Science News for April 8, 2026

Rethinking the gut microbiome: Health is not about staying the same

Traveling tropical disturbance increases rainfall across the Hawaiian Islands

Deadly heat stress conditions already occurring

Manipulating interphase chemistry by endogenous doping toward high‑performance hard carbon anodes for sodium‑ion batteries

Skin can ‘pre-learn’: Priming cells for regeneration before injury

Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology discovered a way to prime skin cells for regeneration before injury, enabling rapid and effective healing. This approach, called mosaic partial reprogramming, reshapes surrounding cells and tissue microenvironment to accelerate wound healing.

InnoCORE Research Group successfully achieves AI protein design with Nobel Laureate David Baker​

Researchers at KAIST InnoCORE successfully designed artificial proteins using AI to recognize specific compounds. The team developed an AI model that reflects protein-ligand interactions and designed binding proteins for six types of compounds, including metabolites and small-molecule drugs.

African swine fever: a novel model for assessing transmission between domestic pigs and wild boar

Researchers developed an innovative multi-host epidemiological model to study African swine fever (ASF) transmission between domestic pigs and wild boars. The model found that inter-farm transmission was the primary driver sustaining outbreaks, while nearby infected wild boar populations played a significant role in ASF spread.

Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase AhZAR1 regulates early seed development in peanut

A peanut mutant's embryo development failure is linked to AhZAR1, a receptor-like kinase essential for early embryogenesis. The AhZAR1 protein interacts with key signaling pathways, including auxin and brassinosteroid pathways.

Global musicians face the same 'streaming paradox' as US- and UK-based artists, study finds

A study of 1,200 musicians in five countries reveals the 'streaming paradox': while artists are more visible than ever, meaningful income remains elusive. Musicians face growing pressure to create engaging content and manage their online presence.

New Hampshire ski industry concerned about climate change

A recent UNH study reveals that New Hampshire ski industry professionals are increasingly concerned about climate change, with 85% expressing alarm or concern. The industry generates $278.8 million annually and supports over 10,000 jobs, highlighting the need for sustainable practices and advocacy.

Self-employed Hispanic women may be at lower risk for cardiovascular disease compared with their salaried counterparts

Research published in Ethnicity & Disease found that self-employed Hispanic women report less high blood pressure, obesity, and poor health compared to their salaried counterparts. They were also more likely to exercise, with a nearly 11% higher rate of physical activity.

Atomic-level structure of a giant virus revealed

Researchers at ExCELLS/NIPS successfully determined the capsid structure of Melbournevirus at 4.4 Å resolution using cryo-EM. The study's 'block-based reconstruction method' improved resolution, revealing detailed arrangement of proteins constituting the massive capsid.

Salk Institute to lead ARPA-H project with up to $41.3M to advance sonogenetics as a noninvasive therapeutic

The Salk Institute will lead an ARPA-H-funded project to develop ultrasound-sensitive protein tools, wearable ultrasound delivery technology, and a translational path to the clinic for major unmet medical needs. The team aims to create a noninvasive therapy for conditions such as peripheral neuropathy.

Astronomers have identified the most primitive star ever found

Astronomers have identified a metal-poor star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, which is almost entirely hydrogen and helium with trace amounts of carbon and iron. Studying this low-mass star can help clarify our understanding of the first generation of stars, called Population III stars.

A framework for human brain–computer interfaces with single-neuron recordings

A new framework for brain-computer interfaces is proposed using single-neuron recordings, integrating clinical advances with existing technologies. The framework enables two closed-loop strategies: adaptive neural feedback systems and adaptive neuromodulation systems, facilitating the study of memory processing and concept cells.

A “stemness checkpoint” helps control stem cell identity

Researchers have identified GSK3α as a common checkpoint controlling stem cell differentiation, maintaining self-renewal and preserving identities in various stem cell types. Inhibiting GSK3α demonstrates its fundamental role in regulating stem cell biology across developmental stages and species.

Reported 2025 drug overdose ‘spike’ was an illusion, new study finds

A new Northwestern University study confirms that US drug overdose deaths have continued to decline following a peak in August 2023, contrary to speculation of manipulated CDC data. The study highlights the importance of accurate data for public health response and calls for greater transparency in federal data systems.

ACM Prize in Computing honors Matei Zaharia for foundational contributions to data and machine learning systems

Matei Zaharia's work on open-source systems like Apache Spark, Delta Lake, and MLflow has enabled large-scale machine learning, analytics, and AI at global scale. His innovations have made scalable computing accessible to researchers, nonprofits, and enterprises across every industry.

Linker histone H1 acts as a liquid-like “glue” for chromatin

A recent study reveals that linker histone H1 binds to nucleosomes and creates a dynamic, flexible network that condenses chromatin. This new understanding suggests that chromatin behaves like a liquid-like 'glue' rather than a rigid structure.

Healthier plant-based diet associated with lower risk of Alzheimer’s, other dementias

A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that a higher quality plant-based diet is associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Researchers compared participants based on their diet scores, finding that those who followed healthier plant-based diets had a lower risk of dementia.

ORNL receives six Federal Lab Consortium awards for Technology Transfer Excellence

The Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory was recently awarded six Federal Lab Consortium awards for Technology Transfer Excellence. The awards recognize the successful transfer of technology from laboratory to industry, including a breakthrough suite of lithium extraction technologies that enable secure domestic supply.

The structure of online reviews shapes their helpfulness

A study of nearly 200,000 Amazon reviews reveals that the structure of online product reviews plays a crucial role in their helpfulness. The researchers identified nine possible structures of online reviews and found that different review structures are more or less helpful depending on how highly the reviewer has rated the product.

