Articles tagged with Microbial Infections
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Patients with inflammatory bowel disease exhibit highly fluctuating gut microbiomes, unlike healthy individuals, who display more consistent microbial communities over time. The research highlights the dynamic nature of IBD and its relationship to the human gut microbiome.
A new computational method, FishTaco, integrates taxonomic and functional approaches to identify bacterial species responsible for functional imbalances in the microbiome. Researchers found that diverse combinations of species drive functional imbalances in diseases like type 2 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease.
A study found that gut microbes exacerbate motor symptoms in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease, but antibiotic treatment and germ-free environments reduced motor deficits. The research could lead to new treatments for the neurodegenerative disease.
Researchers at Caltech discovered a novel link between the gut microbiome and Parkinson's disease, finding that gut bacteria promote hallmark pathology, neuroinflammation, and motor dysfunction. The study suggests targeting the gut microbiome may provide a new approach for diagnosing and treating PD.
Researchers at New York University discovered that ATM keypads harbor a range of human skin microbes, as well as microorganisms from food and environmental sources. The study's findings suggest that ATMs can serve as a repository for understanding a city's microbial community.
Research by Dr. Przemyslaw Sapieha and colleagues suggests that a diet rich in fat can alter the gut microbiome, leading to inflammation and increased risk of wet AMD, a blinding form of age-related macular degeneration. The study provides new insights into the role of gut microbes in disease prevention.
A recent study links a disease-associated microbial state to increased risk of developing IBD in genetically- and environmentally-susceptible individuals. Another study found that exposure to high altitude conditions triggers local acid sensing pathways leading to disease progression in IBD patients. Meanwhile, research highlights the ...
Researchers analyzed fecal samples from dogs with and without IBD, discovering a pattern of microbes indicative of the disease. The team used 16S rRNA sequencing to predict IBD diagnosis in dogs with high accuracy.
A study by researchers at UC San Francisco found that a particular pattern of microbes in newborns' guts triples their risk of developing asthma by age four. The abnormal gut microbiome produces molecules that reduce the abundance of key immune cells, leading to a hyperactive immune system and chronic inflammation.
A study reveals that nicotine triggers the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which can harm tissue and contribute to conditions like COPD. The discovery provides a new link between nicotine consumption and inflammation, emphasizing the importance of quitting tobacco products.
A new video game, Colony B, helps scientists analyze how microbes relate to lifestyle habits and health. The game correlates player data with survey information from the American Gut project, revealing potential links between microbial composition and human health.
Researchers have discovered two distinct growth forms of Candida auris, a fungus resistant to multiple antifungal drugs, which can cause fatal infections in hospital patients. The strain's ability to cause disease is surprisingly high, rivaling that of the most invasive Candida species.
The study found a small number of species associated with periodontitis, but not gingivitis, including Prevotella, Treponema, and Selemonas. This research may lead to an inexpensive and rapid point-of-care test based on distinguishing the two conditions' microbiomes.
A recent Cornell University study suggests that circulating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) may be a biomarker of differences in the gut microbiome rather than a cause of heart disease. Researchers found that healthy men with elevated TMAO levels after consuming eggs and beef also had high counts of firmicutes, a type of bacteria that co...
Researchers found that infants' airways are colonized with bacteria or bacterial DNA at birth, which could predict severe lung disease. The 'healthy' pattern of colonization seen in BPD-resistant infants is protective, with increased abundance of Lactobacillus.
Researchers found that tomatoes can detect a parasitic vine's peptide, triggering an immune response and increased resistance. This discovery could lead to new strategies for mitigating crop losses caused by parasitic plants worldwide.
A new study by University of Maryland School Medicine researchers has identified key aspects of the Mucorales fungi that may lead to treatment development. The fungus invades weakened immune systems, causing sometimes-deadly mucormycosis infections.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital found altered gut microorganisms in patients with multiple sclerosis, including those treated with therapy. These changes correlated with immune system gene activity and breath methane levels. The study supports the connection between gut microbiome and immunological disorders like MS.
A new study from UTSA professor Mark Eppinger describes innovative strategies to track disease-causing pathogens like E. coli, featuring whole genome sequence typing of outbreak strains. By analyzing subtle traits among outbreaks, researchers can pinpoint the origin and severity of an outbreak.
Researchers have discovered that a variety of normally harmless bacteria can cause bleaching disease in seaweeds when stressed. Three new pathogens from the Alteromonas, Aquimarina and Agarivorans genera were identified as the culprits.
