Articles tagged with Cancer Genetics
Researchers identify SRSF1 as a key player in promoting pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer growth. High levels of SRSF1 are associated with worse patient outcomes, highlighting its potential as a target for new therapies.
Researchers discuss rapamycin's potential to delay cancer onset by slowing cell proliferation and tumor progression. The mTOR pathway is involved in both cancer and aging, making rapamycin a promising chemopreventive agent.
Researchers at The Mount Sinai Hospital have created versatile disease models of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), allowing for accurate study of the cancer's progression and response to drugs. These models, derived from induced pluripotent stem cells, can mimic different stages of AML and are nearly identical to those found in patients.
A study published in the journal Cancer found that long-term pancreatic cancer survivors have a robust immune response and enriched gut microbiome species, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. The research suggests that these bacterial species may promote immune response to pancreas cancer.
Researchers have generated artificial mice that mimic the genetic and immunological diversity of multiple myeloma in patients, allowing for more effective and personalized treatments. The mouse avatars can also predict treatment outcomes and identify correlations between genetic traits and response to preclinical therapies.
Researchers develop unsupervised machine learning algorithm to classify osteosarcoma at diagnosis based on gene expression modules. This approach enables personalized treatment strategies for osteosarcoma patients.
Researchers at Medical College of Georgia identified an increased prevalence of disease-causing genetic variants in females with unexplained infertility. The study found that 17% of these women had gene variants known to cause heart problems and cancer.
Two novel genetically defined mouse models replicate two subtypes of human multiple myeloma, revealing the interaction of genetic aberrations as a key factor in development. The models will aid in identifying specific therapeutic strategies for individualized treatment.
Researchers used PET and electron microscopy to create detailed maps of mitochondrial networks in lung tumors. They found distinct subpopulations of mitochondria organizing with organelles to support tumor cell metabolism.
Researchers from Northwestern University discuss the multifaceted tumorigenic functions of EZH2, including its role in regulating translation and coactivating transcription. This new understanding may provide novel insights into advancing EZH2-targeting strategies for prostate cancer patients.
Researchers at Rutgers University used artificial intelligence to analyze genes associated with cardiovascular disease, identifying key factors such as age, gender, and race. The study aims to accelerate early diagnosis and treatment of conditions like atrial fibrillation and heart failure.
A new study found that women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations have a cumulative risk of 49% developing any type of cancer after age 50. Risk-reducing surgeries like mastectomies and BSOs can lower this risk, but many women opt out despite elevated risk. Genetic testing is crucial for accurate risk assessment and personalized care.
Researchers have identified three novel pathogenic variants of the ATR gene as predisposing to male breast cancer. These variants were found in a cohort of individuals with early onset and familial breast cancers, using a combination of exome sequencing and functional investigations. The study suggests that extended genetic analysis ca...
Researchers Jack Griffith and Taghreed Al-Turki found that telomeres at chromosome tips can encode two small proteins with potent biological properties. The VR protein is elevated in some human cancer cells and may serve as a biomarker for age-related diseases.
Researchers discovered a causal mechanism behind BPTA syndrome by identifying a change in the HMGB1 protein that disrupts cellular self-organization. This disruption leads to developmental disorders and predisposition to cancer, with hundreds of comparable genetic changes associated with various conditions.
Researchers have identified a molecular finger that switches on genes in one-cell embryos, revealing a potential link to cancer. The discovery sheds light on the mechanisms regulating embryonic development and may lead to new insights into cancer detection.
Pusan National University researchers have identified a novel gene, SURF4, that regulates cell death and differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The study found that suppressing SURF4 expression increases cell differentiation, cell death, and accumulation of ROS, leading to arrested tumor growth in mice.
A new study led by Mayo Clinic researchers found that women carrying specific genetic changes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, have a twofold increased risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. Premenopausal women with these mutations are more likely to develop cancer in both breasts.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have found a way to reprogram cells causing Ewing sarcoma to behave like normal connective tissue cells. By blocking the protein ETV6, cancer cells can be forced to take on a new identity and grow less aggressively.
A new personalized treatment for bile duct cancer has shown remarkable results, with patients surviving for up to two years when treated with the drug futibatinib. The Phase II clinical trial found that the drug was more effective at reducing tumor size and producing modest side effects compared to chemotherapy.
