Articles tagged with Sepsis
A large US hospital study found that hospitals providing more registered nurse hours of care can decrease mortality rates in Medicare patients with sepsis. The analysis of over 702,000 patients suggests a strong association between nurse staffing and patient outcomes.
Researchers developed a decision support program to reduce blood draws in pediatric intensive care units (PICU), leading to reduced antibiotic prescriptions without increasing sepsis risk. The program resulted in significant reductions in blood culture rates and unnecessary medication use.
A study published in Brain reveals a dedicated neural circuit responsible for post-sepsis anxiety and depression. The researchers identified a potential pharmacological treatment by silencing the amygdala circuit during sepsis, reducing the risk of developing anxiety disorders.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have identified two distinct subtypes of neutrophils, with one subtype being a drug target for treating inflammatory diseases. The discovery paves the way for more targeted therapies that address chronic inflammation without suppressing anti-infection functions.
Researchers have identified a new family of proteins in blood vessels that prevent fluid from entering the lungs, offering a potential new avenue for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome. Stimulating these bitter taste receptors has been shown to provide protection against fluid leak into the lung.
A new University of Kentucky study published in Science Signaling suggests that replenishing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol could be an effective treatment for sepsis. The research found that a synthetic form of HDL provided protection against sepsis in mice, increasing survival rates and improving kidney function.
Researchers discovered that pain neuron-derived peptide Reg3gamma suppresses microglial IDO1, a key enzyme of the kynurenine pathway, and enhances brain ATP production. This discovery provides novel insights into understanding tolerance to endotoxic death.
Research suggests that genetic material from E. coli bacteria in farm animals may contribute to the evolution of deadly pandemic strains. The study found that ColV plasmids in pigs, cattle, and chickens can increase the likelihood of antimicrobial resistance and extra-intestinal infections in humans.
A preclinical study identified a protein complex critical for regulating apoptosis and necroptosis. Inhibiting this complex may help prevent excessive cell death and tissue damage associated with heart attacks, autoimmune disorders, and COVID-19. Researchers believe that targeting the PPP1R3G/PP1γ pathway could lead to new treatments f...
A new study suggests that infusing healthy hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into mice with sepsis can improve bacterial clearance, reduce tissue damage, and prolong survival. The infusion also boosts immunomodulatory cells, which regulate immune responses and decrease inflammation.
Researchers found that infusing bone-marrow stem cells into mice with sepsis increased their survival by 50-60% and decreased inflammation. This treatment could offer an alternative to current granulocyte transfusions, which have limited benefits.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis had significantly higher post-ICU death rates and mortality at 30 days after ICU discharge compared to those with cirrhosis attributed to other causes. The study, which analyzed case files of 1,174 patients, suggests that early diagno...
A CHOP study found that infants born via uncomplicated cesarean delivery have a low risk of early-onset sepsis and should not receive antibiotics at birth. The study's findings could help clinicians tailor antibiotic use in newborns, reducing complications and unnecessary treatment.
Researchers found that inhibiting gasdermin D, a protein involved in septic patients' organ lesions, can prevent multiple-organ damage and improve prognosis. Disulfiram, a drug originally indicated for alcohol dependence, was shown to inhibit gasdermin D and reduce tissue injury.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have developed a new method for analyzing pyroptosis, a process of cell death previously thought to be irreversible. By using optogenetic gasdermin, they found that certain conditions can trigger pores to close within tens of seconds, suggesting the process dynamically self-regulates.
Researchers developed a new metal-organic framework treatment that effectively eliminates H2O2-secreting bacteria, alleviating pulmonary injury and preventing systemic sepsis. The treatment, nFMs@Amp, uses Fe3+-doped metal organic frameworks loaded with antibiotic ampicillin to target and kill the bacteria.
A retrospective analysis of anonymized health claims data reveals that three in four sepsis survivors experience post-sepsis morbidity, with over half of those under 40 developing new diagnoses. Average treatment costs for the first three years after discharge are €29,000.
Researchers developed an AI predictive algorithm called BiLSTM to improve sepsis predictions, reducing false positives and increasing accuracy. The study found that focusing on recent datapoints can increase predictive accuracy.
Researchers have found two genetic risk variants that may exacerbate the severity of sepsis and COVID-19 in African Americans, who carry nearly 40% of these variants. The study identifies potential pathways to reduce health disparities driven by these gene mutations.