A study published in mSystems journal found that Boston's subway system is heavily colonized by microbes from human skin, with surface type being the major driver of variation. The majority of microbes found were from normal human skin and were harmless, but some samples showed low levels of gut and oral microbes.
Researchers at Cornell University have identified biological markers of chronic fatigue syndrome in gut bacteria and inflammatory microbial agents in the blood. This breakthrough discovery offers a new approach to diagnosing ME/CFS through stool samples and blood work.
Researchers are studying how microbes control ant behaviors using $2.56 million in grants from the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation. The goal is to understand the complex collective behavior of fungi, which can precisely control their hosts' actions.
A new study examines the role of diet in promoting cooperation or conflict between gut microbes and human cells. The research proposes a framework for understanding the subtle interplay of diet and health, with potential implications for the management of inflammatory and metabolic disease.
Research found that crows on a university campus carried high rates of Campylobacter jejuni, suggesting they could play a role in transmitting the bacteria to humans. The study tracked crow movements and behavior, revealing that their foraging habits often bring them into close proximity with livestock and humans.
A recent study reveals differences in gut bacteria between children with and without multiple sclerosis. Key findings include an association between MS and increased inflammatory bacteria, as well as decreased anti-inflammatory bacteria. The discovery may pave the way for new therapeutic approaches by identifying novel drug targets.
Recent CMGH articles suggest that targeting gut microbial populations may help prevent or treat Crohn's disease. A new study also identifies a potential therapy for chronic pancreatitis by reducing fibrosis and damage to the pancreas.
A new study tracks bacteria strains in stool transplants, suggesting donor-patient compatibility is crucial for success. The research could improve treatment options for conditions like ulcerative colitis and metabolic syndrome.
The pandemic E. coli strain H30 causes persistent and deadly infections, often undetected until severe complications arise. Researchers found that patients with underlying conditions and those in healthcare facilities are at higher risk for infection.
Researchers discovered that neutrophils can internalize C. neoformans in the brain vasculature and circulate them back into the bloodstream for removal. This process enables the prevention of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, a deadly brain infection.
Researchers found that sub-clinical gut microbiota imbalances occur before T2D symptoms develop, suggesting a potential new way to diagnose the condition early. The study's findings also highlighted the importance of tracking changes in gut microbiota over time and across different stages of disease development.
Researchers found that mice and humans produce microRNAs to control bacterial gene activity and shape the gut microbiome. These microRNAs can protect against intestinal diseases by regulating the composition of gut microbes.
A £2M BBSRC-Newton Fund project aims to develop and apply new molecular biology techniques to reduce the impact of major aquaculture diseases. The project will help early warning systems for disease outbreaks in low-income countries, improving the livelihoods of small-scale farmers.
Activated dendritic cells use phagocytosis to process and present antigens, promoting immune responses. Researchers discovered that a delay in lysosome fusion after phagocytosis prevents excessive antigen degradation and promotes cross-presentation.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that habitat characteristics explain differences in immune defense traits of frogs between populations. Microbiome differences and altered natural peptide secretions may alter the amphibian's immune defense capabilities. The study suggests that land use changes can influence animal t...
Scientists have developed a human-gut-on-a-chip model that allows them to analyze the interactions between normal gut microbes and pathogenic bacteria, providing new insights into inflammatory bowel diseases. The technology has revealed four small proteins that stimulate inflammation, opening up a potential therapeutic pathway for trea...
A study found that coconut oil consumption reduced gastrointestinal colonization by C. albicans in mice, suggesting a potential way to prevent invasive infections. The researchers plan to launch a clinical trial testing coconut oil in hospitalized infants at high-risk for developing systemic candidiasis.
A team of chemists led by Yan-Yeung Luk has created synthetic disaccharide derivatives (DSDs) that mimic and dominate the functions of rhamnolipid molecules produced by bacteria. The new molecules have been shown to control various activities, including biofilm formation and bacterial adhesion.
Researchers discovered that a minority population of right bacteria can regulate a balanced environment in the intestines. They found that low-abundant bacterial species secreted molecules that dampened the immune response to the community, paving the way for predicting and preventing disease.
A recent study found that diet-based and anti-inflammatory therapies alter different components of the microbial community without fully restoring the normal balance of gut bacteria and fungi in children with Crohn's disease. The treatment did not restore the normal balance of gut microbes, despite reducing inflammation.
