This book explores the evolution of patent protection in vaccinology and its impact on vaccine distribution and research collaboration. It highlights the need for balanced IP systems to encourage scientific progress while ensuring public health equity.
The study found that Wuda granule enhances gastrointestinal contractility in beagle dogs, primarily through vagal cholinergic pathways. The prokinetic effect of central WDG was blocked by atropine infusion, but not in the lower GI tract.
According to Miller, brain waves sculpt the flow of information in the cortex, enabling volitional control of thought. The cortex organizes itself through analog computation, leading to consciousness as a unified awareness of thought and experience.
Scientists have developed a targeted genetic test to improve diagnosis for X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism, a rare and disabling movement disorder that affects primarily men of Filipino ancestry. The test correctly identified cases that routine sequencing methods have missed, leading to proper diagnoses and end diagnostic odysseys.
A new study found that a low-glutamate diet significantly improved migraine symptoms in veterans with Gulf War Illness, with measurable brain changes detected. Cortical thickness decreased in patients on the diet, suggesting a potential treatment for chronic neurological symptoms.
Researchers are presenting groundbreaking findings at the Association for Molecular Pathology's annual meeting, including a novel technique to study ancient DNA and rapid detection of serious fungal pathogens. The Association for Molecular Pathology is providing press materials and resources for media coverage.
A new synchronization method for satellite-ground hopping beam communication is proposed, enabling efficient use of frequency resources and power. The method uses a signaling-assisted fast synchronization technique to match business signals between satellite and ground signal stations.
A team from Tokyo Metropolitan University has identified a crucial precursor structure in the formation of tau protein fibrils, mirroring the crystallization of polymers. Dissolving these clusters prevents fibril formation, suggesting a new paradigm for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
A McGill University-led research team has demonstrated the feasibility of thermally driven reverse osmosis (TDRO) for desalinating seawater, utilizing low-grade heat from solar thermal and geothermal energy. The cost-effective technique could improve access to water and increase sustainability in infrastructure.
Verallia and Penn State collaborate to test LionGlass, a new family of glass with reduced carbon footprint and enhanced durability. The partnership aims to lower energy consumption and eliminate carbon-based raw materials.
Researchers at Penn State developed four AI-powered GIS agents to demonstrate autonomous data retrieval, spatial analysis, map generation, and cartographic tasks. The agents showed promise in reducing manual grunt work and expanding geospatial solutions to pressing challenges.
Researchers found that apalutamide and finasteride effectively suppressed AML progression in mice and patient-derived cells by inhibiting the androgen hormone pathway. The study provides a novel targetable pathway for leukemia patients, offering a promising new direction for treatment.
A recent study by Asher Rosinger found that children who drink their tap water and live in food-secure households consume fewer calories from sugary drinks. This suggests a link between water insecurity and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, highlighting the importance of universal access to safe drinking water for children's health.
Researchers at Penn State developed seven new high-entropy oxides by removing oxygen during synthesis, stabilizing iron and manganese in ceramics that wouldn't otherwise stabilize. The team used machine learning to identify six additional combinations of metals forming the new materials.
A team of scientists at Penn State has created a more efficient and less dense piezoelectric ceramic material that can harvest energy from waste vibrations. The improved material, made of potassium sodium niobate, is thermally stable, fatigue resistant and performs competitively with existing lead-based materials.
A clinical trial found that nicotinamide riboside supplementation improved fatigue, sleep, and depressive symptoms in some people with long COVID. However, the overall results did not show significant differences between groups, suggesting that individual responses may vary.
Global rice yields have suffered significantly due to severe flooding, with losses of approximately 4.3% per year between 1980 and 2015. The study highlights the need for adoption of flood-resistant rice varieties in vulnerable regions to avert future losses.
Researchers developed a metal phthalocyanine compound to modify the magnesium metal surface, reducing charge transfer barriers and promoting uniform ion transport. This work provides new insights into interface design for other metal-based batteries.
MendelR integrates multi-omics databases and advanced analytical methods for robust causal inference analysis. It enables large-scale systems-level analyses and high-throughput screening of causal relationships across different biological layers.
A deep learning system developed by Incheon National University integrates images and clinical details to improve early skin cancer diagnosis. The model achieved 94.5% accuracy, outperforming popular image-only models.
A new modeling framework elucidates how antigen heterogeneity, immune selection, and chemotherapy jointly determine tumor evolution and therapeutic outcomes. Chemotherapy reduces antigen heterogeneity, improving the immune microenvironment and enhancing overall treatment efficacy.
