The Arctic melt season has extended by seven and a half days since 1979, driven by sea ice forming later in the fall, with implications for the global climate system. The changing sea ice properties also impact the ecosystem, including the health of algae, which affects the entire food web and fisheries in the sub-Arctic and Arctic.
A new study at the University of Oklahoma is testing an interactive app called Connect2Care to increase prostate cancer screening among Black men in Oklahoma. The app provides culturally tailored education, guides users through at-home PSA testing, and connects them with medical professionals.
Researchers discovered a link between chronic pain and altered skull bone marrow activity, indicating a potential therapeutic target for this debilitating health problem. The study suggests that elevated translocator protein in skull bone marrow may be a key factor in chronic pain development.
A new study suggests iron helped scientists trace Earth's oxygen and also recorded the building of mountains and the rise of land plants. The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, provides a more nuanced way to interpret over 1.2 billion years of Earth's history.
A study found that nearly half of retail investors use GenAI to process financial information and inform investment decisions. Investors primarily use GenAI as a research assistant to make sense of complex financial data, with 74% believing it improves processing and 80% planning to continue using it. However, concerns about reliabilit...
Researchers develop a unified framework for understanding heat's behavior, revealing its physical memory in microscopic motion. The new theory tracks heat's memory at ultrafast times and nanoscale distances, providing a deeper understanding of its influence on heat flow.
Researchers found that fish raised by fathers were more bold, sociable, and adventurous, indicating paternal care influences adult behavior. Paternal care also affected brain gene expression, suggesting a long-term impact on the fish's behavior.
Salk Institute scientists found that maternal immune activation leads to epigenetic changes in mouse brains, increasing the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. These changes were particularly significant in areas of the genome associated with autism spectrum disorder.
Chen Shi has received the 2026 Kamide Lecture Award from the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society for his research on plasma turbulence and its role in generating supersonic solar wind. This recognition acknowledges his contributions to understanding space weather, which can impact satellites, communications, and other technologies.
A new Cornell University study found that folic acid does not increase toxic formaldehyde or DNA damage in the body, providing reassurance for cancer patients taking high doses. The study, published in EMBO Molecular Medicine, used blood samples from nine patients taking high dose folic acid and 15 patients not taking the supplement.
Researchers studied kids playing with AI toys, finding they exhibited curiosity, but also frustration and antipathy when toys failed to respond correctly. The toys' inability to engage in complex conversations led to kids testing their limits and even antagonizing them.
Researchers analyzed lobster forecasts from 1970s to 2020s, revealing the importance of considering historical and sociocultural contexts in forecasting the ocean's future. The study highlights the need for communication strategies that account for the social context of forecasts, particularly in fisheries management decisions.
Daraxonrasib demonstrated durable responses in pretreated patients with RAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer, with an objective response rate of 42% and median progression-free survival of 8.3 months. The therapy's safety profile, while notable, is considered manageable compared to chemotherapy options.
Dr. Zachary Grinspan has been awarded a $1.6 million CDC grant to research childhood epilepsy. The CEPIE study will combine data from various sources to determine the incidence of epilepsy in US children, identify types of epilepsy, and predict risk factors.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that a less-intensive combination of azacitidine and venetoclax was more effective in treating acute myeloid leukemia, with patients tolerating treatment better and spending less time in the hospital. The combination also led to more patients reaching stem cell transplantation.
The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology joins co-plaintiffs in suing the Trump Administration for shrinking Bears Ears National Monument, which lost nearly 3 million acres of national monument protections. The organization asserts that the President's proclamation reducing Bears Ears was illegal and violates the Antiquities Act.
Robotic liver and kidney transplant successfully performed on patient Darrell Bosworth, extending benefits of minimally invasive surgery to patients requiring both organs. The procedure, led by Dr. Adeel Khan and Dr. Jessica Lindemann, demonstrates feasibility of robotic approach for carefully selected patients.
Researchers found that exposure to fungal infections and bacterial products, such as lipopolysaccharides, can drive airway disease in severe asthma. Steroid treatment failed to correct airway dysfunction, highlighting the need for alternative therapies.
