Articles tagged with Inflammation
Researchers identified a significant association between perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) exposure and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in adolescents. The study used advanced models to reveal PFHpA's role in disrupting biological pathways, leading to liver damage and inflammation.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that metabolism guides the activation states of regulatory T cells, which dampen inflammation. The study reveals a link between mitochondrial function and lysosome activity in controlling these immune cells.
Researchers identified C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) as a key player in kidney injury and repair, with the molecule behaving both protectively and harmfully. The study suggests future drugs could target only its damaging effects, paving the way for more precise treatments for chronic kidney disease.
Researchers identified a genetic inflammatory signature that defines specific depression subtypes and influences antidepressant outcomes. Higher CRP polygenic scores were associated with reduced weight and appetite loss, earlier age of onset, and lower employment status after treatment.
Post-traumatic vasospasm (PTV) is a sudden narrowing of brain arteries that can lead to stroke and long-term neurological damage. Early diagnosis using tools like transcranial Doppler ultrasound and S100 protein blood tests is crucial to prevent secondary brain injury.
Researchers at UCLA Health have identified a sex-chromosome linked gene that drives inflammation in the female brain, making women more susceptible to conditions like Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. Deactivating this gene and using diabetes medication metformin showed promising results in reducing symptoms in female mice.
A new human lung alveolus chip model enables investigation of viral replication, inflammatory responses, and genetic off-target effects of a novel pan-influenza CRISPR therapy. The study achieved significant reductions in virus load and host inflammatory response after a single administration.
Research reveals that ovarian aging is not just about egg quality, but also the surrounding cells and tissues. The study found that eggs cluster in pockets surrounded by egg-free zones, which decline in density with age, influencing egg lifespan and maturation.
Denis Evseenko and Toby Maher are developing a regenerative drug to block cells that promote fibrosis in the lungs, aiming to slow or reverse IPF damage. The team plans to test the safety and therapeutic potential of their drug-like molecules in animals and human cells.
Researchers found that Reelin-based therapeutics could help restore the integrity of the gut barrier, reducing inflammation and symptoms of depression. The study suggests a promising new treatment targeting both brain and gut processes.
Research found that inflammatory markers are linked to different aspects of cancer-related fatigue, with some effects persisting after treatment. The study suggests targeting inflammation for developing treatments to alleviate this debilitating symptom.
Researchers explored the therapeutic potential of cannabidiol for Alzheimer's disease by assessing its effects on immune responses and neuroinflammation. CBD treatment reduced expression of key regulators for neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's mice, associated with less proinflammatory molecules.
Double negative T cells (DNT cells) play an indispensable role in suppressing intestinal inflammation, acting as antigen-presenting cells. Their impaired function may contribute to the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease, suggesting they could be a potential therapeutic target.
The review highlights the critical roles of phospholipids in regulating immune cell migration, differentiation, and survival, as well as their regulatory effects on inflammation. Dysregulated phospholipid metabolism is linked to various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
The American College of Cardiology has released a scientific statement on inflammation and its connection to various cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease and heart failure. The statement confirms years of research confirming the importance of inflammation as an underlying contributor to CVDs.
The NF-κB signaling pathway plays a key role in regulating immune responses, inflammation, cell development, and proliferation. Research into its functions and mechanisms continues to uncover new breakthroughs in immunology and life sciences.
The loss of Trp53 leads to more aggressive tumor growth and weaker immune responses in ovarian cancer. Researchers developed a mouse model that mimics human HGSC, showing how the disease progresses and evades the immune system.
The USC team is developing a new drug aimed at a previously unexplored biological target in Alzheimer’s disease, focusing on a trigger of brain inflammation. They have identified an enzyme that predisposes the brain to inflammation and are now working to find a drug that can block it without harmful side effects.
The new journal aims to publish high-quality research on immunity and inflammation, covering all areas of immunology and focusing on the role of inflammation. It seeks to foster a deeper understanding of inflammation's role in immunity and promote innovative approaches to prevent and treat inflammation-related diseases.
A new study from the University of Oklahoma has identified CD82 as a contributing factor to blood vessel leakage, which can initiate inflammation. The researchers found that lowering cholesterol levels with statins can strengthen vessel walls and reduce leakage.
Researchers have designed smart nanomedicines that scavenge ROS, re-programme immunity and restore tissue homeostasis to treat chronic inflammation. The work outlines design rules, AI-assisted screening and scalable synthesis for next-generation anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
A USC Stem Cell-led team has successfully generated lab-grown kidney structures, or organoids, that exhibit kidney-like functions such as blood filtration and urine production. The 'assembloids' achieved maturity levels comparable to newborn mouse kidneys, paving the way for developing new therapies for patients awaiting transplant.