A new register study at Umea University found that people with psychotic or bipolar disorders are significantly more likely to die from influenza, pneumonia, or sepsis. The proportion of deaths due to these conditions was sixfold in certain age groups, highlighting the need for preventive measures.
A recent study has discovered genetic markers associated with high levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the blood, a toxin linked to sepsis and cardiovascular diseases. The research also found a connection between LPS levels and blood coagulation disorders, such as thromboembolism and stroke.
Researchers found that only a quarter of patients were scheduled for primary care follow-up prior to discharge during the second wave, highlighting the need for improved healthcare system navigation. Outpatient care can help screen for physical and emotional impairments common among COVID and sepsis patients.
A team of scientists has identified molecular biomarkers associated with sepsis, which could be used to predict patient outcomes and guide treatment. The study found that changes in CD52 expression were linked to good outcomes, while S100A9 acted as a driver of fatal sepsis.
Researchers have developed a sophisticated new tool to detect and identify rare and unknown viruses and potentially deadly bacterial pathogens. The algorithm helps isolate DNA sequences shared among related organisms, enabling faster detection and identification of pathogens in clinical or wildlife settings.
A mechanical engineering faculty-researcher at RIT is developing a microfluidic device to improve the detection of drug-resistant bacteria in blood, which can cause severe infection and death. The goal is to detect these strains early, allowing for prompt treatment and recovery.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that the degree of platelet reduction is more strongly linked to mortality risk in sepsis than absolute platelet count. The researchers also discovered that a significant decrease in platelet count increases the risks of bleeding and thrombosis development.
Studies on mice and septic patients show that a specific B lymphocyte subpopulation produces large amounts of CD39, leading to increased adenosine levels and reduced macrophage activity. This results in heightened susceptibility to opportunistic infections, with survivors experiencing a sevenfold higher risk of severe infections.
A recent study reveals that protein HSP27 plays a crucial role in regulating blood vessel leakage, which is a hallmark of sepsis. By targeting HSP27, researchers hope to develop drugs that can stabilize blood vessel barriers and prevent fluid loss.
A new study found that an early warning system for sepsis improved patient outcomes by alerting healthcare providers to administer antibiotics sooner. The system, implemented in the emergency department, resulted in increased survival rates and reduced hospital stays for patients with sepsis.
Researchers review advancements in biosensing technologies for neonatal sepsis diagnosis, highlighting the need for faster and more accurate methods. Biosensors offer a promising solution, detecting multiple parameters simultaneously with high sensitivity and accuracy.
A new USC study found that males are more susceptible to sepsis due to high degranulation activity, while females exhibit more NETosis, which can contribute to autoimmune disorders. The study highlights the importance of considering sex and age as predictors for immune response in personalized medicine.
A recent study found that a widely used sepsis prediction model performs poorly, correctly identifying patients at risk of sepsis only 63% of the time. The tool was developed based on billing codes, which can be inaccurate, and sent alerts to nearly 1 in 5 patients without actual sepsis.
Researchers aim to identify adrenal insufficiency in sepsis patients before glucocorticoid therapy. The study's findings suggest that supplementing glucocorticoids may not be necessary or beneficial for all patients, potentially leading to improved patient outcomes.
A large study shows that infants infected with Group B strep are twice as likely to have neurodevelopmental impairments and need special education compared to uninfected children. The study also found significant long-term effects, including cognitive impairment and higher rates of hospitalization, in up to one in twenty survivors.
Researchers found that higher platelet counts linked to better outcomes for patients with staph sepsis, while repurposed drugs protect platelets and improve survival of septic mice. The study suggests that boosting the immune system by protecting platelets could reduce mortality in staph sepsis.
US and UK digital COVID-19 symptom checkers failed to identify severe COVID-19, bacterial pneumonia, and sepsis, often advising patients to stay home. The study suggests that these symptom checkers may delay treatment for serious illness and confer an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.
A multi-disciplinary team at Harvard's Wyss Institute developed an electrochemical diagnostic sensor platform for multiplexed detection of clinically relevant biomarkers in whole blood. The device accurately detects three different sepsis biomarkers simultaneously and has the potential to revolutionize point-of-care diagnostics.
A virtual post-sepsis recovery program developed by Atrium Health has shown promise in helping sepsis survivors and those who have recovered from COVID-19. The program, known as STAR, uses low-tech telehealth methods to provide best-practice care for high-risk patients.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that dexmedetomidine and propofol are equally effective and safe for light sedation in critically ill patients. The study, which enrolled 422 adults with sepsis, found similar patient outcomes between the two sedatives.
