Articles tagged with Swine Flu
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Researchers combined large datasets from Milwaukee and New York City to estimate swine flu severity, finding most deaths occur in non-elderly adults. The study suggests the autumn-winter pandemic wave should have a death toll only slightly higher than or lower than seasonal influenza.
Research from Johns Hopkins Children's Center found that children with sickle cell disease who contract H1N1 virus are three times more likely to develop acute chest syndrome and five times more likely to need ICU care. The study highlights the need for these children to be included in flu vaccination lists.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the genetic basis of sickle cell disease, exploring the potential of activating fetal hemoglobin to reduce complications. A new study found that activating BCL11A could lead to increased production of healthy hemoglobin, providing a promising avenue for treatment.
The study estimates that vaccination, social distancing and antivirals can blunt the impact of H1N1 influenza. The median incubation period was 4 days and symptoms lasted 7 days.
The article discusses the impact of the H1N1 pandemic on solid organ transplant patients and donors. Experts recommend testing for influenza-like illnesses, empiric antiviral therapy, and vaccination with at least one dose of H1N1 vaccine to prevent transmission and severe disease.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases commentary highlights the lack of understanding on influenza transmission and its impact on healthcare worker protection. The article emphasizes the importance of source control, personal protective equipment, and immune status in preventing H1N1 spread.
A new study found asthma to be a significant risk factor for severe disease in children with pandemic H1N1 compared to seasonal flu. Children with mild asthma also face risks and should be vaccinated for H1N1, according to researchers.
A new study found that healthy adults have a level of protective immune memory against the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus. This immunity can blunt the severity of infection and provide some protection. The findings may explain why younger children are more severely affected by the pandemic.
Researchers at the La Jolla Institute found that previous influenza infections can provide some level of immunity to the H1N1 'swine' flu. The study suggests that this pre-existing immunity may make the disease less severe in the general population, reducing its impact.
The study found major genetic differences between pandemic H1N1 and seasonal flu strains, potentially explaining why children are more susceptible. This difference in molecular makeup may contribute to the lower incidence of H1N1 in older adults due to pre-existing immunity.
The Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health recommends postponing Hajj participation for high-risk groups, including elderly and pregnant individuals. The plan aims to minimize disease transmission and ensure optimal provision of health services.
Researchers found that prone ventilation did not significantly improve mortality rates in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. A lack of funding and commercial interest hindered the development of definitive conclusions, leading Dr. Slutsky to call for large-scale clinical trials.
The UK research community has secured £7.5 million in funding to study the development and spread of pandemic influenza H1N1 2009. The projects aim to understand how the virus mutates, jumps species barriers, and causes disease in humans and pigs.
A study of Mexican swine flu cases reveals that young people are most likely to get infected, while the elderly have the highest mortality rates. The study also found that vaccination significantly lowers infection risk and prompt treatment is crucial for pregnant women.
A new study by University of Michigan researchers found that people with less education are more likely to get H1N1 and the flu vaccine may be less effective in them. The study suggests that lower socioeconomic status can make it harder for adults of all ages to fight off new infections.
The International Forum for Acute Care Trialists (InFACT) H1N1 Collaboration aims to develop coordinated, long-term approaches to treating severe H1N1 infection. Clinical trials will evaluate corticosteroids and statins as potential treatments for patients with severe H1N1 infection.
A majority of adults who tried to get the H1N1 vaccine for themselves or their children have been unable to do so. Despite this challenge, most (91%) who were unable to get the vaccine say they will try again this year.
Flocked swabs are found to be more effective than nasopharyngeal aspiration in detecting viruses, with a lower cost. Social media played a key role in disseminating news about the 2009 H1N1 flu outbreak, with 2.3 million searches for 'H1N1 flu' and 13.4 million for 'swine flu'
Research found that public sneezing triggers an increased fear of all health threats, even ones unrelated to germs. This phenomenon also influences policy preferences, shifting spending priorities towards flu vaccine production over green jobs.
Researchers emphasize the importance of considering background rates of adverse events in H1N1 vaccination campaigns to prevent public panic. The study highlights that these background rates can provide valuable information on expected number of events occurring in the absence of any vaccination program.
A controversial theory suggests that vaccinating children against seasonal flu could prevent the development of heterosubtypic immunity to pandemic strains. However, experts disagree, arguing that vaccination is a definite benefit for preventing seasonal flu infections. The debate highlights the need for more effective influenza vaccines.