Study explores link between smoking, dementia

A new study from the University of Chicago suggests that smoking may be linked to dementia through a previously unmapped route between the lungs and brain, involving pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and exosomes that disrupt iron balance in neurons.

Quantum skyrmions and high dimensional entanglement mediated by nanophotonics

Researchers developed a nanophotonic platform to generate quantum optical Stokes skyrmion states with controlled topological invariant, eliminating the need for post-selection. This enables robust morphing of quantum information into free-space.

Fat-producing enzyme may amplify damage in Parkinson’s disease, finds NTU Singapore study

Scientists at NTU Singapore found that glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) amplifies α-synuclein toxicity by altering fat metabolism in brain cells. Targeting GPAT activity may offer a new strategy for treating Parkinson's disease.

UCF research to help inform statewide efforts to stop domestic violence and improve care for survivors

Researchers are evaluating the state's domestic violence resources to better support survivors and prevent further abuse. Through a $257,384 grant, UCF faculty are analyzing data from various sources and surveying organizations that provide domestic violence services.

World's largest study of human flourishing opens its data to the public

The Global Flourishing Study dataset, spanning two waves and 200,000 participants across 22 countries, is now publicly available. Researchers can access the data without pre-registration, expanding the study's impact on understanding human flourishing.

How do plant roots grow in unpredictable temperatures?

Researchers found that auxin's partner proteins serve as internal plant 'thermostats' that directly sense temperature and change genetic programs to direct root growth accordingly. This discovery could lead to engineering plants that withstand extreme temperatures, protecting crop productivity under challenging conditions.

Research development in intelligent generative design methods for steel modular structures

A comprehensive review of artificial intelligence in steel modular structures' generative design reveals a shift from rule-based automation to integrated, data-driven solutions. The study proposes future directions for hybrid knowledge-data integration models and practical engineering deployment.

New advances in understanding how the most common form of childhood cancer originates

A study published in Cell Reports reveals a two-phase model explaining the origin of childhood B-ALL, involving hyperdiploidy and subsequent malignant transformation. Hyperdiploidy causes chromosomal instability, delaying cell differentiation and allowing rare clones to persist without triggering leukaemia.

Genetic markers fast-track breeding of seedless muscadine grapes

Using new genetic markers, fruit breeders can predict flower sex type and seedlessness in muscadines and other grapes with high accuracy. The approach will save time and resources in developing new grape varieties, including the major challenge of creating flavorful seedless muscadines on self-pollinating vines.

University of Minnesota researchers develop new method providing clearer view of how genome functions in cancer

Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School have developed a new method called PARTAGE that provides a clearer picture of how the genome is regulated and disrupted in diseases like cancer. The method allows for the measurement of three key features from the same sample: DNA duplication, genomic alterations, and gene activ...

Dual quasi-BIC resonances synergized laser cooling in halide perovskite metasurface

Researchers developed a halide-perovskite metasurface strategy using dual quasi-bound states in the continuum (q-BICs) to overcome pump absorption and radiative efficiency limitations. The system achieved an external quantum efficiency of up to 98.8% and cooled materials from room temperature to -201 °C.

Mental and physical illnesses go hand in hand. A new genetic study helps explain why

A recent genetic study analyzing DNA from 2 million people found that similar chunks of DNA are associated with both psychiatric disorders like depression and PTSD, as well as various physical ailments. This discovery could lead to more effective treatments that address both mental and physical health.

Steering toward better larynx surgeries

Researchers developed a flexible optical fiber that can be steered into the larynx to destroy hard-to-reach tumors, expanding outpatient laser treatment options. The device successfully reached 81% of targets in tests with a 3D-printed replica of a human larynx.

Five University of Tennessee faculty teams receive Chancellor’s Innovation Fund Awards

The Chancellor’s Innovation Fund Awards support cutting-edge research and development projects across various fields. Faculty recipients will use the funding to refine their technologies, build prototypes, and assess market opportunities. The awards aim to bridge publicly funded academic research with private financing, fostering entre...

Enzyme produced by fungus may replace chemicals in the paper industry

A new enzyme from a fungus cultivated in sugarcane bagasse or wheat bran can promote cellulose pulp bleaching. The xylanase facilitates the removal of xylan fractions associated with residual lignin, increasing brightness and efficiency in subsequent stages of pulp processing. This non-toxic alternative reduces chemical load and has gr...

Breathing and moving in the ancient world of reptiles: What a mummified 289-million-year-old reptile can reveal about us today

A 289-million-year-old mummified reptile has provided scientists with a unique window into the evolution of breathing and movement in ancient reptiles. The study found that the reptile's respiratory system is similar to that of modern reptiles, birds, and mammals, suggesting an efficient mechanism for respiration.

Tailored menopause education strengthens clinician confidence and quality of care

A new study found that targeted, case-based learning improved provider confidence and identified critical unmet educational needs in menopause care. Clinicians reported high satisfaction with the program and noted anticipated changes in clinical practice, such as increased comfort initiating treatment.

Tumoroid study points to smarter therapy for cervical GAS

Researchers found that blocking clusterin, a molecule linked to stress and tumor growth, slows tumor growth signals and makes the cancer more responsive to cisplatin. The study's findings offer a possible strategy for treating cervical gastric-type adenocarcinoma, one of the most aggressive non-HPV associated cervical adenocarcinomas.

