Articles tagged with Cancer Genomics
A new tool, metapipeline-DNA, automates and standardizes genome sequencing analysis, reducing the complexity of large and complicated data. The open-access resource, developed by Sanford Burnham Prebys and the University of California Los Angeles, aims to improve collaboration and reproducibility across research labs.
A new clinical trial will investigate whether adding the oral medication vorasidenib to standard chemotherapy improves progression-free survival for people with newly-diagnosed, grade 3 IDH-mutant astrocytoma. The study aims to recruit 400 individuals with this type of brain cancer and evaluate the safety and side-effect profile of the...
Researchers explored using CDK4/6 inhibitors to treat PDAC by targeting RB1, which is often inactivated by oncogenic KRAS. This approach showed promise in inducing cellular senescence, but further combination therapy is needed for therapeutic benefit.
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology is spotlighting new trials for colorectal cancer in March, focusing on early detection methods and treatments for treatment delays and loss of appetite. The trials aim to improve patient outcomes, with several enrolling patients with newly diagnosed colon or rectal cancer.
A new study demonstrates that blocking a signaling protein called FAK helps mobilize an anti-tumor immune response, allowing tumor-fighting cells to approach tumors and shift the behavior of other immune cells to work against them. This approach achieved the best effects on immune cell recruitment, tumor size reduction, and survival ti...
A study analyzing tumours from almost 500 pet cats identified genetic changes that could help treat breast cancer in humans and animals. Similarities were found between feline mammary cancers and human breast cancers, suggesting potential avenues for therapy.
Researchers analyzed tumour samples from almost 500 domestic cats across five countries, identifying specific driver genes that lead to cancer development. The study found similarities between cat and human cancers, including a common driver gene associated with worse prognosis in humans.
The journal explores the convergence of computational biology, artificial intelligence, and healthcare innovation, with a focus on precision medicine and enhanced patient care. Submissions are accepted from researchers, clinicians, and technologists on topics such as AI in medicine, computational genomics, and drug discovery.
Researchers have identified three unique subtypes of mismatch repair deficient high-grade gliomas, providing a clearer understanding of their development and behavior. The findings are helping guide more precise therapies and offer hope for a potential vaccine to target cancer cells earlier.
A national clinical trial found that oxybutynin significantly reduced hot flash frequency and quality of life for men undergoing hormone therapy for prostate cancer. The study showed substantial improvements in hot flash symptoms, often within the first week of treatment.
A recent study published in PNAS reveals a novel non-coding RNA molecule, CUL1-IPA, that regulates key cellular functions and supports the structural integrity of the nucleolus. The discovery suggests this molecule may influence patient survival in certain blood cancers.
Researchers found that cancer's powerful genetic on switches, called super-enhancers, drive intense gene activity, causing DNA breaks and stress. This can lead to accumulation of mutations over time, fueling cancer's evolution.
The study reveals that low levels of CTDNEP1 drive early and deadly pancreatic tumors, highlighting its role as a tumor suppressor. Tumors with low CTDNEP1 expression showed stronger metabolic activity and immune evasion.
Researchers from The University of Osaka discovered that loss of heterochromatin can trigger genetic changes leading to chromosomal rearrangements and diseases like cancer. Accumulation of R-loops at pericentromeric repeats was found to be a key mechanism in this process.
A new study by CNIO has identified two genes in the complement system that increase the risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. These genes, FCN1 and PLAT, may serve as biomarkers for screening high-risk populations.
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia researchers have developed a method to help cancer immunotherapies reach 'invisible' tumors. HLA-Shuttle is an engineered protein complex that restores antigen presentation in immunologically 'cold' neuroblastoma cells, identifying previously unknown targets across 30 genes linked to neuroblastoma.
The partnership enables Fox Chase to implement clinical testing utilizing Arima's 3D-genomics technology for multiple tumor types, guiding diagnosis and treatment. This collaboration accelerates innovation through strategic partnerships integrating basic science, clinical research, and patient care.
A clinical trial by UC San Diego School of Medicine found that personalizing cancer treatments using molecular testing improves treatment success. The study used advanced genomic sequencing to identify unique tumor DNA profiles and developed personalized treatment plans, resulting in better treatment results for patients.
Researchers developed RNACOREX, a new open-source software tool that identifies gene regulation networks in cancer. The tool analyzes thousands of molecules simultaneously to detect key interactions, providing an interpretable molecular map that improves understanding of tumors.
