Research on antibodies and their uses. Covers engineered antitoxin antibodies, long-lasting immunity, monoclonal therapies, and antiviral T cells.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University provide a detailed overview of Zika's history, transmission modes, and risks, including sexual transmission and miscarriage risks. The study also highlights the connection between dengue virus infection and Zika virus exacerbation.
A new device uses a forest-like array of vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes to selectively trap viruses by size, increasing sensitivity by over 100 times. This technology can capture unknown viruses without antibodies or sequence information, enabling early detection and potential vaccine development.
Research on therapeutic antibodies for spinal cord injury reveals potential applications in myelin repair, neuroprotection, axon outgrowth, and anti-immune reaction. Several antibodies are reviewed as reagents to promote neurite outgrowth and inhibit immune responses.
Scientists have developed a two-pronged antibody that can counteract the unique immune-evasion mechanism of filoviruses like Ebola. The antibody, called a 'Trojan horse' antibody, targets the glycoprotein on the outside of the virus and prevents it from associating with a specific host-cell receptor in the endosome.
Developed by an antibody that blocks clot formation without triggering bleeding, the new blood thinner could be used to treat patients with heart and vascular diseases. Researchers also created a second antibody to rapidly reverse its effects, addressing safety concerns.
Activated B cells play a crucial role in the formation of immune memory, with some cells persisting for months after initial exposure. The study reveals that while plasmablasts dominate early responses to infections or vaccinations, activated B cells take center stage later on.
Researchers found that naturally infected chimpanzees developed antibodies able to neutralize multiple AAV serotypes, a hurdle for gene therapy. The study provides insights into the immune response to natural AAV infection and its implications for gene delivery strategies.
Two vaccine candidates have shown complete protection against the Zika virus in rhesus monkeys, with no adverse effects observed. The findings, published in the journal Science, provide a promising lead for developing a safe and effective human vaccine to combat this mosquito-borne disease.
Researchers found that adding anti-PCSK9 antibodies to existing treatments can significantly reduce LDL cholesterol levels in patients. The studies demonstrated a reduction in LDL cholesterol and achieved high response rates for both alirocumab and evolocumab.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have identified six antibodies capable of protecting against Zika virus infection in mice, providing crucial information on how these antibodies interact with the virus. The discovery could lead to the development of a vaccine, diagnostic tests, and potentially new therapies for Zika-related diseases.
Researchers tested serum antibodies from Ebola survivors and found substantial cross-reactivity with other filoviruses, suggesting long-lived immunity. The study's results indicate that antibody responses extend beyond the primary virus, imparting at least partial immunity to other filoviral infections.
A team of researchers has identified the mechanisms behind excessive antibody production in chronic infections, discovering a link between B-cell activation and type 1 interferons. Proteins like endosomal TLRs trigger proinflammatory responses, leading to increased B-cell antibody production and potentially exacerbating conditions.
Researchers at Osaka University identified a human immune receptor that detects pathogenic microorganism invasion, which recognizes cleaved antibodies and fights immune evasion mechanisms. This discovery contributes to the development of new treatments and prevention strategies against infectious diseases.
La Jolla Institute researchers reveal a powerful arm of the immune system that drives maturation of helper T cells. Their study identifies activin A as a key factor, which could lead to more potent vaccines and treatments for autoimmune diseases.
A study from Imperial College London found that previous exposure to the dengue virus may increase the potency of Zika infection, potentially leading to more severe symptoms. The research suggests that the Zika virus uses the body's own defences as a 'Trojan horse', allowing it to enter human cells undetected and replicate rapidly.
Researchers have discovered two antibodies that can efficiently neutralize both dengue and Zika viruses, sharing identical binding sites on their viral envelopes. This breakthrough could lead to the development of a single vaccine offering protection against both diseases.
Scientists at Helmholtz Zentrum München have developed a novel antibody targeting carbonic anhydrase XII, which is overexpressed in cancer cells, with the goal of improving treatment options for glioblastoma patients. The antibody conjugated with lutetium-177 can deliver lethal doses to tumor cells directly.
Researchers have developed a method using tiny alpaca-derived nanobodies to identify and target specific proteins involved in viral infections. By using these molecules to perturb cellular processes, scientists can tease apart the roles individual proteins play in disease, leading to potential new treatments for infectious diseases.
