Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
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Men with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide experienced sharp reductions in PSA levels, leading to improved survival rates. A 50% decrease in PSA was associated with lower risk of metastases and longer survival time.
A recent study confirms that pancreatic cancer rates are rising faster in women than men, particularly among younger women and Black women. The rate of pancreatic cancer among women under the age of 55 increased by 2.4% compared to men of the same age, highlighting a significant disparity in mortality rates between the sexes.
The February issue of the CHEST journal features 37 articles exploring various topics in chest medicine, including asthma, COPD, and pulmonary vascular disease. The journal also highlights its equity topic collection, focusing on conditions that affect women, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension and sarcoidosis.
The ESMO Gynaecological Cancers Congress 2023 will present the latest treatments and insights for ovarian, uterine, cervical, and rare gynaecological cancers. Around 80 studies will be presented on strategies to overcome PARP inhibitors mechanisms of resistance in ovarian cancer.
Researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute developed a method to fine-tune CAR-T cell stimulation using artificial antigen-presenting scaffolds. This approach enhances consistency and potency of resulting CAR-T cell products, allowing for better cancer treatment outcomes.
Researchers investigated a remote dietary intervention to reduce chronic cancer-related fatigue in lymphoma survivors, with encouraging preliminary data suggesting effectiveness. Participants showed significant improvement in self-reported fatigue and overall healthful eating patterns.
Researchers at Uppsala University developed a prognostic method using a combination of immune cells to provide clearer disease prognoses and predict which patients will respond best to immunotherapy. The method was shown to be associated with patient fate in several types of cancer.
Researchers investigated the effects of everolimus on the STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in TP53 mutant cell lines and xenograft models. Everolimus treatment significantly inhibited cell growth and reduced tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
A phase 3 clinical trial of nearly 700 patients with early-stage lung cancer found that sublobar resection surgery, removing part of the affected lobe, was as effective as traditional lobectomy in terms of disease-free and overall survival. Patients who underwent sublobar resection also showed modestly better lung function.
The grant aims to eliminate barriers and facilitate access to early phase cancer clinical trials for medically underserved communities. Researchers will develop and implement a multilevel program to improve referrals and enrollment, exploring the impact of remote clinical trials on enhancing diversity in trials.
A study by University of Gothenburg researchers found a significant association between methotrexate use and an increased risk of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and cutaneous malignant melanoma. The study suggests that higher doses of methotrexate may increase the risk of SCC and BCC, while no dose-response relationship...
A study published in eLife found that one in two cancer patients developed long COVID-19 symptoms persisting beyond six months after initial infection. Female cancer patients were more likely to experience long COVID-19 compared to men, and most cases could be managed as outpatients.
Engineers at the University of Waterloo developed AI technology to predict breast cancer treatment effectiveness, allowing doctors to prescribe personalized treatments and reduce unnecessary side effects. The new algorithm uses synthetic correlated diffusion imaging images to forecast patient responses to chemotherapy.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new type of CAR T-cell therapy that effectively attacks and destroys ovarian cancer cells, significantly prolonging the lives of mice with the disease. The treatment has shown promising results in reducing tumor size and curing several mice.
Researchers evaluate an integrated NGS system, delivering accurate diagnoses in under 24 hours and expanding targeted treatments available to patients with myeloid neoplasms. The assay identified 80-92% of genetic variants, demonstrating promising results for accelerating precision therapies.
People living with dementia are more likely to have cancer diagnosed at an advanced stage and receive less treatment, negatively affecting survival. Review authors provide pragmatic recommendations for clinicians treating cancer in patients with dementia.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Cancer have developed a non-invasive test that can detect and profile prostate cancers in microscopic amounts. The test, known as the EV Digital Scoring Assay, has the potential to spare patients from unnecessary treatment-related side effects and direct them to effective therapies.
Researchers developed a new device to identify key membrane proteins in urine indicative of brain tumors. This could lead to early detection and increased survival rates for patients.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that MRI-based surveillance after surgical treatment can detect clinically occult local recurrences, potentially improving patient outcomes. The study included 19 studies and showed a significant association between high-intensity surveillance and the detection of local recurrences.
A $1.1 million Department of Defense grant supports Augusta University research linking prostate cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Dr. Avirup Guha's research aims to investigate the aging process, exploring the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in this connection.
