Research on antibodies and their uses. Covers engineered antitoxin antibodies, long-lasting immunity, monoclonal therapies, and antiviral T cells.
Researchers at EPFL have created a new method to track down allergens in foods, which can help develop customized therapies and provide higher accuracy than conventional allergy-testing methods. The method uses immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify specific proteins causing allergic reactions.
Whitehead Institute scientists have genetically modified red blood cells to carry valuable payloads, including drugs, vaccines, and imaging agents. The approach uses sortagging, a protein-labeling technique that establishes strong chemical bonds between surface proteins and therapeutic substances.
Researchers discovered a mini-antibody called 3D8 scFv that can degrade viral DNA and RNA regardless of specific sequences, protecting mammalian cells and genetically manipulated mice against different viruses. The correct dose is crucial to destroy only viral components, not host genetic material.
The global HIV epidemic has seen significant reductions in new infections and AIDS-related deaths thanks to advancements in prevention strategies such as clean needles and condom use, and effective treatment that reduces infectiousness.
Researchers at NIAID have developed a vaccine that delivers the AMA1-RON2 complex, protecting mice from lethal malaria. The improved antibody response to this vaccine provides protection against infection even in non-vaccinated animals.
A new study published in PNAS reveals how the GAD65 protein changes shape when activated, potentially linking it to type 1 diabetes. The research found that antibodies interact with the protein differently depending on its state, which may affect vaccine development for the disease.
A Kaiser Permanente study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that patients with small HER2+ breast cancer tumors (<0.5 cm) had a high survival rate without distant recurrence, even without treatment. For larger tumors (0.6-1 cm), the risk was slightly lower but still remained low.
The investigational agent DMOT4039A, a combination of chemotherapeutic agent and antibody, showed initial evidence of anti-cancer activity in a phase I clinical trial for pancreatic and ovarian cancers. The drug targets mesothelin-rich cancer cells, reducing the risk of off-target effects.
Researchers have discovered how lemurs fight the Cryptosporidium parasite using next-generation sequencing technology. This breakthrough could aid in conservation efforts and develop new methods for detecting and treating the infection.
Researchers discovered that pigs from infected mothers suffer less from the infection than those from non-infected mothers. The study found that maternal antibodies in the sow's milk protect piglets from infections in the first few weeks of life, leading to fewer cases of severe diarrhoea and faster recovery.
Researchers at McMaster University have successfully tested an antibody that can improve the quality of life for individuals with asthma by relieving inflammation in the lungs. The study found that blocking a specific protein in the lungs with an antibody alleviates baseline inflammation and provides resistance to allergens.
Researchers discovered that shark antibodies possess structural characteristics making them robust against dehydration, leading to enhanced stability in human antibody fragments. This breakthrough enables the development of improved therapeutic and diagnostic antibodies with increased efficacy.
Researchers found that galectins recognize and kill bacteria with similar carbohydrate coatings, filling gaps in immune defenses. This discovery could lead to the development of new antibiotics for treating certain bacterial infections.
The collaboration aims to overcome barriers in delivering antibodies directly into the brain to treat dementia, Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders. The project will utilize Nanomerics' Molecular Envelope Technology to develop effective treatments with potential to improve patient adherence and quality of life.
Scientists have found that targeting adhesion molecule CD146 with anti-CD146 antibody AA98 shows promise in reducing inflammation and tumor incidence in mice with colitis. The study suggests that CD146 plays a dual role in promoting inflammation, making it a potential therapeutic target for treating inflammatory bowel disease and preve...
A recent NIH study found that a rare genetic disorder, CDG-IIb, can confer resistance to severe or recurrent viral infections like HIV and influenza. The researchers discovered that these viruses replicate less efficiently in cells with the disease, creating fewer and less infectious viruses.
Researchers developed tiny biomolecular tweezers to study mechanical forces' impact on cell and protein activity. The devices precisely stretch cells and molecules, allowing simultaneous analysis of multiple samples, enabling high-throughput assessment of force effects on a broad scale.
A recent study in Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics found that two doses of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine Cervarix are non-inferior to three doses, providing similar protection against cervical cancer. The two-dose schedule showed a clinically acceptable safety profile and induced strong antibody responses.
IRC Researchers discover a new function of AID, an enzyme crucial for the immune response. This finding helps explain hyper-IgM syndrome type 2 (HIGM2), a rare genetic disorder that causes an immunodeficiency syndrome.
