Articles tagged with Antibodies
Researchers found that T-bet and RORα proteins enforce specific classes of memory B cells, which can produce antibodies against various infections. This discovery opens the way for developing vaccines that induce long-term immunity towards desired antibody classes.
GW researchers are evaluating innovative methods to assess the immune response to vaccines with a novel Toll-like Receptor (TLR)-4 agonist adjuvant. They will use new antibody profiling techniques to determine the quality of the humoral immune response in humans.
Immunosignaturing uses random sequence arrays of peptides to trawl for antibodies to disease, producing a machine-readable image of immune activity that can be used to diagnose a broad range of ailments. The technique has been tested as a diagnostic for over 20 diseases and shows good correlation between serum and plasma samples.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed an injectable solution that protects mice from cocaine overdose, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of a human antibody against cocaine. The treatment shows promise in reducing mortality rates and signs of overdose in both preliminary tests.
Researcher Timpka investigates how different age groups are affected by the flu, with seasonal epidemics striking hardest in children and elderly. The study also explores theories on why this is the case, including the impact of early-life infections on immunity.
Researchers are investigating ways to improve horse vaccinations to defend foals against pathogens at an early age. Preliminary data suggests that vaccinating foals as young as 3 months old may increase protection against environmental pathogens.
Researchers identified a rare immune cell's role in antibody production and 'memory' of infectious agents, crucial for vaccine development and potential treatment of immune disorders. T follicular helper cells can remember past infections, enabling rapid responses to future attacks.
BIDMC researchers create novel antibodies that distinguish between healthy and disease-causing tau isoforms, raising the possibility of an immunization strategy for early-stage Alzheimer's diagnosis and treatment. The findings also suggest that targeting only the disease-causing isoform could prevent or slow disease progression.
A Stanford study shows a single antibody can shrink human tumors in mice by blocking a protein flag on cancer cells. The treatment achieved dramatic responses in various types of cancers, including breast, ovarian, colon, bladder, and prostate cancers.
A vaccine targeting Campylobacter in chickens could drastically reduce food-borne illness cases, saving the UK economy millions annually. The leading cause of food-borne illness, responsible for 30% of cases in the UK, is found in the gut of many animals, including chickens.
A new diagnostic criteria for Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) has been proposed, expanding on existing criteria for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcus (PANDAS). A clinical trial testing an immune-based treatment is currently underway, aiming to provide appropriate care fo...
Researchers at University College London have discovered specific antibodies that block the toxic effect of Amyloid-ß on synapses, raising hopes for a treatment to combat early cognitive decline. The findings suggest targeting the secreted protein Dkk1 could offer an effective treatment to protect synapses.
A new study challenges the long-held theory that antibodies are essential for antiviral immunity. Researchers found that mice infected with the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) could survive even without producing antibodies, as their B cells produced a chemical that maintained innate immune cells called macrophages.
A new microfluidic device can isolate target cells much faster than existing devices, using a soft membrane with nanoscale pores to guide fluid and bring cells in contact with antibodies. This technology could be used for point-of-care diagnostics and personalized medicine applications, such as cancer diagnosis.
Researchers have developed a new technology using bacteria naturally found in tsetse flies to release nanobodies against trypanosomes, the parasites that cause sleeping sickness. The nanobodies can bind to the parasite's surface and potentially block or destroy its development.
A team of researchers from the University of Rochester Medical Center has developed a vaccine that can prevent MRSA infection of orthopaedic implants. The antibody targets a component of the cell wall, preventing normal bacterial cell division and formation of sequestrum, a hallmark of osteomyelitis.
Researchers found that combining chemotherapy with antibody treatment against intracellular antigens delays tumor growth and prolongs survival. The approach uses chemotherapy to release antigens from cancer cells, allowing antibodies to effectively target them.
Researchers found that agrin and LRP4 form two diverse work teams to activate MuSK, enabling communication between neurons and muscles. This discovery may lead to new treatments for myasthenia gravis and other muscle diseases, as well as insights into neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A recent study published by Wildlife Conservation Society reveals that livestock, not Mongolian gazelles, are the primary drivers of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in Mongolia. The research found that FMDV antibody prevalence in gazelle populations mirrored the dynamics of FMD in livestock across the Eastern Steppe.