A new study found that cocoa extract supplements rich in flavanols decreased hsCRP levels, an inflammatory marker associated with cardiovascular disease. The results suggest cocoa extract's anti-inflammatory potential may help explain its heart-protective effects.
Stem cell transplantation has been shown to reverse stroke damage in mice by regenerating neurons and restoring motor functions. The treatment also improved blood-brain barrier integrity, reduced inflammation, and promoted new blood vessel formation.
Researchers from the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have identified a common process that powers the creation of protein formations that assemble like a 3D puzzle, triggering inflammation and cell death. This 'Catch-22' mechanism may be one of the fundamental reasons why we age.
Researchers found that an astrocytic 'brake' mechanism, fueled by the neurotransmitter GABA, blocks spinal cord repair after injury. Inhibiting this pathway with the MAOB inhibitor KDS2010 enables recovery of spinal cord function in animal models.
A consortium led by the University of Southampton aims to advance cutting-edge treatments for lung cancer, blood cancers, and chronic inflammation. The ON-TRACT project will train researchers in academic, industrial, and clinical settings to develop safer and more effective treatments.
Researchers found that improving diet quality reduced chronic musculoskeletal pain from 50% to 24%, while also decreasing pain-related quality of life. The study suggests that adopting a healthier diet may lead to meaningful reductions in pain and improve overall wellbeing.
A study led by Dr. Eliza McElwee finds that inflammation triggered by infection can lead to fetal brain inflammation and preterm birth. By administering a complement inhibitor, pregnant mice showed reduced inflammation and increased viability of offspring, suggesting a potential new therapeutic approach.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo found that basophils suppress lung inflammation during ARDS recovery, suggesting potential treatment strategies. Basophils release interleukin-4, which helps immune cells coordinate responses and alleviate lung inflammation.
Researchers found that methotrexate significantly lowers systolic blood pressure in people with rheumatoid arthritis. The study suggests that this could be a new benefit of the drug beyond its usual role in treating inflammation, and may also provide protection against heart disease.
Scientists at Trinity College Dublin discovered that electrically stimulating macrophages can shift them into an anti-inflammatory state, promoting faster tissue repair. This breakthrough offers a potentially powerful new therapeutic option for treating inflammation-driven diseases and injuries.
This review synthesizes evidence from clinical trials on the efficacy of transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (tVNS) in managing abdominal pain, improving gastrointestinal symptoms, and enhancing motility in disorders such as functional dyspepsia, gastroparesis, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. tVNS demonstra...
A new investigational drug, ION224, shows promise in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a serious form of fatty liver disease. By targeting the DGAT2 enzyme, the drug helps reduce fat buildup and inflammation, two major drivers of liver damage.
Researchers discovered that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) leads to blood clotting due to a lack of layilin protein, which prevents platelets from forming unwanted clots. A drug targeting Rac1 activity could reduce excessive clotting and alleviate day-to-day IBD symptoms.
A team of researchers created a 3D-bioprinted model of stenotic brain blood vessels to study the effects of abnormal flow patterns on endothelial cells. The model successfully replicated physiological conditions, including upregulation of inflammatory markers.
An international team of researchers established standardized guidelines for analyzing oxylipins, bioactive lipids related to inflammation and disease. The guidelines aim to improve reproducibility in laboratories and facilitate the transfer of scientific discoveries to clinical practice.
Insilico Medicine has completed IND-enabling studies for ISM8969, an orally available NLRP3 inhibitor targeting inflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. The drug candidate demonstrated favorable PD/PK profiles and dose-dependent efficacy in motor functions in animal models.
The study demonstrates that modulating the vagus nerve can effectively halt the progression of cachexia, enhance chemotherapy outcomes, and improve survival in preclinical models. This intervention restores normal liver metabolism, reduces systemic inflammation, and alleviates cachectic symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma are conducting a first-of-its-kind study to investigate the effect of cannabis use on facial wound healing in head and neck cancer patients. The study aims to determine whether cannabis smoking negatively affects wound healing, with potential implications for other types of surgery and conditions.
The JAK2-STAT3 pathway contributes to inflammation and injury after ischemic stroke. Targeting this pathway shows promise for reducing brain swelling, neuronal death, and improving recovery. Several inhibitors have been found effective in preclinical models, including Tyrphostin AG490, Ruxolitinib, and natural compounds like genistein.