Researchers identified two broad categories of MPNSTs based on their molecular makeup, one of which has a higher number of immune cells and tends to be more survivable. This discovery may lead to new treatment approaches for NF1 patients with MPNSTs, including immunotherapy and genetic testing.
Scientists have decoded the signals plants send themselves to initiate photosynthesis, a process turning sunlight into sugars. The newly identified proteins control communication between plant cells and organelles, potentially leading to breakthroughs in cancer research and improving crop yields.
Researchers have developed a comprehensive tool to predict prostate cancer risk, incorporating genetic and family history data. The algorithm aims to identify men at highest risk for targeted screening and diagnostic tests, reducing unnecessary tests for those at low risk.
A study using spatial single-cell transcriptomics reveals the spatial organization of cancer cells in patient tissues across ages and locations. The research highlights age- and location-dependent differences in tumor biology, suggesting that kids and adults with diffuse midline gliomas may need different treatments.
Researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia identified several genetic variants associated with increased cancer risk in children with non-chromosomal birth defects. The study found that these variants were more commonly found in genes related to birth defects and cancer, suggesting a potential basis for early detection.
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center discovered the inactivation of NF1 as a potential genetic driver for pancreatic cancer. The study suggests that targeting NF1 could create vulnerabilities for therapeutic advantage in mutant KRAS-bearing tumors.
A study published in Oncotarget found that APOE genotype is associated with the presence and severity of cancer treatment-related side effects and symptoms, as well as the response to exercise-based interventions in cancer survivors. ApoE4 carriers showed a lower fall rate after exercise intervention compared to non-carriers.
The ESMO Asia Congress 2022 will focus on the latest scientific and clinical advances in oncology, with a special emphasis on the Asia-Pacific region. Media representatives can register for coverage through the official media registration form.
Researchers found that genetic copy-number alterations drive HPV-negative head and neck cancers, providing new insights for immune checkpoint inhibitors. The study identified key determinants of resistance and suggests a novel diagnostic biomarker test, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A study by Leiden University Medical Center found six proteins in blood samples that were altered one to two years before a breast cancer diagnosis. The researchers believe these proteins could be used to develop a blood test for early detection of breast cancer in high-risk women.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have discovered a genetic link between melanoma tumors and telomere maintenance, which could lead to new treatments for the disease. The study found that mutations in the TPP1 gene stimulate telomerase activity, promoting long telomeres that enable cancer cells to divide in...
Researchers discovered that X chromosome is actively silenced in about 4% of male cancer samples, a phenomenon previously seen only in female cells. This finding could lead to new insights into the development and treatment of various types of cancers.
A retrospective study found that tumor hyaluronan levels are associated with improved time to progression in non-small cell lung cancer patients. HA-high tumors showed a trend towards improved clinical benefit, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a prodrug form of curcumin called TBP1901, which has shown anti-tumor effects without causing harm. The study found that TBP1901's conversion to active curcumin is dependent on the enzyme GUSB, suggesting its potential therapeutic targets.
In a patient trial, the AKT inhibitor ipatasertib showed signs of effectiveness in treating advanced cancers. 22% of patients experienced tumor shrinkage, while 56% had stable disease. Further research is needed to understand why some patients responded and others did not.
A study published in European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging identified specific genetic markers associated with high risk of head and neck cancer. The research used DNA sequencing, artificial intelligence, and positron emission tomography to analyze cellular characteristics of tumors. These markers can facilitate mo...
Researchers at Mount Sinai's Tisch Cancer Institute have discovered a new gene, PDZK1IP1, essential to colon cancer growth. The study found that surrounding inflammation activates the super enhancer, promoting tumor cell survival and growth.
Researchers developed a computational platform to identify metabolic vulnerabilities in ovarian cancer genes, suggesting opportunities for targeted therapies. The study found that certain genetic alterations can create vulnerabilities in cancer cell metabolism, which can be exploited to selectively kill cancer cells.
A study published in JCI Insight has found that genetic variation plays a crucial role in the racial disparity of esophageal cancer cases. Researchers used artificial intelligence-guided tools to pinpoint a specific type of immune cell as the disease driver, and a protective genetic factor associated with African Americans.
Researchers at UEA discovered that 'normal' prostate cells in men with prostate cancer have specific genetic changes that facilitate the growth and spread of cancer. The study suggests treating the whole prostate, not just affected areas, may be more effective.