A study found that children exposed to perfluorinated compounds, commonly used in food packaging, had lower antibody responses to routine childhood immunizations. The most common PFCs, such as PFOS and PFOA, were associated with decreased antibody concentrations, indicating potential immune system deficits.
A study published in JAMA found that exposure to perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) was associated with lowered immune responses to childhood vaccinations. The research, which analyzed data from Faroe Island children, suggested a link between PFCs and reduced antibody levels, posing a potential threat to public health.
A recent study by the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute found that B cells can have multiple fates, including death, division, antibody production, or changes in antibody type. The researchers proposed that cell fates are determined by internal processes rather than external cues.
Allergy tests are not magic bullets for diagnosis, according to new guidelines from Johns Hopkins Medicine. Blood and skin tests should be used to confirm suspicion and monitor established allergies, but not as standalone diagnostic strategies. This approach aims to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary restrictions on patients.
Scientists have developed a new approach to treating autoimmune diseases by creating artificial antibodies that target the MMP9 enzyme. These 'metallobodies' mimic natural inhibitors and selectively block two members of the MMP family, preventing symptoms in mice with inflammatory conditions.
Researchers found that prior immune response to one serotype can influence interaction with virus subtypes in a subsequent infection, increasing risk of severe disease. The study provides new insights into the complex interplay between viral genetics and immune system response.
Scientists at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have designed a new method to create antibodies that neutralize the harmful protein particles leading to Alzheimer's disease. The process targets specific portions of the toxic protein, allowing for better understanding and potential treatment of similar diseases like Parkinson's.
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that damages optic nerves and spinal cord. Mayo Clinic researchers have identified critical steps leading to myelin destruction, which could lead to better diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Researchers aim to generate antibodies against human proteins without animal testing, using bacterial and yeast libraries to identify active genes. This could lead to a better understanding of human disease and potential therapeutic targets.
A team of Caltech biologists has developed a new, more potent HIV antibody that targets the virus's entry site. The antibody shows increased effectiveness against multiple subtypes of HIV, paving the way for potential clinical testing and improved vaccine development.
A new malaria vaccine combines multiple proteins from various parasite types, inducing antibodies against a wide range of parasites. The vaccine has shown improved protection in children in endemic areas and could be especially useful for vulnerable groups.
A new treatment for the deadly Hendra virus has proven successful in primate tests, with all 12 treated animals surviving after infection. The antibody m102.4 has shown strong activity against both Hendra and Nipah viruses.
Early humans' immune system responded strongly to Neu5Gc, a sugar molecule found on most animal cells. This response likely reduced reproductive success in males with high levels of Neu5Gc, driving the evolution of human ancestors.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have identified a new approach to treating diabetes and obesity by targeting the PTP1B enzyme, which is crucial in regulating insulin signaling. By oxidizing a specific cysteine residue, the enzyme's activity is temporarily halted, allowing for improved insulin sensitivity.
Scientists have identified a novel type of antibody that works against pneumococcal bacteria by causing them to clump together, leading to the expression of genes that could kill some of their siblings. This finding could improve vaccines against pneumonia and reduce hospitalizations and deaths from pneumococcal disease.
Scientists at A*STAR's IMCB discover that antibodies can directly target intracellular oncoproteins like PRL-3 to suppress cancer growth. This breakthrough finding offers hope for cancer prevention and has the potential to expand the scope of tailor-made antibody therapy and cancer vaccines.
Bleeding calf syndrome affects new-born calves, caused by low blood cell counts and bone marrow depletion. A vaccine against BVDV has been linked to the condition through anti-MHC class I antibodies produced by mothers.
Rush researchers identified a molecule, an antibody, in the bloodstream of infertile women that could be used to screen for high-risk individuals or those with early-stage ovarian cancer. Significant levels of mesothelin antibodies were found in women with premature ovarian failure and ovulatory dysfunction.
A newly discovered human antibody recognized multiple strains of the flu virus, providing a promising lead for developing a longer-lasting vaccine. The antibody, dubbed CH65, binds tightly to the receptor pocket on the influenza virus, making it less affected by mutations.
Researchers have discovered an antibody that can neutralize a broad range of flu strains, potentially reducing the need for annual vaccinations. The antibody, called CH65, mimics key aspects of the influenza virus's entry point and could guide the development of vaccines targeting multiple strains.
A specialized regulatory T cell that expresses three specific genes has been discovered to shut down the mass production of antibodies in the immune system. This finding has potential implications for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases.