Researchers found that certain antiviral genes become less active with age in people with lupus, leading to fewer inflammatory proteins. This reversal of 'inflammaging' may explain why symptoms improve in some older patients, allowing them to approach healthy aging.
Research found that chronic exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 air pollutants activates harmful allergic-like immune responses in the lungs, leading to inflammation and scarring. The study suggests targeting oxidative stress or modulating NRF2 activity could be a new strategy to treat pollution-induced allergic inflammation.
Conventional dendritic cells have been found to originate from both myeloid and lymphoid progenitors, revealing their unique functions and developmental pathways. These lymphoid-derived cDCs exhibit potent functions in immune suppression and allergy induction, and follow diverse developmental pathways.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine have discovered a link between stress and inflammation and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a type of aggressive and lethal cancer. The findings could lead to the detection of PDAC before it becomes life-threatening, enabling early screening tools for precision medicine.
Researchers developed a chemical probe that binds to damaged mitochondrial DNA, blocking enzymatic processes that lead to its degradation. This approach lessens mtDNA loss, preserving energy production in vulnerable tissues. The new molecule successfully reduced inflammation and maintained functional DNA despite chemical tagging.
A 20-year study suggests that increased access to innovative treatments has led to a significant drop in patients requiring surgery for ulcerative colitis. The use of advanced therapies targeting the immune system has improved treatment outcomes and reduced the need for colectomy procedures.
A study reveals that a combination of dysbiosis, OTUD3 gene mutations, and STING signaling aggravate ulcerative colitis. The intestinal flora plays a vital role in UC, but an unbalanced microbiome with fewer beneficial microbes and more harmful ones contributes to the disease.
Studies have shown that emotional or psychological stress enhances pain responses, but the effects of social pain transmission remain elusive. Researchers found that ultrasonic vocalizations emitted by mice in response to pain stimuli can induce emotional transmission and hyperalgesia in other mice.
Chemotherapy-induced pyroptosis in bladder cancer can actually make the disease more resistant to treatment by fueling cancer stem cells. Blocking this inflammatory process with belnacasan may overcome chemoresistance in preclinical models.
A new study found that older adults with insomnia face triple the risk of developing depressive symptoms compared to sound sleepers. The study suggests that treatments targeted at inflammation-related depression may benefit these patients and improve their overall quality of life.
A survey from the Orlando Health Spine Center found that Americans often opt for short-term relief methods such as rest (44%), over-the-counter pain relievers (42%), and hot/cold therapies (29%) when dealing with neck and back pain. In contrast, only 5% consider surgery as a top option for pain relief.
Chronic health issues may emerge from long-term obesity in young adults, leading to epigenetic alterations, telomere attrition, and impaired nutrient sensing. The study found a significant association between long-term obesity and accelerated biological aging, highlighting the importance of addressing obesity early on.
Researchers explore the biological mechanisms of myopenia in RA, finding it affects individuals of all ages, with notable muscle mass loss without concurrent fat loss. The review highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic relevance of myopenia in RA, emphasizing the importance of early detection and tailored management strategies.
Researchers found that ring-tailed and sifaka lemurs show differences in life pacing and lifespan, making them useful comparisons to human evolution. The study suggests that lemurs avoid the phenomenon of inflammaging widely observed in humans, pointing to potential differences in aging mechanisms.
A large prospective study found that a healthy plant-based diet is associated with an 8% lower risk of ulcerative colitis and a 14% lower risk of Crohn’s disease. Fruits and vegetables were identified as key protective factors against inflammatory bowel disease.
A study found that exposure to β-glucan reprograms immune cells in the lungs, causing them to overreact and worsen lung damage. The research suggests that trained immunity in the lungs may have negative consequences in certain contexts.
Researchers discover a novel metabolic pathway, glyoxalase system, that regulates excessive immune responses by targeting a previously underexplored metabolic pathway. The GLO2-SLG-D-lactylation pathway suppresses inflammatory signaling, reducing inflammation in acute and autoimmune disease settings.
A study published in Neurobiology of Disease found that melanin degradation is impaired in genetically engineered mice lacking the SLC26A4 gene, leading to chronic inflammation and macrophage activation. The researchers propose a novel pathological cascade where melanin accumulation exacerbates hearing loss in pigmented individuals.
Researchers have identified WSTF as a protein that could be targeted to block chronic inflammation, allowing the immune system to continue responding appropriately to short-term threats. The study's findings suggest new potential treatments targeting WSTF may combat chronic inflammatory diseases