Articles tagged with Immunology
A team of four researchers, led by Professor Tomás Ryan, will explore how the brain stores memories of immune and sickness experiences to make predictions about future challenges. The project aims to determine the effect of chronic inflammation during pregnancy on immune memory function and its impact on altered neural development.
The study found that a salt-triggered gel containing engineered Salmonella reduced tumour growth by shrinking tumours as well as free bacteria, cutting weight loss by 82% and reversing liver and spleen damage. The gel also delivered the bacteria to the tumours, avoiding poisoning, and showed promise in treating melanoma and other cancers.
Researchers developed a combination therapy approach using TargetScore algorithm to target PARP and SHP2 proteins, overcoming treatment resistance in breast cancer models. This approach showed durable responses and improved survival in multiple preclinical models.
Researchers discovered a molecular pathway connecting lncRNA-encoded micropeptides, macrophage polarization, and tumor progression in liver cancer. The study found that the micropeptide CTXND1 suppresses mTORC1 signaling in macrophages, thereby limiting tumor growth.
A new study reveals that the CASS4 gene plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease by directing brain-cleaning immune cells, which can be disrupted leading to the buildup of toxic plaques. This discovery offers new hope for the development of treatments or prevention strategies by targeting the gene or microglia in the brain.
Research reveals that eczema disrupts skin barrier, enabling allergens to enter the body, and certain immune cells like basophils contribute to the atopic march. Supressing basophils reduces lung hypersensitivity to allergens, suggesting a new preventive strategy against asthma.
A new review examines the relationship between tumors and the nervous system, suggesting that psychedelics may be able to 'listen' to the system and provide relief from cancer-related symptoms. The review also explores the potential for psychedelics to modulate the immune system and reduce inflammation in cancer patients.
A team of researchers at VIB and Ghent University discovered how an important driver of inflammation is activated at the molecular level. They found that an inflammatory molecule called IL-36γ initially attaches weakly to a receptor, but subsequent interactions create a stable complex that triggers a strong inflammatory response.
Alliance Clinical Trials is advancing early detection, improving treatments, and enhancing survivorship for lung cancer patients. The organization is conducting seven active clinical trials focused on prevention, early detection, treatment, and survivorship.
Dr. Susan Bullman receives the 2027 Mary Beth Maddox Award for her pioneering research on tumor microbiome interactions, uncovering how bacteria influence cancer development, treatment response, and immune function. Her work holds promise for developing new bacteria-based cancer therapies.
Researchers identified lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) as a key metabolic mediator of macrophage dysfunction in immune thrombocytopenia. A two-drug combination of dexamethasone and atorvastatin restores immune balance and reverses platelet count recovery.
Mutations in the ASPM gene disrupt human brain development by targeting specific neural progenitor cells, leading to microcephaly and intellectual disability. The discovery sheds light on why humans are more susceptible to genetic conditions than other mammals.
Researchers developed a bone marrow-derived culture system to generate large numbers of highly enriched CD103-positive cDC1 cells from mice. The system, called iDC1, produces an estimated 1.5 billion cDC1 cells from a single mouse, with over 95% purity.
Scientists discovered that the human body may not produce IL-39, a cytokine involved in inflammation and immunity, due to structural limitations. By leveraging molecular engineering, researchers created a rationally designed IL-39 that can be secreted by cells and stimulate inflammatory pathways.
Researchers have identified a new strategy for treating lupus by targeting an imbalance in prolactin receptors, reducing inflammatory molecules and kidney damage while preserving healthy immune cells. This approach could potentially control disease activity and reduce the risk of organ damage.
At the 13th World Congress on Targeting Microbiota, international scientists aim to translate microbiome research into evidence-based clinical applications. The event will cover topics such as microbial function, causality, and translation, with a focus on developing clinically useful applications.
The cGAS-STING pathway detects misplaced DNA and initiates innate immune responses, but also contributes to chronic inflammation and cancer. Precise targeting of the pathway may overcome its dual role, requiring precise control of its modulation, biomarker-based patient selection, and disease-specific treatment strategies.
Researchers found that hyperactive YAP and TAZ proteins increase PD-L2 expression, making cancer cells more recognizable to the immune system while also helping them evade immune attack. This combination may improve outcomes for patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Researchers found that pegylated interferon-α therapy significantly increases hepatitis B surface antigen clearance in different chronic hepatitis B infection groups, including nucleos(t)ide analogs-experienced patients and children. The therapy achieves high clearance rates in these groups, particularly in those with high baseline lev...
Researchers developed nanoparticles with a customized dose of cancer antigens that can provoke a strong immune response against tumors. By controlling the density of the antigens, they created a vaccine that prevents the development of colon tumors in mice, paving the way for personalized cancer vaccines.
