Articles tagged with Obesity
Researchers discovered a significant link between obesity and periodontal disease among individuals aged 18-34 years. The association was found to be 76% higher than normal weight individuals in this age group.
Researchers have developed genetically modified fat that protects mice from obesity and insulin resistance by increasing adiponectin production. The study suggests that knocking out the Dgat1 gene perturbs the metabolic function of fat tissue, leading to increased energy expenditure and improved insulin sensitivity.
Research at Duke University Medical Center shows that physical inactivity leads to a significant increase in visceral fat, while high amounts of exercise can lead to significant decreases. The study also found that lower amounts of exercise prevented the accumulation of visceral fat but did not lead to improvements.
In a six-month clinical trial, participants on a low-carbohydrate diet lost an average of 13 pounds and reduced triglyceride levels by 20%, compared to 4 pounds and 4% for the low-fat group. Insulin sensitivity improved in non-diabetic participants and blood sugar levels decreased in diabetic patients on the low-carbohydrate diet.
A five-year initiative aims to change primary care practice in Canada by focusing on physical activity, rather than diet. The PROACTIVE study will examine the effectiveness of a behavioral-based program to increase physical activity and reduce obesity.
Researchers found that interventional procedures can effectively relieve symptoms and allow time for optimization before repeat surgery. The procedures are less invasive and better tolerated than repeat surgery, with shorter hospital stays.
Studies suggest atypical antipsychotics like Clozaril and Seroquel may have a protective effect against diabetes in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Researchers recommend routine screening for diabetes, hypertension, and obesity in mentally ill patients.
A University of Pittsburgh study examines the effects of gastric bypass surgery on type 2 diabetes in 1,150 patients over a five-year period. The results show that diabetes resolves after an average of 62 days following surgery, with patients experiencing significant weight loss and improvement in glucose levels.
The PREMIER study found that an all-in-one approach to lifestyle changes, including diet and physical activity, significantly lowered blood pressure in participants. The study showed that those who made the greatest lifestyle changes had the best results, with significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
A study published in Cell identified the function of PPARd, a key receptor that regulates how fat is used. The receptor was found to regulate adaptive thermogenesis, a physiological defense against obesity.
A Penn State study found that larger restaurant portions increase calorie intake, regardless of whether consumers eat all or most of the food. In a related two-day study, participants who received more food consumed more calories, even if they had eaten less the previous day.
A Saint Louis University study found that fat mice get fatter as they age due to a blood-brain barrier defect, while skinny ones remain the same. The researchers propose identifying substances that impair leptin transport to develop new obesity treatments.
Researchers studied nondiabetic adults with a family history of diabetes and found they were 1.4 times more likely to develop coronary artery disease. Obese individuals were also at higher risk, defined by a body-mass index greater than 30, with a 2.2 times increased risk compared to normal weight individuals.
Researchers found that obese baboons had normal leptin levels, indicating that high cholesterol and obesity are triggered by different mechanisms. The study's findings suggest that humans can get away with indulging in unhealthy habits without suffering severe health consequences.
A recent study published by the American Heart Association found that eating fast food meals more than twice a week was associated with double the risk of abnormal glucose control and a 50% increase in obesity risk. Additionally, frequent TV viewing habits were linked to increased odds of obesity and abnormal glucose metabolism.
Research finds that eating breakfast daily lowers rates of obesity and insulin resistance syndrome, a key factor in type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Whole-grain cereals also appear to have protective effects, with daily consumption associated with a 15% reduced risk of the syndrome.
A new study links overweight individuals to poor community environments with crime and safety concerns. Missouri residents who perceived their neighborhoods as unsafe were more likely to be overweight.
According to a recent study, 20% of Los Angeles County public school children are overweight, with Latino children facing the highest prevalence rate. The data also shows that boys are more likely to be overweight than girls, with over 23% of 5th graders and 19% of 7th graders meeting this criteria.
Researchers found the prevalence of overweight among Los Angeles County school children to be 20.6 percent, with higher rates among boys and Latinos. An email-based program for nutrition intervention was also shown to be effective in changing dietary behavior, with over 50% of participants reporting success.
Agricultural surpluses and tariffs imposed by wealthy nations deny developing countries the opportunity to produce more food and lift people out of poverty. The solution lies in investing in rural infrastructure, technology, and market structure to increase productivity and reduce hunger.