A new swine flu test developed by TGen can quickly inform doctors about the strain of flu and whether it may be resistant to oseltamivir, a primary anti-viral drug. The test has been shown to be effective in detecting resistance to Tamiflu in H1N1 virus strains.
Researchers find that antioxidants can prevent the flu virus from damaging lung cells, opening the door for new treatments. The study identified a segment of the M2 protein responsible for the damage, which can be inhibited by drugs known to remove oxidants.
The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation issues an advisory for cardiopulmonary transplantation programs to address novel 2009 H1N1 influenza. The advisory provides guidelines for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of H1N1 flu in transplant recipients and donors.
A study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that CT scans are more effective than standard X-rays in detecting abnormalities in patients with the H1N1 virus. The extent of disease was better characterized on CT scans, making them a superior imaging modality for high-risk patients.
A recent large-scale swine flu outbreak at the US Air Force Academy provided valuable insights into the natural behavior of the nH1N1 virus, including shedding patterns. The study found that viable virus shedding occurred in about one quarter of confirmed patients and persisted even after symptom-free periods.
Rice University scientists win grant to investigate flu virus's complex replication process and develop more effective antiviral drugs. The research will focus on understanding the assembly of viral RNA segments into a viable package, which is crucial for the virus to reproduce.
The study emphasizes the role of population mobility in spreading drug-resistant diseases worldwide. Researchers propose a new approach that considers the 'human factor' in health policy and processes to combat this growing threat.
Researchers have found that severe H1N1 cases are associated with an increased risk of developing acute pulmonary embolism. A study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology used CT scans to identify patients at risk, highlighting the importance of monitoring for this serious complication.
A study found that stricter hand hygiene practices in schools are difficult to maintain over time. School children may be more susceptible to H1N1 influenza than adults, but hand hygiene is not an effective long-term solution.
The Government of Canada is supporting scientific research to deepen knowledge of the H1N1 flu virus. Five new projects, totaling $2.4 million over two years, will investigate how to manage health-care resources during a pandemic, impact on pregnant women, and development of new drug therapies.
Researchers have found that patients with severe cases of the H1N1 virus are at risk for developing severe complications, including pulmonary embolism. Imaging studies may need to be repeated in severely ill patients to monitor disease progression.
Researchers found molecular sites on the 2009 H1N1 virus that are also present in seasonal flu viruses, explaining why older adults may have some immunity to the new virus. This immunity may be due to cell-mediated responses triggered by cytotoxic T-cells.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has awarded a $15.7 million contract to develop an open-access national online database and analysis resource center for viral pathogens. The database will contain information on viruses such as herpes, hepatitis C, and smallpox, as well as newly emerging pathogenic viruses.
Researchers used medical imaging to identify a severe case of H1N1 after a negative nasal swab test. CT scans revealed peripheral ground-glass opacities, which raised suspicion of the virus and were later confirmed as a cause of death. The study suggests that early CT scans may help clinicians recognize cases of severe influenza.
A simulation model shows that early action and rapid vaccine rollout are extremely effective in reducing the attack rate of the H1N1 influenza virus. The model predicts that vaccination can have a disproportionately large impact on reducing infection rates, especially when implemented quickly.
A study published in JAMA found that critically ill patients with H1N1 were predominantly young adults with severely low oxygen levels, multi-system organ failure, and frequent need for mechanical ventilation. Most patients could be supported through critical illness with therapy.
A new report shows that doctors in Australia and New Zealand used ECMO to treat critically ill patients with H1N1, saving 54 out of 68 patients' lives. The study found that prolonged life support treatment was effective in severe cases, and survival rates were high despite the severity of symptoms.
The National Institutes of Health is launching a clinical trial to find the ideal dose of the 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine for individuals with severe asthma. The study aims to assess the immune response and safety of two different doses of the vaccine in participants with mild, moderate, or severe asthma.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is conducting clinical trials to test the safety and efficacy of the 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine in HIV-infected pregnant women and children, youth. The trials aim to determine whether higher doses of the vaccine can elicit a protective immune response in these populations.
A comprehensive study on H1N1 virus impact in Australia and New Zealand reveals 20% ICU bed occupancy during peak epidemic. The study shares critical illness patterns, including unexpected effects on middle-aged individuals and pregnant patients.