The MUTE-Seq method detects rare cancer mutations at exceptionally low frequencies, enriching circulating tumor DNA and improving detection accuracy. It increases variant allele frequencies by tens of times, enabling detection of mutations present at 0.005% or lower.
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant discoveries in the treatment of rare bile duct cancers, with zanidatamab showing promising results. Additionally, a study identified RASH3D19 as a target to overcome treatment resistance in KRAS-mutant cancers.
A study compares five DNA foundation language models across 57 diverse datasets to identify their strengths and weaknesses in predicting gene expression, identifying genomic components, and detecting harmful mutations. The findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate models based on specific genomic tasks.
A UTEP research team found that Claudin-4, a protein increasing in ovarian cancer, may help tumors survive and hide from the immune system. Targeting Claudin-4 with a peptide and PARP inhibitor slows tumor growth and enhances the immune system's ability to fight cancer.
Researchers have discovered a new class of BRCA1 mutations that can be targeted by HSP90 inhibitors, potentially improving treatment outcomes for patients with breast cancer. The study found that these mutations are more resistant to PARP inhibitor treatment but can be overcome with low-dose HSP90 inhibition.
Researchers have shown that disabling the NRF2 gene with CRISPR technology can restore drug sensitivity and slow tumor growth in lung cancer. The approach, which targets a master switch for resistance, has potential across multiple tumor types.
The Ontario Hereditary Cancer Research Network has created a comprehensive provincial database to support research on cancers passed down through genetics. Ontarians at risk of hereditary cancers can now register for access to clinical trials, advocacy groups, and other resources.
A new computational tool called DeepTarget predicts direct and indirect targets of cancer drugs, revealing that small molecules can have different targets and effects depending on the disease and cell type. The study demonstrates the tool's superior performance in real-world scenarios, highlighting its potential to accelerate drug deve...
Researchers identified a new subtype of T-cells that do not respond to current treatments and could impact clinical care. A genetic marker, ZBTB16, was found to be switched on in these cells, which can be used to identify them.
A new genetic risk score combines rare and common gene variants with non-coding genome information to predict arrhythmia risk. This comprehensive framework can be applied to other genetically influenced diseases like cancer and Parkinson's Disease.
Researchers at Arizona State University discovered that SerpinB3 plays a natural role in the body's wound-healing process, helping skin recover after damage. The protein helps activate keratinocytes to rebuild tissue and improve skin strength.
A University of Delaware student's unexpected rise as a researcher led to critical new insights into human papillomavirus (HPV) and its role in cancer. The study found that specific mutations in HPV proteins may increase cancer risk, paving the way for improved approaches to diagnosing and treating HPV-related cancers.
Up to 17 million people in the US, approximately 5%, carry genetic mutations associated with cancer risk. The study highlights the importance of routine cancer screenings and suggests expanding genetic testing beyond high-risk groups.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science identified genes that predict CD8+ T cell expansion in cancer immunotherapy. A 'signature gene set' or 'expansion signature' was found to identify primed T cells for growth, predicting treatment response and offering a potential guide for new therapies.
The Josep Carreras Institute is pioneering Spatial Transcriptomics to understand tumor structure at the cellular level. The institute's guidance on this methodology offers practical solutions for improving reproducibility and clinical application.
The Variant Workbench enables researchers to explore genetic data in a single, integrated workspace, linking genomic information with clinical conditions. By reducing data complexity, the tool facilitates scientific discovery and accelerates pace of research.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic identified a genetic factor contributing to severe liver damage after chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients. A specific gene variant, PNPLA3, was linked to increased risk of liver injury.
Researchers have identified distinct immune profiles for different subtypes of pediatric germ cell tumors, which could lead to more targeted therapies. The study found that certain tumor subtypes respond well to immunotherapy and others exhibit an immunosuppressive environment, making them more aggressive.
A consortium led by the University of Southampton aims to advance cutting-edge treatments for lung cancer, blood cancers, and chronic inflammation. The ON-TRACT project will train researchers in academic, industrial, and clinical settings to develop safer and more effective treatments.
A team of scientists has identified rogue DNA rings as early drivers of glioblastoma growth, suggesting a window of opportunity for earlier detection and treatment. The study suggests that targeting these DNA rings could lead to more effective treatments.
A new study demonstrates the safety and potential benefits of a perioperative combination immune checkpoint blockade in resectable mesothelioma. Patients treated with the regimen lived a median of 28.6 months, with nearly 36% alive and recurrence-free at follow-up.