A Pittsburgh study found that even among those with normal weight, excess fat distribution in the body increases insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes risk. The study of elderly men and women with normal glucose tolerance showed that two-thirds of those with type 2 diabetes were not obese.
A new study suggests that middle-aged mice burn fewer calories during exercise, contributing to weight gain. The researchers identified the serotonin 5-HT(2c) receptor as a potential target for therapy.
Researchers estimate that 90% of the population is gaining up to 50 extra calories a day, which can be addressed by taking an extra mile of walking each day. Closing the energy gap will also require a fundamental change in how people think about physical fitness.
Researchers have identified several genes necessary for fat accumulation in nematode worms, which are also present in humans. These findings provide a crucial platform to rapidly identify key proteins regulating fat formation, potentially leading to new therapies for obesity and diabetes.
A new study by Dee W. Edington, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan found that individuals with obesity incur significantly higher medical costs than those with normal weight, with average annual costs rising from $2,225 to $3,753 for obese individuals. The economic burden of obesity is estimated to be substantial, with conservative e...
A study of over 3,357 people found that excess weight can cut years off a person's life, with smokers losing up to seven years. Meanwhile, hormone therapy was shown to lower the risk of diabetes in postmenopausal women by 35%.
A UMass scientist has identified a gene, Nhlh2, that regulates body weight, physical activity levels, and sex behaviors in mice. The knockout mice are severely obese and exhibit reduced physical activity, illustrating the critical role of the gene in regulating appetite and exercise.
A study of Puerto Rican men found that small amounts of physical activity significantly protected against mortality, while moderate or intense exercise provided little additional benefit. Physical inactivity was a stronger predictor of death than being overweight or obese.
A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that larger portion sizes result in consuming 30% more calories, regardless of individual eating habits. This suggests that portion control is crucial for weight management and suggests alternatives like low-calorie vegetables and broth-based soups.
A study of 51 participants found that serving food on an individual plate with varying portion sizes led to less eating than when participants served themselves. The authors suggest developing strategies to limit portion sizes in restaurants and at home to combat the national obesity epidemic.
A 12-week aggressive exercise program showed high adherence rates among low-income, inner-city participants with disabilities. Participants experienced improved cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, and flexibility despite chronic health conditions.
Studies suggest that moderate dietary restriction, exercise, and healthy diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids can delay breast cancer growth and reduce risk. Calorie restriction is effective in both spontaneous and chemically induced rodent tumor models, but may have adverse effects on bone density.
The new recommendations aim to lower average systolic blood pressure among Americans by 5 mmHg, resulting in a 14% drop in stroke deaths and 7% overall mortality. Proven behavioral changes such as regular physical activity, weight loss, and dietary potassium intake can also significantly lower blood pressure.
A study by Dr. Ninh T. Nguyen found that surgeons with over 75 procedures performed laparoscopic gastric bypass had fewer complications, shorter hospital stays, and reduced operative times. Patients who were male or older were more susceptible to postoperative problems.
A recent study found that only a quarter of patients receive nutrition counseling during doctor visits, falling short of national nutritional objectives. Physicians can be trained to offer tailored nutrition messages, but more in-depth counseling is needed for optimal patient outcomes.
In a 6-month study, black women experienced a 26% decrease in daily energy expenditure after weight loss, while white women saw a 16% increase. The authors conclude that black women's decline in physical activity increases their risk of weight relapse.
A 10-week study found that participants consuming artificial sweeteners lost an average of 1 kg, while those consuming sucrose gained 1.3 kg of fat mass and rose in blood pressure. The authors suggest overweight individuals consume beverages with artificial sweeteners to prevent weight gain.
A recent study reveals that nearly 25% of adults with disabilities are obese, compared to 15% without disabling conditions. Adults with lower limb mobility difficulties face the highest risk and often lack exercise counseling from their physicians.
A recent study has revealed a significant decrease in leisure-time physical activity among black girls (56%) and white girls (31%) aged 16-17. Lower parental education levels and higher body mass indexes were found to predict activity decline in both racial groups, while pregnancy was associated with activity declines only in black girls.
The XENDOS study found that 28.3% of obese individuals had undetected or untreated diabetes or pre-diabetes. Xenical-treated patients experienced significant weight loss and improved cardiovascular risk factors compared to lifestyle intervention alone.