Social support, sleep, and pain management linked to mental health in later life

A national Canadian study found that older adults who are socially connected, physically healthy, and spiritually engaged are significantly more likely to experience complete mental health. Social support emerged as one of the strongest predictors, doubling the odds of achieving complete mental health.

CAR therapy moves beyond cancer

Researchers are diversifying CAR therapy to overcome limitations, exploring engineered cell platforms like NK cells, γδ T cells, and macrophages. This expansion could treat a broader range of diseases, including lupus, infection, cardiac fibrosis, and senescence-related disorders.

Although tropical mammals account for most discoveries, studies in temperate regions are more robust

A study reveals improved quality of mammal species descriptions from temperate regions, with authors from wealthy countries using more advanced techniques. The study, supported by FAPESP, analyzed 1,116 new species descriptions between 1990 and 2025.

If you’re a perfectionist at work, your boss’ expectations may matter more than your own, research finds

A new study from University of Florida finds that employee perfectionism impact depends on alignment with supervisor's expectations and clarity in understanding. When employees' standards match supervisors', they experience less uncertainty, better performance, and higher job satisfaction.

New glassfrog species named for first Ecuadorian woman to win a gold medal

Researchers have discovered a new species of glassfrog in Ecuador named after Neisi Dajomes, the first Ecuadorian woman to win an Olympic gold medal. The Dajomes glassfrog has uniformly green skin with a pebbly texture and a white membrane covered in light-reflecting cells on its underside.

New technique for synthesizing branched molecules could accelerate the development of future medicines

Scripps Research scientists develop a new approach to building branched molecular structures, overcoming a technical obstacle that limited chemists' ability to assemble complex molecules. The method, using metal hydride selection, produces more than 50 new branched compounds with an unusually high degree of control.

Study links PFAS exposure to weaker immune response, underscoring need for water protections

A new study found that exposure to PFAS may weaken the immune system in adults, raising concerns about long-term health effects of these widely used chemicals. The research highlights the importance of reducing PFAS levels in drinking water to protect public health.

More than half of vets report that they likely see cases of animal abuse by falsification, analogous to Munchausen syndrome by proxy, in their practice, per small Dutch survey

A small Dutch survey found that more than half of veterinarians believe they will see cases of animal abuse by falsification, akin to Munchausen syndrome by proxy. This recognition is alarming and warrants further investigation into animal welfare practices among veterinary professionals.

Long-term obesity associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, especially in younger adults

A new study by Mass General Brigham reveals that long-term exposure to excess weight is a stronger predictor of cardiovascular disease risk than BMI at a single point in time. Younger individuals with high cumulative exposure to excess weight are particularly at increased risk.

Ancient tectonic processes the key to locating rare minerals

Research reveals strong global link between ancient subduction zones and formation of rare earth element deposits and carbonatites. Ancient tectonic processes are critical to locating economically viable rare mineral deposits.

Optical control of nuclear spins in molecules points to new paths for quantum technologies

Researchers have successfully initialized and detected nuclear spin states in a europium-based molecular crystal using laser light, achieving nuclear spin quantum coherence with a lifetime of up to two milliseconds. This breakthrough paves the way for scalable quantum computers and atomically precise qubit registers.

These AI-powered guide dogs don’t just lead – they talk

Researchers at Binghamton University have created a talking robot guide dog system that determines ideal routes and guides visually impaired users safely to their destinations. The system offers real-time verbal feedback and provides situational awareness, significantly enhancing the user experience.

Sinking land drives coastal flood risk on densely populated Java Island

A new study reveals that subsidence is a major driver of coastal flooding along Java Island, with rates of up to 15 centimeters per year. Groundwater withdrawal and agricultural water use are identified as key culprits, highlighting the need for active monitoring and mitigation.

Research traces evolution of anglerfishes’ famed fishing-rod lures

Anglerfish species use lures for both attracting prey and signaling potential mates, with bioluminescent lures appearing around 34-23 million years ago. Researchers analyzed over 100 species to study the evolutionary history of lures, tracing changes from motion-based to glowing lures.

A nanoscale robotic cleaner

Researchers have developed light-driven nanorobots that can track down and collect bacteria, perform rapid 90° turns and selectively capture bacteria. The nanorobots enable controlled interaction with the microscopic world, opening possibilities for microbiology, biomedical research and targeted manipulation at the microscale.

UH Seidman Cancer Center researchers to test a gut microbiome intervention as part of a cancer therapy regimen

The S2419 BioFront study aims to enroll over 700 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma and test the safety and efficacy of a CBM588 capsule as part of an immunotherapy-based treatment. The trial seeks to improve outcomes for patients by leveraging the gut microbiome.

Human changes in land-cover increase global landslide fatalities in mountains considerably

A new study reveals that human transformations in land cover have a substantially greater influence on landslide fatalities than physical factors, particularly in low- and lower-middle-income nations. This research highlights how increasing human pressure on nature worsens the vulnerability of socioeconomically disadvantaged people.

Breastfeeding patterns differ between India’s slums and other city neighborhoods, new study finds

A new study found that breastfeeding practices vary significantly between urban slum and non-slum areas in India. Urban slum mothers tend to start breastfeeding earlier, while non-slum mothers are more likely to breastfeed only breastmilk for the first five months.

Phase I study for human monoclonal antibody for Lyme disease demonstrates safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics

A Phase I clinical trial of a human monoclonal antibody for Lyme disease demonstrates its safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics. The treatment, TNX-4800, provides lasting serum concentrations and has the potential to offer passive immunity against the disease.