The aorta is not a biologically uniform structure, with different regions influenced by immune cells that contribute to development, maintenance, and disease. Myeloid immune cells vary across regions, with some supporting repair and others contributing to inflammation and tissue remodeling.
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a complex, systemic syndrome with widespread pain, sensory hypersensitivity, and metabolic and autoimmune diseases. A new framework proposes precision diagnosis and treatment through a four-step, subtype-guided approach, aiming to restore axis homeostasis.
A Jeonbuk National University study found that PM2.5 exposure accelerates bone marrow stem cell aging and impairs regenerative function in diabetic mice, worsening liver injury and fat accumulation. Inflammation and oxidative stress play a key role in these effects.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center identified a new strategy to strengthen immune cells and improve their ability to kill cancer cells. Temporarily activating p53, a protein that prevents cancer, helps engineered immune cells resist exhaustion and improve their ability to kill tumor cells.
This review systematically elucidates the interconnected interplay between the tumor microenvironment and macroenvironment, regulating metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells. Emerging precision therapeutic strategies targeting metabolism, such as nanotechnology and exercise, are proposed to develop more effective holistic treatment str...
Researchers have identified CHI3L2 as a key regulator of skin inflammation in psoriasis, found to boost keratinocyte proliferation and promote an inflammatory state. Targeting CHI3L2 with neutralizing antibodies calmed skin inflammation in mouse models, offering previously unrecognized therapeutic avenues for psoriasis treatment.
Lupus patients have mutated immune cells that may spark internal self-attack and tissue damage, a potential clue to the disease's driving cause. The mutated cells, called neutrophils, have unusual errors in their RNA code, leading to the production of
Researchers mapped 5 million individual immune cells from 2,000 people, identifying nearly 1,500 genes linked to a range of diseases. The findings provide a detailed map of how genetic variation shapes the immune system, enabling targeted treatments and precision medicine.
A new phase 1 trial shows that preexisting immunity can boost viral counts and worsen symptoms in secondary dengue infections. Researchers found that individuals with high levels of anti-dengue antibodies against the nonstructural protein 1 had more balanced immune responses and lower viral counts.
A new study has found that combining medications dobutamine and norepinephrine during septic shock surgery can significantly lower the risk of acute kidney injury. The trial, which tracked 584 adult patients, showed that the drug combination cut the risk of severe kidney damage in half, reducing moderate to severe kidney injuries.
Research highlights the importance of gut microbiota in regulating various diseases, including intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders. The authors call for a shift from one-strain-fits-all approaches to personalized interventions based on host factors.
Researchers discovered a mutant form of STAT3 that causes a genetically dominant immunodeficiency by trapping the normal form. This study provides vital insight into the signaling pathway essential for human biology.
A research team found that donor-derived NK cells accelerate hematopoietic recovery and improve clinical outcomes in patients undergoing myeloablative conditioning. The study also showed that NK cells promote the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells towards granulocytic and megakaryocytic lineages.
Researchers at VIB-KU Leuven discovered that blocking specific interactions between immune cells and brain tumor cells can contain and make tumors easier to remove. This approach limits spread but does not shrink tumor size, opening a new therapeutic strategy for treating glioblastoma.
Researchers successfully transplanted pancreatic progenitor cells into developing fetuses via the placenta, detecting these cells in the pancreas after birth. However, cells in Pdx1-deficient recipients lacked a macroscopically detectable pancreas, highlighting the need for further investigation into their migration and differentiation.
Weaning stress causes broad transcriptional and translational remodeling in piglets, leading to increased translation efficiency of key inflammatory mediators. GC-rich codons and gut microbiota composition play a role in this process.
The NICHE-2 study demonstrates durable disease control with no disease recurrences in 111 patients with locally advanced mismatch repair-deficient colon cancer treated with short-course neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Circulating tumor DNA analysis reveals rapid molecular response to immunotherapy, with implications for treatment de-escalat...
A new analysis of clinical trial data highlights the delicate balance between preventing graft-versus-host disease and infections in stem cell transplant recipients. The study found that two immune-suppression treatments, cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus, have different effects on T cell immunity and the risk of complications. This rese...
Researchers at the University of Southampton have created a type of killer cell that can recall how to fight off respiratory diseases, offering a potential new approach to protecting against flu, colds, and RSV. This innovative technique aims to enhance the body's natural defense system, providing long-lasting protection against viruses.
A new digital twin model suggests that two out of nine FDA-approved drugs have the potential to slow preterm labor. The model, called Simulated Immunome Modeling of Clinical Outcomes (SIMCO), evaluates the impact of eight drugs on immune cell activity in pregnant and non-pregnant individuals.