A study published in Nature Medicine found bacterial genetic and cellular elements inside brain tumor cells, potentially influencing tumor progression and treatment outcomes. The researchers also linked these bacterial elements to specific immune and metabolic responses in brain tumors.
Researchers used machine learning to uncover structures in finite simple groups, discovering a new theorem on necessary properties of generators. The 2-generator representation shows simplicity has interesting data structure, shedding light on the role of artificial intelligence in pure math.
A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals that the mechanical properties of the developing brain play a significant role in synapse formation and electrical signal emergence. The researchers found that softer regions exhibit higher synapse densities, while stiffer regions show lower densities.
The Society for Neuroscience (SfN) has announced a record-breaking 497 TPDA Awards to support early career neuroscientists attending Neuroscience 2025. The program, which received $620,000 in donations, provides funding support to promising students and postdoctoral fellows from over 280 institutions worldwide.
A new study by University of Galway researchers highlights satellites' unique role in climate adaptation, providing objective and repeatable measurements spanning up to 60 years. The research demonstrates how satellite data can inform adaptation tracking across multiple sectors, supporting the Paris Agreement's Global Goal on Adaptation.
Researchers found a significant link between cultivated cropland, herbicide use, and increased melanoma incidence in Pennsylvania. The study suggests that environmental exposure beyond occupational settings may contribute to skin cancer risk.
Research finds that fixed bonuses are more effective in abundant labor markets, while contingent bonuses are better suited for tight labor markets. However, both strategies have downsides, including reduced worker pay and operational inefficiency. This study sheds light on the complexities of bonus competition in the gig economy.
Scientists at Institute of Science Tokyo developed an automatic and adaptive LED-based optical wireless power transmission system that can efficiently power multiple devices without interruption. The system overcomes limitations of traditional OWPT systems by adapting to varying lighting conditions and ensuring stable power delivery.
Patients with Stage I and II hidradenitis suppurativa experience substantial improvement in skin damage when treated with a combination of topical antibiotic therapy and skin irradiation. Temporary side effects are present but not serious.
A new biomimetic mRNA delivery platform improves PTEN expression levels in patients with colorectal cancer. The system boosts precision immunotherapy by targeting tumors and evading the immune system.
This review analyzes multi-physics phenomena in metal additive manufacturing, leveraging machine learning to optimize quality attributes like defect suppression and geometric fidelity. Machine learning-driven real-time closed-loop control is also explored for full-process regulation.
A study by The Hospital for Sick Children reveals a previously overlooked layer of genetic variation in short tandem repeats (STRs) that can influence gene regulation and shape disease risk. This discovery may inform future research and precision therapeutic development in support of Precision Child Health.
Shared houses in Tokyo are marketed as lifestyle-driven homes focusing on comfort, connection, and personal growth. The study reveals that properties near train stations emphasize accessibility and neighborhood convenience, while those farther away highlight natural surroundings and social interaction.
A preclinical study from Weill Cornell Medicine investigators found that hypertension impairs blood vessels, neurons and white matter in the brain before causing a measurable rise in blood pressure. Gene expression changes in individual brain cells could interfere with thinking and memory.
A new bio-heterojunction platform integrates electrogenic bacteria with piezoelectric nanoparticles to eradicate colorectal tumors and restore the gut microbiome. The platform induces two distinct forms of tumor cell death, apoptosis and pyroptosis, and effectively remolds the tumor microenvironment.
The International Open Medical Journal (IOMJ) has been launched by Asia-Pacific experts, aiming to promote high academic independence and benchmarking against top international publications. The journal will focus on core areas such as global consensus guidelines, multi-omics, AI-driven diagnostics and treatment, and clinical translation.
The proposed 'observation-cognition-interpretation' pipeline matches or surpasses deep baselines with minimal samples per learner, providing actionable feedback and laying groundwork for open-ended problems and multimodal coursework. Expert raters deem its explanations substantially credible.
A team of researchers at Tohoku University has successfully created and electrically controlled triple quantum dots in zinc oxide (ZnO), a promising material for quantum computing. This breakthrough opens a new pathway to exploring complex quantum behaviors and developing potential architectures for quantum computation.
A recent study found that changes in a single gene can cause mental illnesses, with the GRIN2A gene identified as a key culprit. Variants of this gene are associated with schizophrenia and other mental disorders, which can manifest in childhood or adolescence rather than adulthood.