The XENDOS study demonstrates that Xenical plus lifestyle intervention is more effective than lifestyle intervention alone in preventing or delaying the development of type 2 diabetes. Significant and sustained weight loss was achieved with Xenical, which also improved cardiovascular risk factors.
Consuming whole grains daily can lower incidence of type 2 diabetes, particularly in non-obese men. High fiber and magnesium content in whole grains slows glucose release and improves insulin response, leading to reduced risk.
Researchers found no association between obesity and better mental health, contradicting the 'jolly fat' hypothesis. The study examined eight indicators of mental health in 1,739 participants over a decade, suggesting further research on nutrition's impact on mental state.
Scientists have created mice that can eat rich, high-fat diets without accumulating fat or risking diabetes. The mice lack the SCD-1 gene, which produces an enzyme required for fat tissue production. Instead of storing excess fat, the mice metabolize it, increasing energy expenditure and oxygen consumption.
A study by researchers at the University of Southern California found that obesity and weight gain in Hispanic women are associated with a nearly two-fold increased risk of breast cancer. The risk was elevated regardless of menopausal status, and particularly among those who gained substantial weight after age 18.
Diet-induced thermogenesis is an intricate system of communications masterminded by the brain that produces heat and helps prevent obesity. By removing beta adrenergic receptors, researchers found that mice fed a high-fat diet grew massively obese, highlighting the importance of this pathway in preventing weight gain.
A study found that high whole-grain consumption was associated with lower rates of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Participants who consumed more whole grains had healthier lifestyle habits, including a lower waist-to-hip ratio, less saturated fat, and more fruits and vegetables.
A study finds that a lack of physical activity disrupts normal homeostatic mechanisms, leading to an increased risk of chronic conditions. The research highlights the importance of physical activity in preventing common chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders.
A study found that over 90% of patients experienced significant improvement in GERD symptoms after gastric bypass surgery. Patients also saw a decrease in medication use, including proton pump inhibitors and histamine 2 blockers.
A brain-imaging study found that obese individuals have enhanced metabolic activity in specific regions involved in sensory processing of food. This suggests a heightened sensitivity to food palatability, potentially driving overeating in obese individuals.
Researchers found Xenical significantly improved HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Additionally, treatment with Xenical showed post-prandial glucose benefits and cost-effectiveness as an adjunctive therapy to oral anti-diabetic medications.
A US study found that 26% of men and 28% of women were obese by age 35-37, with black women and Hispanic men at higher risk. Obesity is linked to various health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, and stroke.
A 12-month study of 430 overweight men and women showed a significant weight loss of 11.6 kg with Xenical, with improvements in blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and waist circumference. The results demonstrate the efficacy of Xenical in a real-life clinical practice setting.
A study published in the journal Diabetes found that a ginseng berry extract completely normalized blood glucose levels, improved insulin sensitivity, lowered cholesterol levels, and decreased weight in diabetic mice. The extract also reduced appetite and increased activity levels in treated mice, leading to significant weight loss.
A recent study has found that low-calorie dieting raises ghrelin levels, while gastric bypass surgery sharply reduces them, making it a potential key to unlocking the secrets of successful weight loss. The research also suggests that this mechanism may be why gastric bypass surgery is often more effective than dieting.
A study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that obesity and smoking significantly increase asthma risk in adults. Women were 94% more likely than men to have asthma, while people in lower socioeconomic groups were 30% more likely to be affected.
Declining physical activity levels are strongly associated with increasing obesity rates. A 15-year study found that higher intensity physical activity was inversely related to obesity, suggesting a physically active lifestyle can help prevent weight gain.
A Virginia Tech study found that obesity, heavy alcohol consumption, and age are strongly associated with hypertension in both men and women over 40. Losing weight can reduce the risk of hypertension, particularly for African-American women, who are at a greater risk due to their body mass index and lifestyle factors.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force emphasizes the importance of personalized advice from doctors to motivate patients to change unhealthy behaviors. Effective methods include engaging patients in self-management practices and shared decision-making, prioritizing patient autonomy and choice.
A new study found that sedentary men with higher levels of abdominal visceral fat have lower cardiovagal baroreflex gain, increasing their risk of cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that weight loss may improve cardiovagal baroreflex gain and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.