EANM joins EMUC26 as co-organizer of Europe’s leading urological cancer congress

The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) has joined the EMUC26 congress to promote nuclear medicine expertise in urological cancers. The event will bring together healthcare professionals from various disciplines to discuss current practices and emerging innovations.

UMass Chan researchers shed light on how inflammation in GI tract rewires enteric nervous system

Research reveals inflammation in the GI tract changes how nerves are arranged, affecting intestinal muscle contractions. A protective stress response pathway helps neurons survive, preserving their structure and potentially offering a way to curtail persistent symptoms associated with IBD.

Little-used cholesterol test could prevent more heart attacks, strokes

A Northwestern University study found that apolipoprotein B (apoB) testing is more effective and cost-efficient than standard cholesterol tests in guiding treatment and preventing heart attacks and strokes. The study suggests that apoB-guided care can improve population health and save lives at a lower cost.

Should emojis be used in workplace communications?

A new study by the University of Ottawa found that emojis can negatively affect perceptions of competence and appropriateness in professional settings. The researchers discovered that using positive emojis with negative messages can create a sense of dishonesty, while negative emojis can lower overall competence perception.

Study identifies strategy to overcome radiation therapy resistance in lung cancer

Researchers at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center have identified a way lung cancer cells evade radiation therapy and developed a strategy to overcome this challenge using a DHODH inhibitor. The study found that inhibiting DHODH with leflunomide can help overcome radiation resistance by promoting ferroptosis, allowing ...

Food literacy program helps rural, uninsured patients with diabetes build healthy eating skills

A recent study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that a Food is Medicine and food literacy education program improved food-related knowledge and practical skills among rural, uninsured adults with type 2 diabetes. The Fresh Start FIM + Food Literacy intervention showed significant overall improvements i...

Study: Long-term opioid prescribing fell, but millions still receive extended opioid therapy

A recent study found a decline in long-term opioid prescribing in the US between 2015 and 2023, with a 24.3% decrease in patients receiving extended therapy. However, approximately 4.2 million US patients still received opioids for 90 days or longer in 2023, indicating the need for improved treatment models for chronic pain management.

VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center completes inaugural VCU Massey–Sanford Burnham Prebys drug discovery collaborative program funding cycle

The VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center has completed the inaugural funding cycle of its collaborative drug discovery program with the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute. Two projects have received $50,000 each to advance innovative cancer drug discovery efforts.

Terasaki principal investigator Dr. Yangzhi Zhu publishes smart contact lens for real-time IOP monitoring and closed-loop treatment delivery in Science Translational Medicine

Researchers at Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation develop a smart contact lens that monitors intraocular pressure in real time and delivers treatment. The technology has shown promising results in preclinical models and aims to improve quality of life for patients with ocular diseases.

Researchers find new target to sensitize pancreatic tumors to immunotherapy

A study published in Cancer Research has identified DPY30 as an epigenetic target that can sensitize pancreatic tumors to immunotherapy. By modulating DNA replication stress, DPY30 promotes the addition of activation signals at stressed replication forks, supporting cancer cell survival and proliferation.

Physical activity and appropriate sleep linked to subsequent lower dementia risk

A meta-analysis of millions of community-dwelling adults found that regular physical activity, less sedentary time, and appropriate nightly sleep (7-8 hours) were associated with a lower subsequent risk of dementia. Conversely, too little or too much sleep was linked to an increased risk, highlighting the importance of optimal sleep du...

Researchers warn against securitized response to global biodiversity loss

Researchers warn that a securitized response to global biodiversity loss could lead to poorly targeted actions and policy. They highlight concerns over migration claims and call for evidence-based, non-securitised policy.

UH engineer exposes structural weakness driving lithium-ion battery failure

Researchers have discovered that lithium dendrites in batteries are unexpectedly strong and brittle, causing short circuits and safety risks. The findings suggest that future battery design must change to improve safety and reliability of high-energy storage systems.

New MRI technique enables long-term tracking of transplanted stem cell-derived heart cells

Researchers have developed a new MRI technique that can track transplanted stem-cell-derived heart cells over long periods. This method allows scientists to visualize where transplanted cells survive, helping to improve therapies for patients with heart damage.

One atom makes all the difference: Heat transport through molecules controlled in a targeted manner for the first time

Scientists have successfully controlled heat transport in molecules by replacing a single atom with heavier halogen atoms, significantly reducing thermal conductance. This breakthrough opens up the possibility of independent control over thermal and electric current in molecular materials.

Researchers use lasers to turn leather into wearable power

A new method creates flexible microsupercapacitors on vegetable-tanned leather using a CO2 laser, enabling eco-friendly and durable energy storage. The technology has potential applications in wearable electronics, smart clothing, and skin-mounted sensors.

Neanderthals in Central Europe hunted pond turtles

Researchers found cut marks on turtle shell fragments suggesting Neanderthals carefully butchered and cleaned the shells, which may have been reused as small containers or scoop-like implements. The study sheds new light on Neanderthal ecological flexibility and survival strategies.

AGS honors Dr. G. Michael Harper with Dennis W. Jahnigen Memorial Award at #AGS26 for lasting impact on geriatrics education

Dr. G. Michael Harper, a renowned mentor and educator, receives the Dennis W. Jahnigen Memorial Award from AGS for his transformative work in geriatrics education. He has developed innovative programs and standards that train healthcare professionals to care for older adults.

Pollinator-friendly gardens don’t have to sacrifice style

A new study from Northwestern University and the Chicago Botanic Garden found that some cultivated plants, such as black-eyed Susan and foxglove beardtongue, can attract pollinators at similar rates to their wild counterparts. This research provides a middle ground for gardeners who want to support pollinators without going fully wild.