Researchers use shrink wrap to boost signal of fluorescent markers in biosensing, enabling detection of infectious diseases with lower limits of detection. The technique could lead to a low-cost, highly sensitive diagnostic device using common, everyday materials.
The NIH has awarded a five-year grant of up to $28 million to establish a center for excellence in finding an antibody cocktail to fight the deadly Ebola virus. Researchers from 15 institutions, led by Erica Ollmann Saphire at Scripps Research Institute, will collaborate on definitive experiments.
Researchers have identified a subclass of antibodies associated with an effective immune response to an HIV vaccine. The study provides key insights that could aid the development of new vaccines, focusing on understanding the underlying quality of the immune response.
Two studies found that only one subclass of V1V2-directed IgG antibodies, the IgG3 subclass, is associated with antiviral responses linked to the reduced risk of HIV infection seen in the RV144 trial. More research is needed to determine whether these antibodies protected some vaccinees from HIV infection.
University of Houston researchers create a system to diagnose diseases in real time using smartphones and $20 lens attachments. The device uses gold nanoholes to detect chemical interactions between disease-causing agents and antibodies, providing quick and affordable readouts.
Researchers developed biomolecular tweezers to precisely stretch cells and molecules, studying biochemical activity and receptor binding. The device enables high-throughput capability for assessing the effects of mechanical forces on a broad scale.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a new type of antibody, called a ubiquibody, which can target specific proteins for destruction. This technology could provide a powerful way to fine-tune research on protein deletion or reduction, and may also prove useful for future drug therapies.
A study found that MERS-CoV is prevalent in camels throughout Saudi Arabia, with antibodies detected in 74% of camels and active virus in 35% of young camels. The virus likely spreads through respiratory secretions.
A new treatment approach in radioimmunotherapy has shown a high overall response rate of 94.4% and complete response in 69.4% of patients with follicular lymphoma. Researchers have found the treatment to be feasible and safe with minimal side effects.
A study has found that invading grey squirrels may pass a deadly virus to native red squirrels through their urine, parasites and faeces. The research also suggests the disease persists best in warm dry conditions and could be slowed by limiting contact between species.
Researchers studying cow antibodies have gained insights into the diversity of human antibodies, which is crucial for recognizing and neutralizing pathogens. The unique structure of these cow antibodies may also be useful for antibody-based therapies or diagnostics.
A Caltech-developed method for delivering HIV-fighting antibodies has been shown to be effective in preventing vaginal transmission of the virus in mice, a breakthrough that could potentially lead to new prevention strategies for humans.
Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute found a protein, Protein M, that attaches to antibodies and prevents them from binding to their target, helping bacteria evade the immune response. This discovery could lead to new antibacterial therapies and tools for research and drug development.
Researchers developed an antibody blocking coagulation factor XII, which prevents thrombosis without increasing bleeding risk in clinical settings. This innovation reduces the clotting risk in emergency situations like ECMO treatment and cardiovascular surgery.
Researchers at Yale University found that a combination of hydroxychloroquine may partially reverse the detrimental effects of antiphospholipid antibodies on human placental cell function, potentially benefiting pregnant women with lupus and/or antiphospholipid syndrome. This could lead to improved pregnancy outcomes for these patients.
Researchers have developed a novel DNA-barcoded antibody sensing approach to analyze hundreds of cancer-related protein markers from miniscule patient samples. This technology enables comprehensive analysis of protein expression patterns in single cells, revealing significant differences between tumors and predicting treatment response.
A multinational project led by Dr. Tyler Curiel aims to develop an antibody that can block a specific cancer metabolic pathway and reduce its ability to suppress the immune system.
Researchers at Roche have successfully developed a new technology called Brain Shuttle that efficiently transports investigational antibodies into the brain in preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease. The technology increased target engagement by over 50-fold compared to parent antibodies.
Researchers have successfully constructed a human Fab library and identified a single-domain antibody that specifically targets amyloid-beta 42 oligomers. This breakthrough discovery offers new hope for treating Alzheimer's disease by reducing amyloid-beta burden and improving memory performance.
A Stanford University School of Medicine study found that men with high testosterone levels have a weakened immune response to the flu vaccine, whereas women and men with lower testosterone levels have a stronger response. The study also discovered that testosterone interacts with genes in a way that dampens immune response.