Galectin-1, a sugar-binding protein, may fuel inflammation and worsen sepsis in patients at risk. Researchers found elevated levels of galectin-1 in sepsis patients and suggest it as a potential biomarker for identifying those at risk.
A new study found that hospitals with better nurse-to-patient ratios had significantly lower sepsis death rates than those with higher ratios. Additionally, improved staffing resulted in cost savings through shorter hospital stays, which can be reinvested in improving nurse staffing.
A recent study published in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health found that Black children diagnosed with severe sepsis have a 20% greater odds of death compared to their White and Hispanic peers. Additionally, 'other' insurance status was associated with increased mortality, and Black and Hispanic children had longer hospital stays.
A new rapid diagnostic system for sepsis is being developed at Penn State and Stanford University, which can identify fungal and bacterial pathogens within two hours. The five-year grant will allow researchers to bypass current blood culture steps and directly test pathogen susceptibility to antibiotics.
Doxycycline, an antibiotic, confers protection against sepsis by inhibiting mitochondrial protein production, reducing cell damage and promoting tissue repair. The study opens new possibilities for therapies targeting disease tolerance mechanisms to combat infections and diseases like sepsis.
A recent study aims to elucidate the link between B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and severe sepsis. Researchers found that BNP is increased in heart cells under stress, leading to lower cardiac output and promoting hypotension in septic patients.
Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine discovered a molecule called Girdin (GIV) that acts as a brake on macrophages. The GIV-mimic peptide can shut down immune cells' overreaction, supporting a mechanism critical for survival in mouse models of sepsis and colitis.
A new online tool assesses risk factors for sepsis survivors to inform follow-up care pathways. The tool uses data from 120,000 patients and identifies eight key factors contributing to rehospitalization or death after discharge.
A systematic review of automated patient monitoring systems (PMSs) found that they can improve sepsis recognition and treatment in some studies, but the overall evidence is mixed. In total, 12 studies provided data on patient outcomes, with six showing reduced mortality rates.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School used acupuncture to regulate inflammatory responses and improve survival in mice with cytokine storm. The study found that site, intensity, and timing of treatment influenced the response.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that patients with frailty, older age, and urinary tract infections have a higher risk of developing sepsis. Antibiotic therapy may reduce this risk, but unnecessary prescribing can contribute to antimicrobial resistance.
Researchers suggest live attenuated vaccines like MMR can activate immune cells to combat sepsis and lung inflammation associated with COVID-19. A proposed preventive measure could offer a 'no harm, no foul' benefit for vaccinated adults if infected.
Researchers found that patients with sepsis had higher levels of GDF15 in their blood, which was correlated with mortality. In mice without the GDF15 gene, the absence of this hormone improved survival rates after bacterial infection.
Researchers are conducting three studies to investigate important COVID-19 questions, including a trial of annexin A5 as a potential therapy for critically ill patients. A novel blood test for COVID-19 is also being developed using epitopes.
A five-year study has identified the mechanism behind the BCG vaccine's unexpected protection against diseases other than TB in newborns. The researchers found that BCG triggers a rapid increase in neutrophils, white blood cells that fight invading pathogens.
Researchers developed a ground-breaking method to detect sepsis 2-3 days before clinical symptoms appear using endogenous signals (biomarkers). The test has high accuracy and may increase survival chances for sepsis patients. Approval in the US FDA is underway, with clinical trials starting soon.
Rates of E. coli-related sepsis vary greatly between UK NHS regions and are linked to the presence of pathogenic E. coli types in sewage. The study found higher prevalence of E. coli B2 types in South Wales, which correlates with higher sepsis rates.
Researchers have developed an antibody treatment that improves survival in rodent models of sepsis by targeting a protein called tetranectin. The therapy boosts survival even when started late after sepsis onset, suggesting its potential for treating severe bacterial infections and secondary sepsis in COVID-19 patients.
A study of 13,000 urgent GP referrals found that higher early warning scores are associated with quicker ambulance transfers and faster hospital reviews. Patients with the highest scores were nearly five times more likely to have sepsis and eight times more likely to die within two days of admission.
Researchers propose a new therapeutic modality for sepsis by targeting cell-free chromatin in healthy cells. The study found that three cfCh-inactivating agents improved parameters related to sepsis, including increased survival rates in mice.
Researchers have identified two crucial surface proteins, SpyAD and Isp2, that contribute to Group A streptococcus fitness in the female genital tract. This discovery may lead to the development of effective treatments and vaccines for puerperal sepsis.