Articles tagged with Immunology
Researchers identified Fab antibody fragments that target the IgE Cε2 domain, effectively stripping IgE from mast cells. The most potent Fab clones showed rapid efficacy in cellular assays and in vivo anaphylaxis models, demonstrating potential as a next-generation anti-allergy therapy.
The cGAS-STING pathway plays a crucial role in detecting cellular DNA, triggering type I interferons and cytokines, and modulating immune responses. Its therapeutic potential is being explored in cancer and various diseases, with promising preclinical evidence suggesting its potential as a target for next-generation immunotherapies.
Salk Institute scientists discover that dietary supplementation of the amino acid methionine protects infected mice against inflammation-related wasting, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and death. Methionine boosts kidney filtration, reducing circulating cytokine levels and improving disease outcomes.
Researchers found that TL1A, a key immune signaling protein, stimulates the growth of new white blood cells in the bone marrow, which then promote tumor formation in the gut. The study suggests that blocking TL1A activity could be an effective strategy to treat IBD and prevent associated colorectal tumors.
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center has made significant advancements in cancer care through its collaborative efforts between clinicians and scientists. These breakthroughs include an immune-targeting vaccine that shows promise in intercepting cancer in patients with Lynch Syndrome, a novel immunotherapy that demonstrate...
Researchers at the University of Missouri are developing AI models to accurately detect melanoma by analyzing images of skin abnormalities. The technology can help dermatologists identify cases that may require closer attention, leading to earlier treatment and improved health outcomes.
Researchers identified a distinct population of activated CD38+ HLA-DR+ CD8+ T cells that expands in patients at risk for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Tracking this subset can predict disease onset and guide treatment, with targeted therapy offering a promising avenue for precise intervention.
Researchers found identical bacterial strains in the mouth and gut of patients with advanced chronic liver disease, suggesting oral bacteria colonize the gut. These bacteria can damage the intestinal barrier, compromising gut health.
Salk Institute scientists found distinct disease courses and tolerance mechanisms in younger and older mice with sepsis, indicating a need for age-tailored therapies. The study suggests that future treatments may focus on controlling infection-generated damage rather than just targeting the pathogen.
A recent Buck Institute study revealed that spaceflight accelerates aging due to changes in immune cell composition and epigenetic markers. However, researchers also found evidence of intrinsic rejuvenation factors that can counteract these age-accelerating stressors.
Research reveals that fat located near the colon contains an unusually high number of inflammatory fat cells and immune cells, suggesting a unique function in communicating with the immune system in the gut region. This tissue may be an adaptation to the gut microbiome and could contribute to amplifying or sustaining inflammation.
Researchers identify a concrete biological mechanism that triggers MS, focusing on B cells and Epstein-Barr virus. This understanding may help guide future strategies to prevent or treat MS.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown interplay between wheat's resistance genes and fungal disease factors. The study found that powdery mildew fungus overcomes resistance by modifying recognized effectors, but a new approach could slow down its development by combining targeted resistance genes.
Scientists at VIB and KU Leuven discovered a molecular process that enables motor neurons to maintain protein production, which fails in ALS. By restoring protein synthesis in axons, they reduced disease-related damage in ALS models.
Researchers have discovered that feline infectious peritonitis virus infects a broader range of immune cells, including B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. The findings suggest that the virus can persist in these cells even after treatment, potentially leading to long-term immune problems.
Georgetown University researchers discovered a method to enhance the function of T cells, making them more effective in killing cancer cells. By inhibiting PARP, an enzyme that detects DNA abnormalities, scientists can boost the body's immune response against tumors.
Melanie Rutkowski's pioneering research may lead to novel immunotherapy treatments for ovarian cancer by understanding how faulty cellular signaling interacts with the microbiome. The grant aims to enhance immune system's ability to kill cancer cells and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers have developed a new way to boost the immune system's response to cancer by using specially engineered antibodies. The antibodies work by clustering multiple immune cell receptors, amplifying the signal that tells T cells to attack cancer cells.
A Mizzou researcher developed an antibody that attaches to and lights up EphA2 protein in cancerous tumors, allowing for non-invasive detection and identification of patients who can benefit from targeted treatments. This innovation could save time and money while advancing precision medicine.
Researchers discovered that GBS interacts with C. albicans, increasing the risk of severe and fatal infections in newborns and making standard treatments less effective. The co-infection can also reduce the effectiveness of existing GBS treatments.