New study shows linens, not equipment emissions, dominate ultrasound’s carbon footprint

A new JACR study suggests radiology departments should optimize use of linens and disposable supplies to reduce environmental impact and costs. The study found that linens (35%) and other single-use supplies (34%) accounted for most of ultrasound's greenhouse gas emissions.

Mangrove crab outruns its namesake in climate-driven coastal shift

A study reveals that Atlantic mangrove fiddler crabs are settling into temperate salt marshes along the southeastern US coast due to climate change. The species is expanding its range northward, with some populations reaching as far as South Carolina, and may soon spread to North Carolina.

Zebrafish reveal new insights into the biology of autism

Researchers have identified drug candidates that reverse disrupted behaviors in zebrafish carrying mutations in specific autism risk genes. The study highlights the importance of stratifying or subgrouping autism risk genes to identify potential drug candidates using a precision medicine-based approach.

Male gender, marriage, and social support linked to flourishing mental health for older Canadians

A new study found that male, married Canadians with social support, healthy habits, and excellent health are more likely to experience high levels of emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Social support was a key factor associated with flourishing mental health among older adults.

New study reveals ‘transition state’ mechanism behind sugar transport into cells

Scientists at Stockholm University and SciLifeLab have uncovered a crucial missing link in how sugar transporters move nutrients into cells. Their study reveals that these transport proteins rely on a previously uncharacterized intermediate state, similar to the 'transition state' in enzyme catalysis.

New method makes cancer cells more visible to immune system

Researchers have discovered a new method to make cancer cells more visible to the immune system by blocking NMD, allowing faulty RNA to be used by cells to produce abnormal proteins. This increased visibility of antigens on cancer cells could improve immunotherapy response rates and lead to better outcomes for patients.

Frontiers Research Foundation signs multilateral declaration at One Health Summit to advance open data sharing for healthy lives on a healthy planet

The Frontiers Research Foundation has endorsed the One Health Data Convergence Declaration of Intent, aiming to make existing and future research data interoperable and coherent. This declaration sets out a shared framework to unlock data for the benefit of One Sustainable Health for All.

New chip design could boost efficiency of power management in data centers

Engineers at UC San Diego developed a new chip design that combines piezoelectric resonators with capacitors for efficient voltage conversion, achieving peak efficiency of 96.2% and delivering four times more output current than earlier designs.

HKUST uncovers key mechanism of liquid-liquid phase separation

A research team at HKUST used large-scale molecular dynamics simulation to study liquid-liquid phase separation, discovering an electrochemical 'superhighway' that drives assembly at an incredible rate. This breakthrough provides a blueprint for creating materials with instant, biocompatible properties.

Comparative analysis of intermuscular bones in hybrid fish (BTB) and its parents

Researchers have developed a new method to reduce intermuscular bones in hybrid fish through hybridization, resulting in offspring with fewer IBs and improved processing efficiency. The study provides molecular biological insights into phenotypic changes in hybrid lineages and their derivatives.

Opioids in the nest: Placental EVs hint fetal hearts are stressed

Research identifies how maternal oxycodone exposure affects fetal heart development through altered placental signals. The study found that placental EVs are smaller and more numerous in oxycodone-exposed pregnancies, indicating stress-related changes.

Excess weight in early adulthood linked to higher risk of premature death

A new study found that maintaining a healthy weight from early adulthood is associated with lower risks of premature death from various diseases. Excess weight at 25 years old has lasting effects on mortality risk, independent of subsequent weight changes.

Evidence of an exotic atomic nucleus state

Researchers have successfully detected an exotic atomic nucleus state, bound solely by the strong interaction, in a carbon isotope experiment. The discovery sheds new light on the properties of this fundamental force and its role in shaping particle masses.

Summer is getting longer, and it’s happening faster than we thought

Research by University of British Columbia researchers found that summer weather is arriving earlier, lasting longer and packing more heat. The average summer season has grown about six days longer per decade in the tropics and polar circles since 1990.

FedPD: personalized federated learning based on partial distillation

The HIT team developed FedPD to address model heterogeneity in FL by intelligently evaluating global ensemble knowledge and local features. This framework enables selective knowledge transfer, filtering conflicting information, and extracting beneficial traits for precise optimization.

Dual-functional Cr3+-doped InP quantum dots: breaking through synergistic regulation of pure blue emission and room-temperature ferromagnetism

Researchers have developed Cr³⁺-doped InP/ZnS quantum dots that exhibit pure blue emission and room-temperature ferromagnetism. The dual-functional QDs are achieved through a hot injection method, which effectively passivates surface defects and suppresses non-radiative recombination.

AMOC collapse could turn Southern Ocean into carbon source, adding 0.2°C to global warming

A collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) would lead to a substantial release of oceanic carbon, contributing to additional global warming. Higher CO₂ concentrations in the atmosphere amplify this effect, potentially leading to a 0.2°C increase in global temperatures.

Physicists zero in on the mass of the fundamental W boson particle

A team of physicists has confirmed the mass of the fundamental W boson particle using an ultra-precise measurement, reaffirming the Standard Model's predictions. The new measurement is based on over 1 billion proton-colliding events produced by the Large Hadron Collider and is in line with previous experiments.

Spray-dried graphite/CNT/Si composite anodes with improved cycling stability

The study introduces a spray-dried graphite/CNT/Si composite microsphere with improved cycling stability and capacity retention compared to conventional blends. The optimized composite delivers enhanced performance due to the presence of conductive carbon nanotubes and its mechanical resilient structure.