Researchers report an updated analysis from a phase I study of mivavotinib, a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma. The study showed a 45% overall response rate and median duration of response of 28.1 months in the overall cohort.
Patients living in Southern states with expanded Medicaid were more likely to receive early treatment for invasive breast cancer. Despite this, the proportion of patients undergoing treatments actually decreased across all states.
Researchers at Rice University have developed light-activated nanoscale drills that can kill pathogenic fungi, providing a potential new treatment option for fungal infections. The molecular machines target the mitochondria of fungal cells, disrupting cellular metabolism and leading to cell death.
Researchers developed a method to measure individual biological response to therapy using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, enabling real-time evaluation of radiotherapy's impact on patients. This technique allows for tailored radiation doses to optimize treatment and improve outcomes.
Researchers analyzed over 500,000 patient records and found that patients diagnosed at age 70 were nearly twice as likely to be passed over for post-surgical radiation therapy. This significant gap in treatment recommendations suggests that cognitive heuristics play a major role in physician decision-making.
The SWOG S1416 clinical trial demonstrated the efficacy of PARP inhibitor veliparib in patients with triple-negative breast cancer and a 'BRCA-like' phenotype. Patients treated with veliparib experienced longer progression-free survival times compared to those receiving chemotherapy alone, with median PFS of 5.9 months versus 4.2 months.
Researchers at Saint Louis University found that COVID-19 vaccination does not interfere with cancer immunotherapy in previously vaccinated patients. The study supports recommending vaccination to patients with cancer, including those receiving systemic therapies.
A Yale-led clinical trial found improved rates of survival and reduced risk of recurrence in patients taking osimertinib for non-small cell lung cancer. The study showed prolonged disease-free survival and reduced local- and distant-recurrence of symptoms.
A novel form of chemoimmunotherapy has been proven to be a promising treatment for canine cancer, extending the lives of terminally ill dogs. The therapy uses modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells carrying a potent 'kill-switch' that induces anti-cancer immunity and improves quality of life.
A study found that immune checkpoint inhibitors enhance chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain by blocking interaction between macrophages and neurons via PD1-PDL1 synergy. This discovery could lead to the development of therapeutic alternatives to prevent pain while maintaining anti-neoplastic effects.
The world's first international clinical guidelines have been created to prevent and treat heart complications in children undergoing cancer treatment. The guidelines cover cardiovascular disease assessment, screening, and follow-up for pediatric patients receiving various cancer treatments.
Researchers identified a subset of mutations within tumor mutation burden that remain persistent and visible to the immune system, increasing likelihood of response to immunotherapy. This finding enables clinicians to more accurately select patients for clinical trials or predict clinical outcomes with immune checkpoint blockade.
A phase 2 clinical trial combining immunotherapy and targeted therapy showed a 24.3% confirmed response rate and 5-month median progression-free survival among patients with BRAF V600 mutations. The treatment also demonstrated increased durability, with 57% of patients remaining on treatment for more than 6 months.
Researchers developed a translational step forward in treating brain tumors using intraventricular immunovirotherapy, which has shown safety and efficacy in recent clinical trials. This approach uses oncolytic herpes simplex virus type-1 to target high-grade glioma with promising results.
Researchers found that female patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the afternoon had reduced mortality rates and cancer recurrence compared to those treated in the morning. The study suggests that timing chemotherapy delivery according to an individual's circadian clock may improve treatment outcomes.
A phase 3 trial found that adding nab-paclitaxel to a standard gemcitabine plus cisplatin regimen did not significantly extend median overall survival for patients with advanced biliary tract cancers, but provided benefits for subsets of patients. The treatment also showed improved response rates and progression-free survival times.
A new study led by Mayo Clinic researchers found that women carrying specific genetic changes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, have a twofold increased risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. Premenopausal women with these mutations are more likely to develop cancer in both breasts.
Researchers found that certain gene signaling pathways, such as interferon γ and beta-catenin, can lead to tumor hyperprogression after immunotherapy. Targeting these pathways may prevent hyperprogression in preclinical models.
New research reveals elevated suicide rates among adults undergoing cancer surgery, with significant increases observed in certain cancers and demographics
A Cancer Research UK-funded clinical trial found that chemotherapy before surgery reduces the chance of colon cancer returning within 2 years by 28%. The study involved 1,053 patients and showed significant benefits in terms of preventing cancer recurrence.