Researchers found that male fish exposed to vitamin C and potassium perchlorate showed improved fertility and less damage to their testes compared to those exposed only to the chemical. The study suggests a potential safeguard for individuals regularly exposed to these chemicals, including military personnel.
A University of Toronto-led study has discovered a potential biomarker linked to multiple sclerosis disease progression that could help identify patients most likely to benefit from new drugs. The findings were validated in both mouse models and humans, suggesting a possible surrogate marker for leptomeningeal inflammation.
Two studies found that elevated bacteria levels in tumors weaken immune response, driving resistance to immunotherapy. Researchers are now exploring how to identify patients most likely to benefit from immunotherapy and develop targeted interventions to restore its effectiveness.
Researchers developed a soft, wireless implant that modulates the splenic nerve to restore immune balance in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. The device showed excellent biocompatibility and reduced inflammation in a rat model of chronic colitis.
Researchers discovered a mechanism allowing melanoma cancer cells to paralyze immune cells by secreting extracellular vesicles, which can disrupt immune cell activity and even kill them. This breakthrough has promising therapeutic implications, enabling strengthening of immune cells and blocking molecules that enable vesicle adhesion.
Research finds that oral bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with increased disability in multiple sclerosis patients. Studies suggest a potential 'oral-brain axis' where oral inflammation influences neuroinflammatory disease severity.
Recent advances in immunotherapy have transformed multiple myeloma treatment, offering durable survival benefits. Emerging targets such as regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages are being explored to enhance treatment efficacy.
A new study from Texas A&M University reveals that circadian disruptions change the structure of mammary glands, weaken immune defenses, and fuel aggressive breast cancer. Disabling an immune checkpoint molecule called LILRB4 helps restore the immune system's ability to fight back.
Researchers outline breakthrough strategies to address poor infiltration of CAR-T cells into solid tumor microenvironments. Vascular normalization and chemokine modulation enhance T cell penetration, while combination therapies with chemotherapy and oncolytic viruses amplify results.
A new class of engineered extracellular vesicles can induce antigen-specific regulatory T cells, potentially paving the way for next-generation therapies for autoimmune and allergic diseases. The system uses peptide-MHC complexes to display disease-relevant antigens, allowing for precise control over immune responses.
Researchers have identified an effective strategy to reduce structural liver damage and improve hepatic vascular function in cirrhosis. Blocking the PAF-R receptor can help rebalance immune and inflammatory responses within the liver.
Alveolar macrophages, once seen as peacekeepers in the lung, can actually fuel inflammation during allergic reactions. These cells send signals that attract other immune cells, leading to worsened allergic reactions and potentially life-threatening conditions like asthma.
Scientists have created a detailed single-cell map of asymptomatic dengue virus infections, revealing distinct immune responses that help protect individuals from the virus without symptoms. The findings could guide the development of safer and more effective dengue vaccines.
Research from the University of Basel found that individual genetic differences can make antibody-based therapies ineffective in some people. The study analyzed thousands of genetic sequences and discovered a large number of naturally occurring variations in amino acid sequences, which can render treatments ineffective.
Researchers have developed an ultrasensitive liquid biopsy platform to predict and monitor immunotherapy response in advanced cancer patients. The study shows that lower levels of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) at baseline are associated with better progression-free survival and overall survival.
A new artificial intelligence model, ImmunoMatch, predicts correct protein pairings within antibodies, potentially strengthening the immune system. This could lead to new therapeutic treatments for various diseases.
A new diagnostic method using AI and genetic information can accurately identify pneumonia in critically ill patients, distinguishing between infectious and non-infectious causes. The model has been shown to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use by over 80% and could lead to faster diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at UVA Health System discover how traumatic brain injury increases Alzheimer's risk and find a potential prevention strategy using a hollowed-out virus to deliver repair supplies. The approach could help limit neurodegeneration and potentially prevent other neurological diseases.
Researchers developed a new way to stimulate the immune system to attack tumor cells by blocking an immune checkpoint. They created multifunctional molecules called AbLecs, which combine a lectin with a tumor-targeting antibody, and showed they could boost the immune response to cancer cells.
A study by University of Zurich researchers has shed light on the mechanisms that maintain homeostasis with mucosal fungi. The team discovered that the fungus Candida albicans uses a toxin called candidalysin to survive in the mouth, and that interleukin 17-mediated immunity prevents it from growing out of control.