Penguin ‘toxicologists’ find PFAS chemicals in remote Patagonia

A study by the University of California, Davis, and State University of New York at Buffalo found that per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were detected in over 90% of penguin leg bands in remote Patagonia. The non-invasive sampling method revealed a shift from legacy PFAS to newer replacement chemicals in the environment.

S-scheme Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:(Eu,Dy)/CdS heterojunction for round-the-clock photocatalytic H₂ production

Researchers developed an S-scheme Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:(Eu,Dy)/CdS heterojunction catalyst that exhibits excellent catalytic performance. The catalyst can produce hydrogen continuously for up to 3 hours in the dark after UV-visible light irradiation.

‘Reinforced concrete’ architecture enables strong composites with superior electromagnetic wave absorption

Researchers have developed a novel composite material that combines high mechanical strength with exceptional electromagnetic wave absorption. The 'reinforced concrete' structure, inspired by traditional building materials, improves the material's toughness and effectiveness in absorbing electromagnetic radiation.

Natural compound PGG unlocks pyroptosis to boost anti-tumor immunity

Researchers have identified a natural compound called PGG as a MAT2A inhibitor that promotes protein degradation while inhibiting enzymatic activity, offering a promising new strategy for cancer immunotherapy.

How fresh is this fish?

Researchers at Hokkaido University developed a mathematical model that can measure fish freshness in real time. The model uses the degradation pathway of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in fish muscle after death to estimate current freshness and predict changes over time.

Astragalus polysaccharide-linked exosomes “wake up” latent HIV-1 by flipping a key cellular switch

Researchers found that Astragalus polysaccharide-linked exosomes can reactivate latent HIV-1 in infected cells. Exposing reservoir cells to APS resulted in increased GFP+ proportions, elevated p24 levels, and upregulated Gag/LTR transcripts. The findings highlight APS-Lat-EXO as a promising candidate for latency-reversal research.

Turn enemies into friends: Repurposing the Tip Effect via Magneto-Electric Orchestration

Researchers propose a novel design concept that utilizes a three-dimensional Cu/Fe3O4 Mott-Schottky nano-tip array to regulate electric fields and ion distribution. This structure suppresses lithium dendrite growth through a triple synergistic mechanism, enabling safe energy storage.

State of health estimation for bipolar lead-acid batteries based on gray wolf optimized hybrid regression technique

Researchers developed a novel approach to estimate the state of health of bipolar lead-acid batteries using partial charging profiles and a hybrid regression framework. The method achieved accurate results, with an average root mean squared error below 1.5%, outperforming other models.

ForestTalks webinar explores integrating Earth observation and national forest inventories across Europe

The webinar highlighted the potential of combining NFI field data, EO disturbance products, and national statistics for robust forest carbon monitoring. Continental-scale carbon balance analysis showed a trend towards neutral over the past decade, with large interannual variability.

Insilico Medicine nominates ISM6200, a potential best-in-class selective NR3C1 inhibitor for ovarian cancer, Cushing’s Syndrome, hypercortisolism-associated obesity and glaucoma

ISM6200 is a potent, potentially best-in-class preclinical candidate targeting NR3C1 for the treatment of ovarian cancer, Hypercortisolism (Cushing’s Syndrome), and other disorders related to excess cortisol. The molecule demonstrates low DDI risks and higher in vivo efficacy across multiple animal models.

New 23andMe research institute study identifies genetic predictors for GLP-1 weight loss efficacy and side effects

A new 23andMe study reveals genetic predictors for GLP-1 weight loss efficacy and side effects, providing a personalized approach to obesity treatment. The findings identify specific genetic variants associated with increased weight loss efficacy and nausea/vomiting side effects.

The oldest breath: A 300-million-year-old mummy reveals the origins of how amniotes breathe

Researchers uncover 289 million-year-old mummy of lizard-like creature Captorhinus aguti, preserving skin, cartilage, and protein remnants. The find reveals the oldest example of costal breathing system in amniotes, shedding light on early reptile evolution.

CytoSorbⓇ and oXirisⓇ for the management of septic shock

A study comparing two blood purification strategies for septic shock found that both CytoSorbⓇ and oXirisⓇ improved hemodynamic status by reducing lactate levels and vasopressor requirements. However, no significant differences were found in primary outcomes, suggesting comparable clinical benefits.

Being physically fit helps prevent diseases

A new study confirms a direct link between good physical fitness and reduced risk of suffering from over 30 diseases. Individuals with high genetic predisposition to be physically fit exhibit lower risks of cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, and asthma, while also showing better health in metabolic and inflammatory aspects.

US trends in long-term opioid therapy

Long-term opioid therapy prescription rates declined in the US from 2015 to 2023, despite a growing population of older adults receiving these treatments. Approximately 4-5 million patients were prescribed long-term opioids in 2023, with Medicare covering a larger proportion, raising concerns about safety.

Largest-ever study of psychedelics could help advance their use in treating mental health disorders

A multinational study of five psychedelic compounds has identified two consistent neural effects across different drugs, weakening internal brain networks and increasing communication between networks. This breakthrough could help guide the design of future treatments for mental health disorders.

Boiling Water Brews “Nanomedicine”: Pueraria lobata decoction-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles reveal a novel mechanism for ulcerative colitis treatment

Researchers isolated intact nanoparticles from boiled Pueraria lobata and found they modulated intestinal microbiota, reducing inflammation and repairing mucosal barriers. GGD-PDVLNs administered alone replicated therapeutic benefits of GeGen decoction, highlighting their role as core active ingredients.

