peripheral-restricted NLRP3 inhibitor as preclinical candidate
Insilico Medicine nominates ISM5059, a peripheral-restricted NLRP3 inhibitor, as a preclinical candidate for treating various inflammatory diseases. The compound has demonstrated high potency, selectivity, and excellent in vivo efficacy across animal disease models.
New framework for autoimmune skin diseases proposes "multiple hits" over time
A new review introduces a chronological and probabilistic model to explain the recurrence of autoimmune skin diseases like vitiligo. The model proposes that full disease manifestation is the outcome of genetic susceptibility and a series of environmental or internal biological hits.
GPX3: A protective regulator of inflammation and oxidative stress in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury
Researchers discover GPX3 plays a central role in limiting inflammation, oxidative damage, and renal dysfunction following ischemic insult. Restoring GPX3 expression improves renal functional indices, reduces histopathological injury, and alleviates tubular epithelial cell death.
Psilocybin shows context-dependent effects on social behavior and inflammation in female mice modeling anorexia
Researchers found that psilocybin reduced novelty-seeking in control mice, but heightened it in anorexia model mice. Inflammation levels were also altered, contradicting expectations based on human studies. The study's findings have implications for understanding anorexia nervosa and the potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics.
Blood biomarker points to increased risk of brain metastasis in patients with inflammatory breast cancer
Researchers identified a targetable driver of brain metastases in inflammatory breast cancer, promoting tumor invasion and triggering brain inflammation via the CXCR2 signaling pathway. Targeting sEcad or the CXCR2 pathway may treat or prevent brain metastasis.
Markers at birth may help predict type 1 diabetes
Scientists at the University of Florida and Linköping University discovered protein markers in umbilical cord blood associated with future insulin-dependent diabetes. The study suggests that these markers can be used to predict type 1 diabetes in early childhood, potentially allowing for targeted interventions and lifestyle changes.
Inflammation and autoimmune-like dysfunction may play a role in heart failure
A recent study from Penn State College of Medicine researchers found that helper T cells, typically involved in fighting infections, become overly activated in failing human hearts, causing damage. The activation of these T cells highlights the impact of inflammation and immune dysfunction in heart failure.
PDK4 regulates inflammatory injury in acute-on-chronic liver failure by phosphorylating STAT1-mediated M1 polarization of macrophages
Researchers found that PDK4 promotes M1 macrophage polarization, leading to increased inflammation and tissue injury in ACLF. Targeting PDK4 may be a promising strategy to attenuate inflammation and improve clinical outcomes.
Insilico Medicine receives IND approval from FDA for ISM8969, an AI-empowered potential best-in-class NLRP3 inhibitor
Insilico Medicine has received investigational new drug (IND) clearance from the US FDA for ISM8969, an orally available NLRP3 inhibitor targeting inflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. The Phase I clinical trial plans to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of ISM8969 in healthy volunteers.
How a single gene shapes gut health and IBD risk
Researchers at UC Riverside find that faulty gene PTPN2 increases susceptibility to harmful bacteria like AIEC, leading to gut inflammation and IBD. The studies suggest that restoring PTPN2 function or using medications like JAK inhibitors may help control harmful bacterial growth.
USC scientists identify promising new target for Alzheimer’s-linked brain inflammation
A multidisciplinary team at USC has developed selective compounds that inhibit an enzyme tied to brain inflammation in people at genetic risk for Alzheimer’s. The inhibitors preserve normal brain function and cross the blood-brain barrier, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases.
Red light therapy shows promise for protecting football players’ brains
A preliminary study suggests that red light therapy can protect against brain inflammation caused by repetitive head impacts in collegiate football players. The treatment, which involves shining near-infrared light at the brain through the skull, appeared to be effective in reducing inflammation throughout almost all regions of the brain.
Shingles vaccine linked to slower biological aging in older adults
A new study found that shingles vaccination is associated with lower inflammation, slower epigenetic aging, and overall slower biological aging in older adults. Vaccination showed benefits even four years after the initial dose.
Insilico Medicine and Hygtia Therapeutics enter new global strategic collaboration to co-develop novel brain penetrant NLRP3 inhibitor for CNS diseases treatment
The companies will jointly develop ISM8969, a brain penetrant NLRP3 inhibitor for treating neuroinflammation-related diseases. Preclinical data shows the molecule's efficacy and favorable safety profile.
Scientists discover natural ‘brake’ that could stop harmful inflammation
Researchers at University College London have uncovered a key mechanism that helps the body switch off inflammation. Tiny fat-derived molecules called epoxy-oxylipins act as natural brakes on the immune system, preventing chronic inflammation linked to arthritis, heart disease, and diabetes.
Itaconate modifications: mechanisms and applications
Researchers summarize itaconate biology highlighting its chemical reactivity and therapeutic potential in treating infectious diseases, sepsis, autoimmunity, neurodegenerative disorders. Itaconate exerts biological effects through post-translational modifications, altering protein activity and signaling pathways
Should younger and older people receive different treatments for the same infection?
Salk Institute scientists found distinct disease courses and tolerance mechanisms in younger and older mice with sepsis, indicating a need for age-tailored therapies. The study suggests that future treatments may focus on controlling infection-generated damage rather than just targeting the pathogen.
Korea University researchers revive an abandoned depression drug target using structurally novel NK1 receptor inhibitors
Researchers from Korea University report a breakthrough in reviving an abandoned depression drug target by redesigning the molecular structure of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists. New compounds exhibiting antidepressant-like effects have been identified, reducing depressive-like behavior and brain inflammation in mice.
Fat surrounding the colon interacts with the immune system
Research reveals that fat located near the colon contains an unusually high number of inflammatory fat cells and immune cells, suggesting a unique function in communicating with the immune system in the gut region. This tissue may be an adaptation to the gut microbiome and could contribute to amplifying or sustaining inflammation.