A novel virus spread through a California monkey colony in late 2009, infecting over a third of the monkeys and causing devastating respiratory illness. The virus also infected two human researchers and family members, demonstrating its ability to jump between species.
Researchers have developed a method to predict whether someone will produce high levels of antibodies against a flu shot, allowing for the rapid development of vaccines and monitoring of suboptimal immune responses in vulnerable populations. The test uses gene activity data to identify predictive signatures with up to 90% accuracy.
The University of Colorado Boulder's BioServe Space Technologies will carry five CU-Boulder-built payloads aboard the final space shuttle mission. The payloads include an antibody experiment to treat bone loss in astronauts and a salmonella vaccine development project.
A study by USC researchers reveals that the inefficiency of activation-induced deoxycytidine deaminase is key to generating antibody diversity, a crucial component of the immune system. The enzyme's random process creates mutations in immunoglobulin genes, producing a diverse array of antibodies.
A new discovery has been made in the fight against plague and bacterial pneumonias by researchers at the Trudeau Institute. They have identified a single component of the plague causing bacterium that can be used as a vaccine, offering a potential safer alternative to existing vaccines.
A new comment published in The Lancet states that numerous studies failed to replicate the findings of a 2009 XMRV detection in CFS patients. Contamination of laboratory reagents is blamed for the association between XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome, leaving the field without a confirmed cause.
Researchers at UC Davis discovered that Lyme disease bacteria accumulate in lymph nodes, triggering a strong immune response but one that is not effective against the infection. The study suggests that B. burgdorferi has developed a novel strategy to subvert the immune system, allowing it to both provoke and evade an effective response.
Research suggests that the swine flu outbreak of winter 2009-2010 was more widespread than previously realized, with almost half of Scottish adults carrying antibodies to the virus. The study found that people from deprived areas were twice as likely to contract the virus.
Researchers develop a new therapy to prime tumors before radiotherapy, reducing damage to healthy tissue. The treatment shows effective targeting of tumors with minimal side effects.
New research in the FASEB Journal suggests that flawed antibody production could compromise resistance to infections during long-term missions. Scientists found that antibodies produced in space are less effective than those produced on Earth, posing a serious risk for astronauts.
A new test measuring multiple parameters including PSA and six antibodies found in the blood of men with prostate cancer is more sensitive and specific than the conventional PSA test. The A+PSA assay reduces false-positives and shows great potential to improve prostate cancer diagnosis.
A new antibody called 5750 has been developed by researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum to label specific stem cells in the nervous system. The antibody targets a sugar residue on the cell surface called LewisX, which is found on different types of neural stem cells.
A new blood-based test has the potential to diagnose Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) more quickly and accurately, allowing doctors to prescribe the right medication and prevent flares. The test uses a small chip to detect biomarkers in the body, creating a unique 'fingerprint' for each patient.
Three Ontario projects focused on biomonitoring, gene function, and synthetic antibody production will further knowledge and discovery in these fields. The funding will support the creation of new methods to monitor environmental change and improve treatment options for cancers.
Feral pigs in eastern North Carolina have been found to host significant numbers of parasites that can be transmitted to humans, including Toxoplasma gondii and Trichinella. The study's findings highlight the potential health risk posed by feral pigs to both domestic swine and humans.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine have discovered a potential cancer biomarker in non-human sialic acid antibodies, which can also be used as a treatment to suppress tumor growth. The study found that patients with carcinomas have elevated levels of antibodies to one specific Neu5Gc-containing sugar chain.
A new injection has been developed to limit the devastating consequences of heart attacks and strokes, with potential applications in transplant surgery. The injection targets a key enzyme responsible for inflammation, neutralizing its effects and significantly reducing tissue damage.
A study found that extending the HPV vaccine dosing schedule to every 3 months was comparable to the standard schedule in terms of antibody concentration levels. This alternative schedule may provide a more feasible option for expanding vaccine use in developing countries.
Researchers have discovered a unique antibody from llamas that can interfere with the toxins produced by Clostridium difficile, a health problem affecting hundreds of thousands of patients worldwide. This discovery promises to provide a much-needed alternative treatment option for this increasing healthcare problem.
Researchers have developed an experimental vaccine against the human norovirus, generating a strong immune response in mice. The vaccine uses a novel viral vector-based method and showed promise in inducing high levels of antibodies and a robust white blood cell response in animals.