Soft multiaxial strain mapping interface with AI-driven decoding for silent speech in noise

A new soft multiaxial strain mapping interface combines with AI processing to capture complex throat muscle movements and decode silent speech. The system achieved 85.8% recognition accuracy for NATO phonetic words in controlled tests and real-world noisy environments.

The World’s happiest country launches a 100-year study to understand human wellbeing

The Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare is launching a century-long research initiative to understand the roots of mental health challenges, loneliness, and social uncertainty. The study, Future Finland, will follow 200,000 families over time, examining how biological, behavioral, and social factors influence wellbeing.

Researchers predict melting glaciers may threaten future water security

Researchers predict that glaciers in High Mountain Asia may threaten future water security due to rapid melting caused by warming temperatures. The study found significant losses in glacier mass between 2002 and 2023, which could intensify short-term flood risks and reduce long-term meltwater availability.

A high-performance photodetector with precision in structure and power detection

A research team from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology has developed a new type of photodetector that achieves impressive responsivity and detectivity. The device uses highly ordered superlattices to overcome the limitations of traditional quantum dot-based photodetectors.

Cell-by-cell analysis offers clues to pregnancy risks

Researchers mapped the maternal-fetal interface in unprecedented detail, identifying new cell types and insights into conditions such as preeclampsia and preterm birth. The study found a previously unknown cell type that responds to cannabis, which may explain its association with poorer pregnancy outcomes.

A new trick brings stability to quantum operations

A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has successfully realised a high-quality swap gate using only geometric phases with extremely cold potassium atoms. This breakthrough enables the robust exchange of quantum states between qubits, a crucial step towards building large-scale quantum computers.

CAR therapies for neurodegeneration: a big challenge with increasingly plausible solutions

Researchers propose tailored approaches using CAR platforms, incorporating effector cells like macrophages and Tregs to modulate key processes in neurodegeneration. High-precision immunomodulation is essential for overcoming the complex nature of these diseases.

Bottom trawling catches thousands of fish species, including those most at-risk

A global inventory reveals that bottom trawling catches over 3,000 fish species, including critically endangered and vulnerable species, highlighting the urgent need for better documentation and management of its impacts on marine biodiversity.

New research shows that tau protein spreads through connected neurons in people with Alzheimer’s disease

A recent study published in Neuron provides new insight into how tau tangles spread from one brain region to another in people with Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that tau seeds travel along individual's natural communication pathways, influencing the spread of Alzheimer's pathology and suggesting a potential therapeutic target.

Avoiding the very hungry caterpillar

A team of researchers at Kyoto University found that predatory mites avoid laying eggs on plant leaves bearing traces of caterpillars. Additionally, they discovered that even when predators are unlikely to encounter caterpillars, they still avoid their traces.

Unlocking the power of industrial waste heat: new dynamic model optimizes "carnot batteries" for green energy storage

Researchers developed a quasi-dynamic mathematical model to optimize Thermally Integrated Carnot Batteries (TI-CB) under fluctuating conditions typical of factory environments. The study yielded crucial insights, including a clear roadmap for handling off-design fluctuations, bringing Carnot batteries closer to widespread deployment.

Age at first ADHD diagnosis and educational outcomes

A cohort study found that individuals diagnosed with ADHD at a younger age tended to perform better academically, receiving more education and experiencing lower dropout rates compared to those diagnosed closer to age 16. This suggests that targeted support for early diagnoses could help prevent school dropout.

Bio-inspired structural design improves impact resistance and energy absorption

Researchers developed a lightweight lattice structure inspired by butterfly wings, exhibiting enhanced mechanical strength, impact resistance, and energy absorption capabilities. The new design outperforms conventional lattice designs under compression and dynamic impact loading.

EMBARGOED: Cancer risk is significantly higher for adults who never married, large study finds

A large U.S. study found that adults who never married have substantially higher rates of developing cancer compared to those who are or have been married. The association is strongest for cancers related to infection, smoking, and alcohol use, with women facing a significantly higher risk than men.

ASH and ISTH publish new clinical practice guidelines on anticoagulant prophylaxis in pediatric patients at risk of blood clots

The American Society of Hematology and the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis have released comprehensive guidelines for anticoagulant prophylaxis in non-cardiac pediatric patients at risk of venous thromboembolism. The guidelines outline best practices for preventing life-threatening complications in children.

RST2G: residual-guided spatiotemporal transformer graph fusion enhancement for breast cancer segmentation in DCE-MRI

RST2G automates tumor segmentation, reducing radiologist workload and improving accuracy. It captures complex tumor morphologies and boundaries, outperforming traditional methods in visual assessments.

Triple threat as sharks, beach nourishment and murky waters collide

Researchers tracked the impact of beach nourishment on nearshore conditions and marine life, finding that prolonged turbidity can interfere with blacktip shark hunting and increase accidental encounters. The study highlights a delicate balance between coastal engineering projects and marine ecosystem protection.

Leading cardiovascular organizations unite for joint scientific sessions, highlighting the latest advancements in cardiology internationally

The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions and Canadian Association of Interventional Cardiology will host a joint conference featuring the latest clinical data, procedural guidance, and advanced expertise. The event aims to empower clinicians with rigorous data, practical education, and leadership development.