Researchers found that mosquito saliva increases endothelial permeability, enhances immune cell migration, and promotes the spread of dengue virus during antibody-dependent enhancement. This study suggests a critical role of mosquito saliva in exacerbating dengue disease severity.
Researchers developed Camelid antibodies against serine proteases to study catalysis and inhibition. These findings have significant implications for disease treatment and diagnosis involving these enzymes.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that patients with severe hemophilia A who received human plasma-based treatments developed inhibitors at a lower rate than those who received recombinant Factor VIII. This could lead to more effective treatment options for families affected by this rare genetic condition.
A study presented at EULAR 2016 found that patients with antibodies to biological infliximab are less likely to benefit from infliximab biosimilar (CT-P13). The presence of these anti-infliximab antibodies can lead to a loss of response and increased risk of side effects. The findings suggest that antibody-positive patients should not ...
Researchers found that DNASE1L3 prevents lupus by breaking down DNA, which triggers immune cells to produce antibodies that cause inflammation. A new mechanism for biologic therapies has been discovered.
Early findings suggest carfilzomib may provide improved reduction of antibodies in potential kidney transplant candidates with reduced side effects. The study's preliminary data show antibody reductions between 31 to 100 percent in the first group of six patients.
Researchers have developed a non-toxic transplantation procedure using antibodies to target blood stem cells, making it potentially safer and more effective than current methods. The new treatment removes nearly all blood stem cells, offering hope for patients with blood disorders like sickle cell anemia.
Researchers have discovered a new protein compound that binds to two HER2 receptors simultaneously, preventing growth signals and killing cancer cells. This innovative solution shows great promise in treating invasive breast cancer more effectively.
Researchers found that anti-DNA antibodies preferentially bind to damaged double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) over native DNA, contributing to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This study provides mechanistic insight into the formation and properties of pathogenic anti-DNA antibodies.
Scientists at Aarhus University used X-rays to study eculizumab's mechanism. They found the antibody creates a physical barrier preventing C5 cleaving enzymes from forming contacts.
Researchers at UC Berkeley discover that antibodies in mother's milk help promote a healthy balance between gut microbes and the mammalian host, preventing chronic inflammatory conditions. The study sheds light on how these antibodies interact with the newborn's immune system to establish lifelong immune responses.
A new study reveals that breast milk immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies play a critical role in helping newborn mice tolerate beneficial gut microbes. This finding challenges previous research suggesting IgA antibodies are primarily responsible for teaching the neonatal immune system to tolerate gut microbes.
A phase I trial of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine in Africa and Europe has shown promising results, with antibodies detectable after six months. The vaccine stimulates a strong immune response and appears to control virus replication.
Researchers found that morning flu vaccinations led to significantly larger increases in antibody concentration one month after vaccination, compared to afternoon vaccinations. The study suggests a potential strategy to improve vaccination efficiency without additional cost to the healthcare system.
A new study analyzing 5,000 stored blood samples found no increase in food-specific IgE antibodies between the 1980s and 2000s. The researchers suggest that growing awareness and diagnosis of food allergies among children may be contributing to the increasing prevalence of food allergies over the past few decades.
Research finds that infants develop strong antibody responses to RSV F and G proteins after infection, while adult immunity weakens over time. The study suggests that future vaccines should include G proteins to boost anti-G responses.
Researchers found that defects in LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) may contribute to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the most common form of lupus. LAP ensures proper digestion and disposal of dead cells, which was found to be impaired in SLE-prone mice.
A new study reveals an unconventional antibody that targets the patient's vascular response to sepsis, converting a harmful protein into a protective one. This approach stabilizes blood vessels, strengthens barrier function, and quells systemic inflammation, prolonging survival in mice with sepsis.
A study published in JAMA found that pembrolizumab, an antibody against PD-1, was associated with a 33% objective response rate and 23-month median overall survival in patients with advanced melanoma. The treatment also showed improved progression-free survival rates of 35% at 12 months and 52% at 12 months
A recent study by Duke-NUS Medical School scientists has revealed the Zika virus structure and identified potential sites to target with therapeutics. The findings suggest that destabilizing the virus's structure may help reduce disease severity or limit transmission.
The new study found that higher levels of antibody against neuraminidase protein were better predictors of protection against flu infection and its side effects. Participants with high levels of HA antibodies experienced lower incidence of mild-to-moderate influenza, but not necessarily less severe symptoms.
