A framework for human brain–computer interfaces with single-neuron recordings

This review describes human single-neuron recordings and new evidence of concept cells from Ruijin Hospital, and proposes a framework to apply these recordings for closed-loop single-neuron brain‒computer interfaces. This review present single-unit data from four patients at Ruijin Hospital and describe the procedures for paradigm design, spike detection and sorting, as well as neuronal response identification, and discuss this within the framework of current BCI clinical applications. By integrating clinical advances with single-neuron recording, Authors outline two closed-loop strategies: (1) adaptive neural feedback systems that facilitates new studies with human single neuron recordings and particularly with concept cells and (2) adaptive neuromodulation systems that adjust stimulation parameters on the basis of single-neuron responses to study memory processing.

LabMed Discovery

10.1016/j.lmd.2026.100118

News article

A framework for human brain–computer interfaces with single-neuron recordings

31-Mar-2026