Unions play key role in keeping direct care workers in the workforce

A UCLA-led study found that unionization leads to lower turnover rates among direct care workers, with significant benefits including improved care quality and reduced stress. Unionization applies to both for-profit and non-profit organizations, suggesting its potential to save the healthcare system $1.5 billion a year in turnover costs.

Heat from traffic is contributing to rise in city temperatures, new study finds

A new study by the University of Manchester has developed a way to measure the impact of urban traffic on city temperatures, revealing that everyday vehicle use can raise temperatures in cities. The researchers found that traffic heat increases simulated air temperatures by around 0.16°C during summer and 0.35°C in winter.

AAAS expands DataSeer partnership to automate research reporting for Science

The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and DataSeer are collaborating on a six-month pilot to automate MDAR checklists for manuscripts submitted to Science using AI technology. The partnership aims to improve research quality, reproducibility, and editorial efficiency by reducing manual effort.

Maternal psychological anxiety could harm a developing fetus

Researchers found that maternal anxiety about radiation exposure during the Fukushima nuclear accident was linked to increased rates of preterm births, lower birth weights, and severe birth outcomes. Socioeconomic factors, such as education level and income, played a role in mitigating these effects.

Antibody drugs with strong immune cell binding linked to allergic reactions

Researchers from Chiba University found that antibody therapeutics with stronger Fcγ receptor binding are more likely to be recognized as foreign and associated with higher anaphylaxis risk. High affinities for Fcγ receptors critical determinants of anaphylaxis, study suggests.

Antidepressant unable to prevent chemotherapy-associated nerve damage

A randomized trial found that duloxetine does not prevent painful neuropathy caused by oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer. The study suggests that duloxetine should only be used for managing existing neuropathy, not prevention.

Why doesn’t the US recycle more plastic? New study points to lack of access

A new study by the University at Buffalo reveals that unequal access to recycling facilities plays a key role in shaping plastic waste management practices in the US. Wealthier and more college-educated communities are more likely to have convenient access to large-scale industrial recycling facilities, making recycling easier and more...

New sequencing method exposes hidden gaps in immune signaling

Researchers have developed a new single-cell technology called CIPHER-seq that captures the timing of cytokine activity with greater accuracy. This allows for a clearer view of immune cell behavior and strengthens the foundation for understanding cancer, inflammation, and treatment resistance.

Some common IBS treatments linked to higher risk of death

A large study led by Cedars-Sinai Health Sciences University found that long-term use of antidepressants and some antidiarrheal medications may be associated with a higher risk of death. The study analyzed nearly two decades of electronic health records from over 650,000 US adults with IBS.

Scientists launch open-access framework to rapidly evaluate next-generation climate models ahead of IPCC AR7

A new open-access framework, Rapid Evaluation Framework (REF), allows researchers to compare model outputs with real-world observations, providing immediate insight into model performance. The REF accelerates climate model evaluation, making it possible for policymakers and communities to respond quickly to future climate change.

Can gluten pass through a kiss? New data are reassuring

Researchers studied 10 couples, finding that the risk of gluten transfer through an open-mouth kiss is low and can be reduced to safe levels by waiting or drinking water after consuming gluten. This study aims to alleviate anxiety and social avoidance among those with celiac disease.

Can optimism protect against dementia?

A recent study published in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that individuals with higher optimism have a lower risk of developing dementia. After analyzing data from the Health and Retirement Study, researchers discovered a 15% lower risk associated with a one-standard-deviation increase in optimism.

Does atmospheric dust give plants nutrients through their leaves?

Research in New Phytologist reveals that plants can obtain essential nutrients like phosphorus and iron from atmospheric dust settling on their leaves. In a Mediterranean field study, dust application increased plant macronutrient and micronutrient concentrations through mildly acidic leaves.

Can long-term care insurance provide end-of-life cost and health benefits?

Public long-term care insurance in China's pilot program cuts catastrophic health spending by up to 52%, shifting care away from costly medical interventions. This model offers a powerful alternative for value-based end-of-life care.

Are stress hormone levels elevated in double-shift workers?

A study of 52 female nurses found a two-fold increase in salivary cortisol levels at midnight for those working double shifts compared to single shift workers. This suggests that extended shift schedules are associated with alterations in the circadian pattern of cortisol, reflecting increased physiological strain.

XPANCEO develops high-precision passive eye-tracking technology for smart contact lenses

The new pattern-based technology offers two key advantages: simplified setup eliminates infrared illumination and enables universal deployment across multiple contexts. This system enables real-time detection of subtle eye movements in clinical applications, including neurological conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.

Young forest owners in Finland find themselves having to compromise their values

A recent study by the University of Eastern Finland found that young translocal forest owners in Finland often compromise on their values due to financial incentives and limited information on alternative methods. Sentimental value was identified as a key factor, with forests holding emotional significance for many owners.

Effects of climate change persist even in great-great-grandchildren

Researchers found that changes in animal development due to climate shock persist even after three generations, leading to increased stress and adaptation. The study suggests that climate change can accelerate evolution by affecting gene expression and development time.

KRICT develops a facile and scalable route for high-performance Ag2Se thermoelectrics

Researchers at KRICT developed a facile and scalable route for high-performance Ag2Se thermoelectrics, achieving a thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) of 0.927 at 120°C. The optimized material exhibited more than twofold improvements in compressive strength and Young’s modulus, enabling robust mechanical performance.

Orange County voters sour on Trump and Newsom

The UCI-OC Poll reveals nearly two-thirds of Orange County residents view Trump negatively, while Newsom fares only marginally better. A surge in independent support suggests a broader mood of pessimism and uncertainty, with voters hesitant to settle on their choices.