Researchers have discovered a critical signalling pathway that controls the timing of brain development, shedding new light on how neurodevelopmental disorders may develop. The study reveals the genetic processes that shape brain development and what happens when they become disrupted.
A study published in Neurology found that immigrants in Canada have longer intensive care unit (ICU) stays after a stroke, but were admitted to the ICU at similar rates as long-term residents. Researchers suggest possible reasons for the longer stays may include language barriers and differences in attitudes toward end-of-life care.
Cold and rain have the strongest short-term effects on bus use, while free fares and shelters can change the equation. Researchers analyzed hourly bus ridership across the Denver metropolitan area, finding that cold weather discourages bus use, but not as much for wildfire smoke or ozone warnings.
Duke University has received a $24 million award to develop foundational science for engineering systems to counter unmanned aerial attacks. The center, led by Miroslav Pajic, brings together experts in wireless systems, cybersecurity, and AI to develop tools and automated procedures for detecting, thwarting, and controlling enemy drones.
Researchers found that meal timing programs the liver's daily rhythms and can have serious metabolic and health consequences when out of sync. The liver uses food signals to activate metabolic pathways, which can conflict with the body's natural circadian clock, leading to health issues.
A University of Kansas law professor has analyzed the legal history of kissing, tracing its evolution from being viewed as property, contract, tort, and assault, to its current recognition as a form of consent. The study highlights the inconsistencies in laws and cultural values surrounding kissing, particularly in regards to same-sex ...
A new AI-assisted approach uses artificial intelligence to help novice users capture heart images and identify patients with aortic stenosis. The approach, presented in a study published in JAMA Cardiology, enables novice users to collect focused heart ultrasound images and analyze them for signs of moderate or greater aortic stenosis,...
The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize recognizes Dr. Huda Zoghbi and Dr. Adrian Bird for their groundbreaking work on epigenetic regulation in the nervous system. Their discoveries have led to new treatments for Rett syndrome, a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that affects girls and has previously been considered untreatable.
Lewis Lipsitz, MD, director of Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, joins Gerontological Society of America board to promote aging research and innovation. The institute conducts rigorous studies on age-related disease and disability, aiming to prevent, treat, and cure disease.
Scientists from Washington University in St. Louis are developing materials that can shake off biofouling organisms in water, a major concern for the US Navy and global shipping lines. The new system uses soft robotics and nontoxic polymers to create a self-healing multiphase coating that can detect and dislodge biofilms, potentially i...
The study categorizes homicides into single-victim, multi-victim, and mass fatalities, revealing distinct demographics and circumstances. Mass homicides more often involved non-Hispanic White victims and children, whereas single- and multi-victim homicides more often involved NH Black victims and acquaintances or friends as suspects.
A new study from the University of Mississippi and Texas A&M University demonstrates a simpler, lower-cost way to produce carbon-recycling catalysts at larger scales, addressing a major barrier to commercial adoption. The new catalyst could reduce the cost of recycling to $145 per ton, some $255 below the current market price.
The CATALYST project, funded by the European Union, aims to transform research culture by integrating proven reproducibility tools and practices into daily work. By targeting 15 departments across Europe, the project seeks to foster sustainable change and increase reproducibility.
Researchers at UMass Chan Medical School and the Marine Biological Laboratory identified four core clock genes controlling circadian rhythms in a crustacean, which also regulate circatidal behavior. The genetic system is highly malleable, allowing the tiny shrimp to maintain both a 24-hour and a 12.4-hour clock.
The new imaging system allows scientists to capture high-resolution fluorescence images in real time under normal room lighting, giving them a more complete picture of biological changes. SphynxVision can capture multiple images per second and reveal remarkably small details, such as tiny blood vessels and clusters of cancer cells.
A new study challenges decades-old assumptions about Alzheimer's disease pathology by identifying tau proteins' birthplace in dendrites. The research proposes that misfolded tau proteins are created locally in dendrites and eliminated by the neuroproteasome, shedding light on the early stages of tau pathology.
A UBC-led study finds that insects pose a more immediate threat to North American forests, with over 60% of areas projected to experience 30% more insect pressure by mid-century. Climate change and pests could jeopardize critical carbon sinks and air quality, costing billions of dollars in economic losses.