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant advancements in treating kidney cancer, including the use of metastasis-directed targeted radiation therapy to delay systemic treatments. Additionally, preliminary data from an ELI-002 vaccine trial showed promise in delaying relapse of KRAS-mutated pancreatic and colorectal cancers.
Researchers found a unique microbial signature in colorectal cancer samples that can accurately distinguish them from other types of cancer. This discovery has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer.
The foundation provides $300,000 total funding over four years to investigate cancer causes, mechanisms, therapies, and prevention. This support fosters interdisciplinary research and encourages innovative projects that push boundaries and make breakthroughs.
Researchers mapped the surface envelope glycoprotein of human endogenous retroviruses, opening doors to new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. The study revealed specific antibodies that target the viral proteins, potentially leading to new cancer immunotherapies and treatments for autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have identified a group of proteins known as the GATOR1 complex as essential tumour suppressors that play critical roles in preventing lymphoma development. Disruption of these genes promotes lymphoma development and existing drugs targeting the same cellular pathways were highly effective at slowing growth.
Cancer cells with abundant circular DNA elements (ecDNA) carrying oncogenes like MYCN are resistant to chemotherapy. Combining standard chemotherapy with a secondary therapy targeting these senescent cells leads to improved outcomes in mouse models of neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a new tool called BACDAC to identify signs of genomic instability in cancer. The tool uses DNA sequencing to detect structural alterations in tumors, which can fuel aggressive growth and evade standard testing.
The American Society of Human Genetics recognizes Dr. Harry Dietz for his work on Marfan Syndrome, Dr. Eric Green for his leadership in advancing human genetics and genomics, Dr. Mike Talkowski for his pioneering contributions to cytogenetics and genomic medicine, and Dr. Elizabeth Bhoj for her extensive work in translational genetics.
Researchers developed a software fueled by genomics to predict cancer cell behavior, combining genomics technologies with computational modeling. The new 'grammar' enables communication between biology and code, allowing scientists to build digital representations of multicellular biological systems and simulate diseases like cancer.
A team led by University of Houston engineer Tianfu Wu aims to find better biomarkers for ovarian cancer using autoantibodies and machine learning. By detecting ovarian cancer earlier, mortality rates could be reduced by 10-30%.
A new study found that over 65% of ovarian cancer tumors exhibit whole-genome doubling, making them more resistant to treatments. WGD-high tumors suppress the immune response by repressing key pathways.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has released detailed genetic data about a pancreatic cancer cell, fostering progress in cancer research. The data can be used to research tumors, improve diagnostic tests, and develop new cancer treatments.
A new study reveals that SETD1B plays a critical role in supporting the growth of aggressive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, particularly in those with FLT3-ITD mutations. By targeting SETD1B, researchers believe it may be possible to develop more effective treatments.
Researchers at UCLA have discovered a chromatin-based strategy that enables cells to rapidly produce proteins when nutrients are scarce. This 'priming' mechanism, driven by the MYC gene, allows cancer cells to adapt and survive under metabolic stress.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified a novel combination therapy approach to treat pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) fueled by NUP98 fusions. Targeting the complex alone or in combination with another anticancer drug significantly increased survival in AML model systems.
Researchers have discovered a novel cell-clearance pathway linked to diseases such as Chediak-Higashi Syndrome, which affects immune system function. The study used CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology and live imaging to characterize this pathway and identify key genes involved.
A newly developed AI model, crossNN, accurately diagnoses brain tumors in 99.1% of cases and differentiates between over 170 tumor types from all organs with 97.8% accuracy. This technology enables non-invasive diagnostics using cerebrospinal fluid samples, providing a stress-free alternative to traditional biopsy methods.
A new machine learning algorithm, SAVANA, has been developed to accurately detect structural variations in cancer genomes using long-read sequencing data. The algorithm was tested on 99 human tumour samples and showed high consistency with current clinical standards.
Researchers have identified FAM111B as a promising candidate for glioma treatment. The study found that FAM111B overexpression enhances glioma malignancy through the PI3K/AKT pathway, providing a novel avenue for therapeutic intervention.
Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University have developed a new approach to bridge the gap between available data and actionable insight in medicine. They introduced contextualized modeling, a family of ultra-personalized machine learning methods, to build individualized gene network models for nearly 8,000 tumors across 25 cancer typ...