A recent study found that low-level mosaic methylation of the BRCA1 gene is associated with an increased risk of triple-negative breast cancer and high-grade serous ovarian cancer. The study confirms that such methylation may be a cancer risk factor, raising questions about its potential impact on other known cancer genes.
New research estimates the overall disease burden of genetic risk factors on healthy life years lost, prioritizing interventions using genetic information. The study found that common genetic variants for cardio-vascular diseases and Alzheimer’s disease have a substantial population-level impact.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic link HSD3B1 genotype to higher risk of type 2 endometrial cancer, which is more aggressive and has lower survival rates than type 1. The study builds on previous associations with breast and prostate cancer, suggesting the gene could serve as a biomarker for certain subtypes.
In a Phase I/II trial, selpercatinib demonstrated a 44% objective response rate across multiple tumor types, including pancreatic and colorectal cancers. The study found responses regardless of cancer type or prior treatment history, confirming RET fusions as a tissue-agnostic target.
Researchers found that RK-33 inhibits the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to replicate in host cells, making it a potential broad-spectrum antiviral agent. The study showed that RK-33's antiviral capability remains consistent across four SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Research using genetic variants as proxies for physical activity levels found a link between higher activity and lower invasive breast cancer risk. A higher overall level of genetically predicted physical activity was associated with a 41% lower risk of invasive breast cancer.
A new preclinical model of thymic cancer reveals how a common mutation sparks tumor formation and identifies potential targets for therapy. The model, developed by Weill Cornell Medicine researchers, shares molecular characteristics with human thymic tumors, paving the way for new treatments.
Researchers found that using the drug erlotinib, which blocks a specific cancer pathway, led to a 30 percent reduction in polyps formed in patients with FAP. The study's findings suggest potential ways to prevent colorectal cancer in the general population at an earlier stage.
The study found an overall response rate of 57% and disease control rate of 83% in 23 patients with diverse cancer types. These results validate RET as a tissue-agnostic target with sensitivity to RET inhibition.
A recent study published in Cancer Research identified a unique vulnerability in certain high-risk cancers that can be exploited for targeted therapy. Researchers found that cancer cells with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) have a common weakness, leading to resistance to DNA-damaging agents and chemotherapy.
Researchers used spatial transcriptomics to create a map of prostate tissue, revealing areas of healthy cells with genetic characteristics of cancer. The study's findings have big implications for diagnosis and potentially treating specific cancer regions.
The NCI-backed Molecular Targets Platform streamlines and catalyzes drug development by integrating pediatric cancer targets and pathways. This platform empowers researchers, pharmaceutical companies, and advocacy groups to accelerate the pace of drug development for pediatric cancer.
A study investigated total and out-of-pocket costs of genetic counseling among commercially insured adults with cancer, finding that these costs can significantly impact patient care. Factors contributing to higher costs were identified, highlighting the need for more affordable genetic testing options.
A study of over 500 patients with multiple myeloma reveals a high prevalence of genetic alterations in oncogenic pathways, leading to treatment resistance. The research found a specific link between RASopathies and mutations in these pathways, offering new insights into the development of resistance mechanisms.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that people with high genetic risk for stroke can reduce their risk by 30-45% by adopting a healthy cardiovascular lifestyle. The study followed 11,568 adults over 28 years and showed that modifying lifestyle risk factors can offset genetic risk.
Researchers analyzed germline variants in breast cancer patients to identify their role in metastasis development. The study found that host genetic makeup contributes to metastasis through dysregulation of gene expression, promoting the dispersion of metastatic seeds and establishing a conducive environment for their growth.
Researchers at Edith Cowan University have found a genetic link between human leukocyte antigens and immunotherapy side effects in non-small cell lung cancer patients. The discovery enables doctors to tailor treatment to individual patients, reducing the risk of toxicities and improving overall outcomes.
A study found that pharmacogenomic testing can help providers avoid prescribing antidepressants with undesirable outcomes. The test, which analyzes genes related to drug metabolism, resulted in a significant improvement in depression symptoms compared to usual care.
Researchers have found that high levels of iron can generate toxic free radicals, which damage lipids and ultimately lead to cell death. The team is exploring the use of compounds like JKE-1674 to induce ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells, making them more vulnerable to treatment.
Researchers have created stem cell models that mimic the genetic disorder, revealing the role of WASP protein in regulating RNA splicing and finding potential therapeutic targets. These findings could lead to new treatments for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, a devastating immune deficiency disorder.