A novel diagnostic approach enables rapid detection of both antibiotic resistance and high virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae, a microorganism driving the global antibiotic resistance crisis. This breakthrough could support timely, targeted therapy and strengthen infection-control strategies in healthcare settings.
Researchers review how haplo-HSCT overcomes HLA barriers to restore immune homeostasis, with up to 30% GVHD rates reduced. Donor immune cells can be re-educated to accept recipients' bodies as 'self', highlighting a process of immune remodeling.
The study found that the investigational vaccine produced an immune response in 74% of participants and was safe and well-tolerated. A Phase 2 study is planned to evaluate the vaccine's efficacy, offering new hope for triple-negative breast cancer treatment.
MIT researchers have found a new way to create solid particles of highly concentrated antibodies, suspended in a solution, which can be injected using a standard syringe. This advance could make antibody treatments more convenient and accessible for patients, particularly older people with difficulty visiting hospitals.
Researchers develop comprehensive method to connect diseases with underlying genetic machinery, revealing intricate gene networks that influence complex traits. The new technique provides actionable insights into how specific genes affect cell functions, shedding light on biological mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
Research found that anxiety symptoms reduce circulatory NK cells and sub-populations, while insomnia symptoms decrease total NK cells. This could lead to impaired immune function and increased disease susceptibility.
A study by Van Andel Institute scientists found that reducing calorie intake helps cancer-fighting immune cells do their jobs more effectively. The researchers discovered that a low-fat, high-protein diet given once a day promotes the formation of ketones, which act as a cellular fuel for T cells to become more effective tumor fighters.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has funded seven new biomedical research collaborations, bringing together 14 renowned scientists to tackle pressing problems in human health. These interdisciplinary projects will accelerate discoveries and advance understanding of human biology and disease.
Researchers discovered that infant nasal organoids divide faster and have different cell types than adult ones, making them more susceptible to RSV infection. The findings suggest that infants' bodies respond with a less coordinated defense against the virus, leading to severe airway blockages and mucus production.
Researchers present phase 1 study results of rapcabtagene autoleucel, a rapid CAR-T cell manufacturing platform that reduced production time to under two days. The treatment showed a manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity, with complete remission rates ranging from 70% to 100% in patients.
NEJM Clinician curates highly relevant clinical insights from over 150 peer-reviewed journals to give physicians clear guidance without the noise. The weekly publication delivers summaries and commentary in a concise, 30-minute read, helping healthcare providers stay informed and confident in their decisions.
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant discoveries in the treatment of rare bile duct cancers, with zanidatamab showing promising results. Additionally, a study identified RASH3D19 as a target to overcome treatment resistance in KRAS-mutant cancers.
A new organ-on-a-chip platform recapitulates age-dependent immune responses, allowing for more accurate testing of cancer vaccines in older adults. The platform reveals functional differences in immune responses between young and old lymphocytes, which are not detectable with traditional 2D cultures.
Scientists created the first comprehensive map of neutrophils using next-generation sequencing technologies, revealing a stable architecture despite individual cells' short lifespan. This discovery opens new avenues for guiding immunity toward healing and facilitating translation to clinical studies.
A study from the Ragon Institute of Mass General Brigham, MIT and Harvard found that immune cells called CD8+ T cells play a crucial role in controlling HIV. Researchers discovered that having these CD8+ T cell features before treatment was most important for achieving remission.
Researchers at MIT discovered how an immune system molecule, interleukin-1 beta, triggers a brain circuit to shut down social behavior in mice. The study found that the molecule activates neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus, leading to social withdrawal and lethargy.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg discovered that grey seal milk contains approximately 33% more sugar molecules than breast milk, including unique and powerful compounds against disease-causing bacteria. These findings could lead to improved infant formula and potential applications in human health.
Researchers have discovered that rhesus macaques shed TIGIT from immune cell surfaces when exposed to plasmin, a natural enzyme involved in blood clot breakdown. This creates a soluble form of TIGIT that can still bind anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibodies, potentially leading to misleading safety and efficacy data for human trials.
Researchers discovered that the gut's epithelial cells can translate nerve signals into molecular instructions, such as cytokines, to coordinate immune responses. This system is closely linked to feeding behaviour and daily biological rhythms, suggesting a link between disrupted circadian patterns and 'civilisation diseases' like chron...
Researchers at LJI have discovered a cellular driver that leads to the development of tissue-resident memory T cells, which specialize in defending specific organs. The study found that GPR25 sustains TGF-\u00b2 signaling, promoting differentiation and transformation into these specialized immune cells.