A study reveals how peripheral macrophages persist in the brain after sepsis and contribute to long-term cognitive impairment. PTN signaling drives chronic neuroinflammation, and blocking early entry of these macrophages may represent a valuable intervention window.
A new study identifies an immune pathway that contributes to radiation-related lung damage and finds a potential strategy to block it. The study, published in Nature Communications, reveals that radiation reprograms rare immune cells called innate lymphoid cells, leading to inflammation that damages healthy lung tissue.
A research team at POSTECH developed an AI technology that analyzes genetic information from cancer patients to predict their response to immunotherapy. The study, published in npj Digital Medicine, outperformed biomarkers in predicting treatment response across four cancer types and six patient cohorts.
Researchers found that bee hives have a natural immune system that works to protect the bees, their offspring, and food supplies from disease. The system relies on the quality of resources available to create the hive's building materials, with hives in areas with diverse plant species showing stronger natural defences.
A large-scale study identified distinct antibody patterns up to 10 years before IBD diagnosis, offering insights into future disease course. Researchers found reduced antibody diversity and unique responses in individuals who later developed CD or UC.
Researchers propose a strategic framework for STING-targeted therapies, mapping agonists and delivery platforms to distinct tumor microenvironment phenotypes. Acute activation of the cGAS-STING pathway promotes antigen presentation and T-cell priming, while chronic activation drives immunosuppression and treatment resistance.
Researchers discovered a stress-responsive pathway linking brown fat and synovial fibroblasts to joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Stress activates IL-6, stimulating fibroblast-like synoviocytes to produce CXCL1, attracting neutrophils and reactivating joint inflammation.
The Phase 1b FURTHER trial revealed that firmonertinib achieved durable antitumor activity in patients with EGFR PACC-mutated non-small cell lung cancer, with 43% and 68% objective response rates at 160mg and 240mg daily doses, respectively. Patients with complete clearance of EGFR PACC mutations from their blood experienced higher res...
Recent advances highlight glutamylation's regulatory mechanism in ciliogenesis, neurodevelopment, cell division, and cytoskeletal organization. The modification also modulates innate immunity, cell-fate determination, and hematopoietic homeostasis in non-tubulin substrates.
Researchers at McMaster University discovered that a naturally occurring protein, interferon lambda, helps control viral infections, lowers inflammatory molecules, and strengthens immune responses. The protein appears to strike a balance between fighting viruses and reducing inflammation, offering a promising approach to future therapies.
In a groundbreaking study, researchers found that the immune system of mice relies on continuous signals from their gut microbiota to maintain immune competence after weaning. This discovery redefines postnatal immune maturation, highlighting the crucial role of microbiota in shaping the immune system.
UT MD Anderson Cancer Center has made significant advancements in cancer care, including the development of a covalent Werner helicase inhibitor, which showed promising antitumor efficacy in a Phase 1 trial. Additionally, a multicenter clinical trial found that tile-based radiation therapy improved tumor control and lowered the risk of...
The new website features a clean, intuitive architecture and interactive elements that streamline exploration of Gladstone's transformative discoveries. The site highlights the institute's core disease and technology areas, making complex scientific concepts more inviting for patients and the scientific community.
Researchers at IIT have developed a new technology that introduces a switch into CAR-T cells, controlling their activation in response to cancer cells. This switch allows for precise control over the therapeutic genes, reducing side effects and increasing effectiveness against melanoma and breast cancer.
Researchers developed an mRNA antibody therapy that can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and evade its escape mechanisms. The therapy, which combines structural engineering and mRNA technology, shows promise in protecting against emerging variants, including the XBB.1.5 and JN.1 variants.
Scientists discover aberrant antibodies in children with cancer, targeting DNA repair proteins, which may hinder normal repair and lead to cancer. The findings suggest a potential mechanism for pediatric cancer development and may lead to early screening and prevention.
UChicago Medicine launches a groundbreaking clinical trial testing a new personalized cell therapy for advanced solid tumors, including ovarian cancer and melanoma. The treatment uses specially engineered T-cell receptors to detect hidden cancer proteins, expanding the number of cancers that can be targeted.
Researchers found that breast milk antibodies can neutralize multiple respiratory viruses, including influenza, RSV, and adenovirus, in mouse models. The study suggests that these antibodies could be used to prevent seasonal influenza and pandemic responses.
Researchers developed a nano-activator that drives localized immune activation to eliminate tumors without complex antigen screening. The platform successfully remodeled the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and induced a durable, systemic immune memory.
Researchers developed an AI model, SPACER, that analyzes gene activity to understand immune cell recruitment to tumors. The tool reveals that local signals attract immune cells and mucins create physical barriers to keep them away, with potential implications for cancer therapies and autoimmune disorders.