Researchers at LA BioMed developed antibodies to prevent human cell invasion and treat mucormycosis using CotH protein blocker. The study provides groundwork for developing therapies and diagnostic tests for high-risk patients.
Researchers found that HIV-1-specific antibodies and low pH enhance transcytosis of the virus across epithelial cells. This process was enhanced by the FcRn receptor and is influenced by whether or not the antibody neutralizes the virus.
Grand Challenges Canada has awarded $100,000 grants to 83 innovative global health projects addressing disease and healthcare challenges in resource-poor countries. These projects include diagnostic diapers for deadly rotavirus, yogurt-based solutions to pesticide exposure, and storytelling approaches to maternal health.
Researchers have identified the role of the STAT3 gene in immune system memory, revealing how it directs chemical messenger molecules to various destinations. This discovery sheds light on a rare immunodeficiency disorder and may lead to improved vaccines and treatments.
Scientists have discovered an antibody to the protein LRP4, which plays a critical role in enabling the brain to communicate with muscles. This finding explains why some patients with myasthenia gravis may not have any obvious signs of the disease despite having low levels of antibodies.
Researchers found that a specific molecular process controls B cell activation and differentiation, leading to impaired antibody production. The study highlights the importance of genes like IL-21 receptor, STAT3, and CD25 in B cell function, with mutations causing debilitating effects in patients.
A recent study published in Cancer Prevention Research found that women vaccinated with one dose of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine had stable antibodies against HPV viruses in their blood for up to four years. The results challenge previous dogma on protein subunit vaccines requiring multiple doses for long-lived responses.
Berkeley Lab researchers design a programmable nanomaterial inspired by natural antibodies, capable of identifying diverse molecules. The new material resembles 'molecular Velcro' and has promising applications in chemical sensing and catalysis.
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital have found a way to overcome the immune system's attack on gene therapy viruses. By using plasmapheresis, a process that temporarily removes antibodies from the body, they were able to increase gene expression in animals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy by 500 percent.
A recent study highlights the issue of poor antibody performance due to contaminating hitchhiker antigens. This can lead to misdiagnosis, incorrect conclusions about disease mechanisms, and costly mistakes in drug development.
Researchers have discovered a novel way to generate antibodies that target multiple flu viruses, offering new hope for developing a single vaccine against all strains. The study used the immune suppressant rapamycin to shift the immune response and favor production of broadly specific antibodies.
A new study reveals that fewer US adolescents have antibodies against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), making them more susceptible to genital infections. The prevalence of HSV-1 antibodies declined among 14-19 year olds by nearly 23% and among 20-29 year olds by over 9%.
Researchers identify novel gene mutation in NFKB2 that impairs antibody production and fight infection, leading to common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The discovery provides a new mechanism for immune deficiency and enables early diagnosis and treatment.
Scientists at USC created a mathematical model to predict the biological process creating antibody diversity. The research, a collaboration between Myron Goodman and Chi Mak, explains how an enzyme initiates hypermutations in immunoglobulin genes, generating robust immune systems.
Chemists at Scripps Research Institute develop new technique to create more stable antibody-drug conjugates, reducing toxicity and increasing efficacy. The new method uses a novel Thiol-Click reaction to form stronger linkages with cysteine amino acids.
A clinical trial found that a booster dose of the new meningitis B vaccine at 40 months of age can overcome waning immunity induced by infant vaccination, showing high antibody levels in 89%–100% of children against most strains.
A study published in PeerJ found that nearly 50% of scientific resources are unidentifiable due to a lack of detail in journal articles. Researchers developed guidelines for reporting research resources to aid reproducibility, but these did not improve identification rates.
A new recombinant antibody can detect and isolate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from umbilical cord blood, a nonembryonic source with promising applications in tissue engineering and blood stem cell transplantation. The antibody recognizes an i blood group antigen present on MSCs.
Dermatomyositis patients with antibodies against NXP-2 and TIF-1γ have a high risk of cancer, according to new tests developed by researchers. The assays detect these specific proteins in patient blood samples, helping clinicians identify those at highest cancer risk.
Researchers suggest that anti-PD-1 antibodies could be effective in treating hepatitis C and other persistent viral infections. The study found that animal models with HCV infection showed improved immune function after treatment with PD-1 blocking antibodies.
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic approach combining antibody and genetic tests to detect coeliac disease in Australians. The study found that more than half of the population has genetic risk factors for developing coeliac disease.