Researchers discovered 5 subtypes of liver disease, each with unique risks for heart disease, liver failure, and cancer. The study, published in Nature Communications, used genetic sequencing and clinical data to define distinct subtypes of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
A new method, called CW-Net, translates the reasoning process of an autonomous vehicle's AI system into understandable concepts that explain its behavior. CW-Net explains the decisions of machine learning-based planners using concepts like
A recent study shows how advanced optical imaging can reveal the metabolic activity of individual immune cells within a complex blood sample. Machine-learning algorithms were used to determine whether metabolic measurements alone could identify different immune-cell populations and detect immune activation.
A molecular brake in muscle architecture prevents T-tubule growth, maintaining muscle fibre coordination. The cortical actin network restricts membrane availability, allowing for controlled T-tubule formation.
Researchers at IIT Gandhinagar develop a gold nanorod-based platform for ER-targeted cancer treatment, combining targeted drug delivery with photothermal therapy. The approach induces ER stress-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in cancer cells.
A new study suggests that carefully selected patients with recurrent DIPG may experience longer survival and improved quality of life after receiving a third course of radiation therapy. The study analyzed 12 patients and found that median survival was 27 months, substantially longer than typically reported for DIPG.
A new study analyzing a large dataset reveals that cattle were initially more abundant than sheep, but sheep increased in the 7th century, driven by monastic farms and wool production. The economy shifted towards draught cattle in the 10th to 12th centuries, but then declined as demand for meat and milk grew
Researchers have uncovered the 3,500-year history of sheeppox virus in medieval manuscripts, including the York Gospels. The study found genetic evidence of the disease in animal skins used to make parchment, providing insights into its evolution and impact on past societies.
Research suggests that women's hormonal fluctuations during ovulation drive their desire for luxury goods, which may serve as a visible signal to attract mates. Studies found that women near ovulation prefer more conspicuous luxury products and display luxury in public, but not in private.
A clinical observational study found that individuals with severe sleep apnea have lower levels of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in their blood. This suggests that LL-37 could serve as a potential biomarker for poor sleep quality.
An international team has observed a distinctive change in the quantum properties of atoms as they fell under gravity, measuring a tiny difference in quantum phase accumulated while one was falling and the other was held still. This result provides an experimental connection between quantum physics and Einstein's theory of gravity.
Researchers identified microRNA-224 as a promising treatment target for pulmonary arterial hypertension, a rare disease that damages the blood vessels in the lungs and strains the heart. Blocking the molecule reversed key signs of the disease in animal models, improving blood vessel function and heart performance.
A new class of KRAS inhibitors has shown at least as much potential as FDA-approved MEK inhibitors in shrinking NF1 tumors, preventing new ones from forming, and extending survival in mice. The treatment has the potential to be less severe in terms of side effects, making it an attractive alternative or replacement for MEK inhibitors.
A new review highlights key knowledge gaps in Antarctic coastal observations, limiting estimates of ice loss and future sea-level rise. The authors emphasize the need for improved observations at a pan-Antarctic scale to predict future change.
The PAN2-PAN3 complex initiates mRNA degradation in early embryo development by trimming long poly(A) tails. Its deficiency causes transcript clearance failure, leading to developmental toxicity.
A KIT study reveals correlation between heat and demographic structure, with air and land surface temperature showing different patterns. The results indicate a clear spatial correlation between population structure and heat, with different demographics exposed to varying temperature levels in cities.
Australian engineers have created a strong and lightweight titanium material that floats in water, even after severe damage, revealing a promising new material for marine infrastructure. The 3D-printed titanium lattice is 70% stronger than stainless steel and withholds seawater exposure, making it suitable for jetties, buoys, and float...
A study finds that younger cohorts and regions with lower economic development will experience higher lifetime heatwave exposure under climate change. Climate change is widening inequalities between generations and regions, with younger people facing more frequent and intense heat extremes.
Advances in photonic instrumentation are reshaping Brillouin imaging capabilities, enabling dynamic imaging, three-dimensional measurements, and complex biological specimens. However, translating optical measurements into reliable biological interpretation requires rigorous interpretation of Brillouin observables.