Researchers developed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Radionuclide Therapy (FACT-RNT) questionnaire to identify key symptoms and side effects associated with radionuclide therapy. The tool aims to improve patient-centered care and guide treatment decisions for prostate cancer patients.
Researchers found poor adherence to surgical quality metrics in lung cancer patients, with only 40% receiving minimally invasive surgery and one-third receiving adequate lymph node sampling. Adherence to guidelines was associated with improved overall survival rates.
A new personalized treatment for bile duct cancer has shown remarkable results, with patients surviving for up to two years when treated with the drug futibatinib. The Phase II clinical trial found that the drug was more effective at reducing tumor size and producing modest side effects compared to chemotherapy.
Researchers developed a new technique to analyze frozen tumor specimens, enabling the study of rare cancers and unique patient histories. This breakthrough increases the number and variety of tumor samples available for scientific analysis.
A new study standardizes the use of optical genome mapping (OGM) for patients with blood cancers, demonstrating its potential as a frontline test for diagnosing hematologic malignancies. OGM outperforms existing tests in detecting cancer-causing gene variants and identifying additional information that can improve patient outcomes.
Researchers found that a pro-oxidant mixture of resveratrol and copper can inactivate cell-free chromatin particles, reducing chemotherapy toxicity. The treatment also showed promise in preventing aging and sepsis.
A computational model predicts brain tumour growth using MRI data, providing valuable insights for clinicians. The study uses anonymous patient data to develop a predictive model for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) growth, which can be used to inform treatment decisions.
A study of 4,768 patients with cancer found that SARS-CoV-2 infection led to delayed or discontinued cancer treatment, exacerbating existing survival inequities. Racial and area-level social determinants were associated with these delays.
A new study found that COVID-19 primarily affected patients with a moderate to critical course, often with comorbidities, whereas many had mild courses despite metastatic melanoma and systemic therapy, recommending continued treatment whenever possible.
Researchers discovered that pre-surgery immunotherapy significantly improved patient outcomes for locally advanced colorectal cancer. The treatment showed substantial longer survival benefits, including low recurrence rates, in patients with mismatch repair-deficient or microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) CRC.
A novel imaging agent, 68Ga-FAPI, has been shown to reduce the number of false-positive PET/CT findings among cancer patients recently vaccinated for COVID-19. This can help prevent costly follow-up and false management decisions for cancer patients.
Researchers are working to understand the events contributing to pancreatic cancer development by studying gene abnormalities and their effects on the disease. Dr. Krushna Patra's lab is focused on understanding how genetic mutations like GNAS contribute to pancreatic cancer growth.
Scientists have found a way to break down the resistance of mice with neuroendocrine pancreatic cancer to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. A new drug combination, PD1-IL2v and anti-PD-L1, enhances anti-tumor immunity by stimulating specific T cells and reprogramming macrophages, leading to increased survival rates in tumor-bearing mice.
A new genetic test has been developed to identify ovarian cancer patients who benefit from PARP inhibitors, a treatment option with significant improvements in prognosis. The test has been optimized for the Finnish population and is clinically approved, allowing for targeted treatment and reduced adverse effects.
Researchers from prominent institutions discuss hepatocellular carcinoma's pathogenesis, genomic heterogeneity, and targeted therapy options. The review aims to characterize HCC's complexities and develop clinically relevant biomarkers for better management.
The EMBRACE-I study demonstrated the superiority of personalized brachytherapy in treating locally advanced cervical cancer. A targeted approach using magnetic resonance imaging-defined tumor volume resulted in a high tumor control rate and low risk of recurrence.
A new brief tele-cognitive behavioral therapy, BRIGHT, shows promise in reducing body-image distress among head and neck cancer survivors. The trial found that levels of body-image distress fell significantly for those who received the therapy compared to standard survivorship education.
Spouses of cancer patients experience increased risk of psychiatric disorders requiring specialist care. The study emphasizes the importance of mental health screening and support for these individuals.
Researchers tracked 392 patients with diffuse low-grade glioma over 20 years and found that aggressive surgical removal offered a distinct survival advantage. Smaller tumor sizes were associated with longer survival times, highlighting the importance of early intervention.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in precision oncology for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma, identifying that certain cell surface molecules decrease or are absent in these patients, making them resistant to the new drug enfortumab vedotin.