A preliminary clinical trial found that an experimental antibody treatment decreased the number of cancer stem cells driving tumor growth in nearly all patients with multiple myeloma. The treatment was tested in 15 newly diagnosed patients and showed promising results, with no serious adverse side effects.
Researchers identified a new hormone, asprosin, generated by fat, which instructs the liver to release glucose into the blood stream. This discovery could lead to a new treatment for type 2 diabetes through immunologic sequestration.
Scientists have found that the RGS1 gene affects the frequency of T follicular helper cells, which are important for B cell production and seem to be crucial for the disease. The study suggests that while inhibiting RGS1 did not prevent autoimmune diabetes, it changes the way cells move within lymph nodes and spleen.
A recent study found that HPV vaccination stimulates robust immune responses in girls and young women with chronic kidney disease and dialysis, but less optimal responses among those with a kidney transplant. This highlights the need for additional research to protect kidney transplant recipients from HPV infections.
Researchers are testing blood samples from patients with myasthenia gravis to determine the presence of two new antibodies, agrin and LRP4. The study aims to characterize their clinical symptoms and develop treatment strategies for double-negative patients.
Researchers developed a microneedle patch that delivers anti-PD-1 antibodies directly to the site of melanoma skin cancer, improving treatment effectiveness. The patch creates a sustained release of antibodies into the tumor microenvironment, achieving better retention and efficacy compared to traditional treatments.
Research shows that aging alters antibody responses to oral bacteria, with significant positive correlations observed across the population. Specifically, antibody levels to Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola increased with age, while those to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans did not.
EPFL scientists have created an implantable capsule that can deliver antibodies to target and clear amyloid beta protein plaques in the brain, potentially treating Alzheimer's disease. The device has been tested on mice with great success, reducing Abeta plaque load and phosphorylation of tau protein.
A new technique developed by Stanford chemists has shown promise to be thousands of times more sensitive than current techniques in lab experiments. The test uses DNA screening technology and could enable early detection of diseases such as cancer and HIV.
A recent NIH study found that antibodies derived from unconventional B cells in HIV-infected individuals with uncontrolled virus levels are less effective at neutralizing HIV. The study suggests that the abnormal distribution of B cell types contributes to the lack of effective immune response.
Researchers developed an antibody against KCNK9, a cellular gateway that suppresses lung tumor cell growth and breast cancer metastasis. The antibody reduced tumor growth by up to 70% and slowed metastases in mice.
Researchers found a promising single-dose dengue vaccine effective in preventing human volunteers from contracting the virus, protecting against infection. The study's findings could be the final piece in developing an effective vaccine against dengue, which infects nearly 400 million people annually.
Scientists have identified a new SARS-like virus, WIV1-CoV, that directly binds to the same human receptor as the SARS strain. The virus has the potential to infect humans without adaptation and replicate efficiently in human cells, raising concerns about a possible outbreak.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new genetic method that enables the recording of a vast range of antibodies in an individual with high precision. This breakthrough can be used for vaccine development and early disease detection, offering significant advantages over previous antibody detection techniques.
Researchers developed a new method called ADAP to detect antibodies in small blood samples, increasing sensitivity for early disease diagnosis. The approach could also be applied to saliva testing, offering a simpler and more accessible alternative to current methods.
Scientists at Yerkes National Primate Research Center have successfully tested an immunotherapy agent that can push SIV out of its hideouts in infected monkeys. The treatment, which combines PD-1 blockade with antiretroviral therapy, resulted in more rapid viral suppression and active antiviral T cells.
Researchers have isolated a collection of potent antibodies from an Ebola survivor that target the virus's glycoprotein stalk, providing significant post-exposure protection. These antibodies may lead to effective therapies to fight Ebola.
Researchers at University of Maryland School Medicine have developed a new treatment for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) that uses genetically modified cows to produce anti-MERS antibodies. The treatment has shown promising results in mouse models, with the potential to be effective in humans.
Researchers have developed a chimera design that allows antibodies to cross cell membranes, potentially reducing the need for invasive biopsies. This breakthrough could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, and viral infections.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University found a possible marker for recurring HPV-linked oropharyngeal cancers. The study suggests that an increase in E6 antibody levels after treatment may indicate a higher risk of cancer returning.
A study published in Neurology found that people taking natalizumab for multiple sclerosis have a higher risk of developing JC virus-related infections, which can lead to fatal brain disease. Researchers monitored levels of anti-JC virus antibodies in patients treated with natalizumab and found a significant increase in risk.