Researchers analyzed the clinical and cost-effectiveness of early H1N1 vaccination, finding that vaccinating 40% of the population in October or 35% in November could save costs and shorten the pandemic. Expanded vaccination and antiviral prophylaxis are also effective against avian flu, with a focus on mitigating the pandemic potentia...
A new study by Stanford University scientists found that starting a vaccination campaign a few weeks earlier could save almost 600 lives and over $150 million. Vaccinating sooner rather than later provides the best strategy to save lives and dollars in flu pandemics.
A survey of European and Malaysian people found that most believed they were at risk from swine flu due to age or weakened immunity. However, some groups such as homosexuals, prostitutes, and farmers were incorrectly perceived to be at high risk.
A survey found that only 40% of adults are confident in getting the H1N1 vaccine for themselves. Concerns about side effects, risk of illness, and vaccine safety top the list among those unsure or opposed to vaccination. The public's interest in the vaccine may increase if an outbreak becomes severe.
A new study suggests that high aspirin dosing levels during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic may have contributed to increased mortality. Autopsy reports from 1918 support this theory, as they show signs consistent with aspirin toxicity and viral causes of death.
A new study found that prenatal exposure to the H1N1 strain of influenza A during the 1918-1919 pandemic increased the chances of heart disease later in life, particularly in men. Men born during the height of the epidemic were 23.1% more likely to develop heart disease after age 60.
A fraction of potential vaccine supply will be ready for distribution by October, but generous pledges from nine countries and two manufacturers will help protect vulnerable populations. The H1N1 virus is expected to infect one-third of the world's population, highlighting the need for effective vaccination strategies.
A majority of Americans are unwilling to take an H1N1 flu vaccine or drug additive authorized for emergency use, citing concerns about safety and effectiveness. The survey found that nearly 30% of respondents remained undecided, while 70% of those who expressed worry would refuse the vaccine outright.
Researchers at Duke University have made significant progress in developing a portable, easy-to-use diagnostic device that can reveal who is infected with an upper respiratory virus before symptoms appear. The device uses advanced genomic and statistical tools to detect changes in gene expression, known as a 'signature' of infection.
Preliminary analysis of blood samples from trial participants suggests that the 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine generates an immune response that is expected to be protective against the virus in most children between 10-17 years old. Younger children had a less robust early response to the vaccine.
A systematic review of evidence found that flu can trigger heart attacks and cause cardiovascular death, but the influenza vaccine may reduce this risk. The review suggests that vaccination should be encouraged in people with existing cardiovascular disease, particularly during seasonal flu outbreaks.
A study published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society suggests that the 1918 El Niño may have contributed to the severity of the flu pandemic. The research indicates that the El Niño was one of the strongest of the 20th century, and its impact on global weather patterns could have exacerbated the spread of the disease.
The 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccines have demonstrated a strong immune response in most healthy adults when administered in a single dose, with robust protection observed in both younger and older adults. The early data from clinical trials indicate that the vaccines are well-tolerated.
Researchers found that pandemic H1N1 influenza binds weakly to receptors in the lungs compared to the upper respiratory tract. This may explain why people infected with the pandemic strain experience more severe symptoms. The study suggests monitoring changes in the virus's ability to infect cells to minimize its impact.
A 70% vaccination rate in the US population, targeting children and high-risk groups, could slow pandemic H1N1 spread. Vaccination is more effective than social distancing measures in controlling the epidemic.
A survey found that most businesses are unprepared to handle the impact of a widespread H1N1 outbreak, with only 27% believing they could maintain operations for two weeks with half their workforce absent. Only 35% offer paid leave for family members, and even fewer would allow time off if schools/daycares closed.
The NIAID is conducting a trial to test the safety and efficacy of a 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine in pregnant women. The trial aims to provide critical information for public health planning, as pregnant women are at higher risk of developing severe illness from the flu virus.
Scientists have identified powerful antiviral compounds in the roots of Ferula assa-foetida, a plant used during the Spanish influenza pandemic. The sesquiterpene coumarins found in the plant showed greater potency against H1N1 flu virus than a prescription antiviral drug.
Rice University bioengineer Michael Deem has developed a technique to predict the efficacy of H1N1 vaccines by estimating antigenic distance between flu strains. This method assigns a numerical value to the similarity between epitope regions, allowing researchers to refine cell-based approaches and shorten vaccine production time.