A University of Delaware team, funded by NSF, creates next-generation secure computer chips using AI and game theory. The project aims to predict attacks and set new benchmarks for global hardware security, enabling the design of safer and more trustworthy systems.
Researchers identified key dopants to improve structural stability and ion transport in Na2FeSiO4, a promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. The study's findings provide a roadmap for developing high-performance, low-cost sodium-ion batteries that can compete with lithium-ion technology.
Artificial intelligence is being used to improve diagnostic accuracy in molecular pathology, with studies showing 93% accuracy for cancer diagnosis. Researchers are also using AI to analyze chromosomal changes in blood cancer patients and provide personalized treatment plans.
Research on leptin reveals its multifaceted roles in MAFLD, including regulation of energy balance and metabolism. Leptin therapy shows promise in rare cases of leptin deficiency but is largely ineffective in obesity-associated hyperleptinemia.
A new study found that tourists systematically give restaurants higher online ratings than locals, with a 'tourist bias' that can distort how diners interpret reviews. The researchers analyzed nearly 71,000 restaurant reviews and discovered that consumers were at least 13.4% more likely to leave a higher rating when visiting as tourists.
Researchers have developed a new molecular test to identify Lyme disease earlier and more accurately than traditional methods. The test can detect as few as five bacterial cells and has an estimated sensitivity of 90.9%, making it a potential new avenue for testing Lyme disease.
BioCompNet, a dual-channel 2D U-Net framework, enables automated MRI quantification of multiple tissue compartments, including adipose tissue, muscle, and bone. The model achieves high accuracy and efficiency, with a complete pipeline processing each case in under 1 minute.
A new technique has been developed to study interactions between drugs and ion channels, allowing for faster and more economical design of targeted therapies. The method has been tested on P2X7 receptors, which are therapeutic targets for depression, autism spectrum disorders, and certain types of cancer.
A new monitoring system using synchronized sensors provides detailed information on solar plant performance every tenth of a second, enabling more accurate predictions. This allows for more realistic auction settings and improved grid stability.
Researchers have successfully isolated and sequenced RNA molecules from Ice Age woolly mammoths, providing new insights into the biology of extinct species. The study reveals that RNA can be preserved for nearly 40,000 years, offering a glimpse into the final moments of life.
A study led by SickKids scientists discovered a previously overlooked layer of genetic variation that could help explain individual differences in disease risk and treatment response. The researchers found that subtle changes in short tandem repeats can impact gene function, revealing new insights into neurodevelopmental conditions.
A research team at the Purple Mountain Observatory confirms Stephen Hawking's prediction that a black hole's horizon area cannot shrink when two black holes merge. The analysis of GW230814 shows strong support for the black-hole area law, validating general relativity in extreme astrophysical environments.
A recent study found that Google searches for lorazepam increased by 1.6 million over a 12-week period during the airing of The White Lotus, compared to normal expectations. The show's portrayal of lorazepam use was associated with this surge in interest, including queries on how to acquire it online.
This study evaluates the safety, efficacy, and patient satisfaction of total tubeless single-port thoracoscopic wedge resection in comparison to partial tubeless surgery. The results show that this minimally invasive technique has a shorter operative time with minimal impact on postoperative outcomes.
A Japanese government panel has backed a report allowing research on human embryos created from stem cell-derived sperm and eggs. Professor Tsutomu Sawai of Hiroshima University emphasizes the need for an anticipatory, rather than reactive, approach to ethics in this rapidly advancing field.
Strong social support from family and friends leads to a reduction in unsafe firearm behaviors, such as frequent public carrying, according to Rutgers Health researchers. They found individuals with increased social support had lower odds of frequently carrying firearms and storing them unsafely.
Researchers have developed two novel fullerene derivatives to stabilize inverted perovskite solar cells, achieving higher efficiency and stability. The new electron transport layers show improved performance and operational stability under continuous light exposure.
The University of Oxford has launched the Nature's Intelligence Studio, a programme that translates principles from biological systems into technologies supporting sustainable innovation. The studio aims to align conservation and industrial decarbonisation through bio-inspired solutions.
Fondazione Telethon's gene therapy Waskyra, treating Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome, has received CHMP positive opinion and marketing authorisation in the European Union. The therapy offers new hope for patients affected by this rare genetic disorder.
A recent Finnish study found an association between severe nausea during pregnancy and depression, both before and after childbirth. Women who experienced severe nausea were more likely to develop depression and receive earlier diagnoses.