Researchers from UNC and NC State create fully functioning human gut models on a chip, using primary cells derived from human biopsies and sophisticated architecture to mimic the gut's structure and function. This breakthrough enables personalized exploration of gut behavior during healthy and diseased states.
Researchers found that patients with lower baseline microbial diversity are more likely to develop infections during chemotherapy. Monitoring the microbiome could help doctors predict infection risk and reduce antibiotic overuse.
A new comprehensive guide, MAGIC, offers a framework for clinicians to pick the right device for each adult patient, reducing complications and improving safety. The guide provides color-coded charts and algorithms to indicate appropriate or inappropriate use of IV devices.
A newly identified and highly infectious tadpole disease has been discovered in diverse frog populations across the globe. The study reveals a previously unidentified microbial group that infects tadpole livers, contributing to the decline of amphibian populations.
Research suggests that a lack of dietary diversity contributes to health issues like obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Diversifying the diet can optimize the gut microbiome, which plays a key role in metabolic and GI regulatory systems.
Researchers found a rare genetic variant in the A2ML1 gene associated with an increased risk of middle ear infections. The study, led by Dr. Regie Santos-Cortez, identified the variant in 37 Filipinos and two European-Americans with otitis media, suggesting it may be the result of a founder effect from Spain.
The Plant & Microbial Genomics Group at TGAC has been awarded £100k to investigate the sources of sugar beet infection by Erysiphe betae. The research aims to design genetic markers for a rapid detection technology and develop diagnostic tests to inform disease management strategy.
A study in a California grassland reveals fundamental principles underlying disease dynamics, predicting pathogen spillover based on species relatedness. The results show that closely related species are more vulnerable to disease, while introducing rare species can create openings for less common species.
Researchers propose two novel gas-sensing systems to measure intestinal gases, which may contribute to gastrointestinal diseases. These non-invasive methods could provide medical devices that reduce medical costs and improve healthcare system efficiency.
A new study from Florida Institute of Technology finds that ocean warming has played a significant role in the decline of iconic elkhorn and staghorn corals. The research suggests that curbing greenhouse gas emissions could support the recovery of these critical reef-building corals.
Scientists at EMBL and Heidelberg University Clinic have discovered a new way to starve pathogens of iron, using the immune system's TLR2 and TLR6 molecules. This finding offers an alternative approach to treatments for anaemia of chronic disease, which affects chronically ill patients.
A large-scale analysis of the gut microbiome has identified significant variations in gene copy numbers across different strains of the same microbe species. These strain-level variations can affect the microbes' capabilities, lifestyle, and impact on human health, including obesity and inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers discuss the role of Malassezia yeasts as pathogens, highlighting common skin diseases such as dandruff and atopic eczema. The study also explores the potential link between Malassezia and skin cancer, as well as bloodstream infections in vulnerable populations.
Researchers investigate whether human microbiome has played a role in shaping human population structure, particularly lifespan. Their findings suggest that microbes like H. pylori may have evolved to target the aging process, benefiting the species at individual cost.
Researchers used mathematical modeling to show that commensal bacteria played a key role in stabilizing early human populations. The study found that these beneficial microbes helped keep the community healthy until reproductive age, but their impact became detrimental with increased longevity.
Researchers developed a non-invasive method to detect Aspergillus fumigatus and other fungi causing pneumonia by analyzing patients' breath samples. The test identified 94% of patients with invasive aspergillosis, making it a potential tool for earlier and more targeted treatment.
Sick mice produce specialized sugars to feed their gut microbiota and resist infection. Healthy recovery requires both L-fucose production and intact gut microbiota. The study suggests a potential role for L-fucose in preventing or tolerating Crohn's disease.
A GW researcher has received a grant to develop genetic tools to study parasitic nematode (PN) infections, which affect one-third of all deaths worldwide. The goal is to better understand the infective process and host immune response.
Researchers used shotgun metagenomics to sequence DNA from a calcified nodule in a 700-year-old skeleton, recovering the genome of Brucella melitensis, a disease causing fevers and arthritis. The ancient strain was closely related to recent strains found in Italy, providing insights into medieval infections.
Researchers at USC's Keck School of Medicine have identified a key component of the immune system that is essential for preventing deadly inflammation. Mice lacking this component are completely resistant to sepsis, a potentially fatal complication of infection.