Dissimilatory iodate-reducing microorganisms (DIRMs) inhabit marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) where oxygen is depleted, contradicting theoretical predictions. DIRMs reduce nitrate (NO3⁻) before iodate (IO3⁻), allowing them to thrive in OMZs.
The study projects that the total number of people with dementia will increase from 124,000 in 2018 to 216,000 by 2040, with those living at home potentially doubling to 170,000. The growth will be driven by an aging population and increased life expectancy.
Researchers found that teens use subtlety and systematized harm online, while adults often overlook. LGBTQ+ students, gender nonconforming students, and students from disadvantaged backgrounds are most likely to experience bullying. Social media becomes a primary way young people learn about diversity and create support systems.
Researchers have developed an injectable hydrogel microsphere system to enhance bone regeneration by creating a protective environment for bone-forming cells. The system, made of sodium alginate and black phosphorus, promotes faster bone healing and improves cell survival rates.
MRI revealed rare cervical cancer spread into the uterine corpus, which was confirmed by histopathology. The unusual pattern created diagnostic challenges and required careful individual assessment. The study highlights the importance of recognizing less typical imaging features in evaluating suspected cervical malignancy.
The study found that obese individuals exhibited bulging during global maneuvers, whereas non-obese individuals showed bulging only during a curl-up. Shear-wave elastography captured dynamic mechanical response of the abdominal wall, revealing fundamentally different biomechanical properties in obese versus non-obese individuals.
The loss of chromosome Y in hematopoietic cells is a biologically meaningful event with direct functional consequences for human health. Hematopoietic loss of chromosome Y is linked to various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative conditions, and cancer.
This review examines the dual effects of Bupleuri Radix through the gut-liver axis, revealing its hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. The review highlights the importance of saikosaponins, microbial biotransformation, and the gut-liver axis in understanding BR's biological activity and potential toxicity.
A new PET/MRI technique targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP) overexpressed in endometriosis accurately maps the extent of the disease, enabling personalized management and improving patient outcomes. The approach was particularly effective in regions of the pelvis and abdomen that are typically difficult to image.
Exosome-based therapies have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in promoting epithelial wound healing and reducing inflammation in corneal ulcers and dry eye disease. The therapies also show antifibrotic effects and potential as gene therapy delivery vehicles or modulators of cellular metabolism for corneal dystrophies.
A. Campbell Sullivan, a neuropsychologist, discovered a gap between treatment and science of ALS and dementia in her own family. She notes that advances in genetics and biomarker discovery are transforming research and care in ALS and FTD.
Professor Lady Black, a renowned forensic scientist, has been appointed Chancellor of Anglia Ruskin University, succeeding Lord Bernard Ribeiro. Her appointment coincides with the launch of the university's 10-year strategy, Transforming Lives, which aims to empower learning, drive discovery, and foster a culture of belonging and achie...
A new enzyme, named Pac-Man enzyme, has been discovered in bacteria that can break down certain polyesters and bioplastics, providing a potential solution to plastic pollution. This discovery suggests that microorganisms can adapt to plastic degradation more rapidly than previously thought, offering a turning point in the plastisphere.
Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia have discovered a protein, TG2, that contributes to arterial stiffening and inflammation linked to high blood pressure. By blocking TG2 activity, they found that inflammation can be reduced, potentially leading to more precise treatments for cardiovascular disease.
A new study from Saint Louis University found that autism diagnoses are rising fastest among girls and women, driven by increased awareness and diagnosis rates, not an epidemic. The study analyzed nearly a decade of health records and tracked sex-specific trends across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
A Boston University study analyzed 33 NFL players with confirmed CTE, revealing cognitive impairments in memory, executive function, language, and attention. The findings provide an important roadmap for recognizing CTE in living patients and highlight limitations of the NFL Concussion Settlement's testing program.
The study found that patients taking anifrolumab had lower rates of infections requiring hospitalization compared to those on conventional immunosuppressants. Anifrolumab also reduced the need for systemic antibiotics and increased the likelihood of viral infections, offering distinct benefits over conventional treatments.
Researchers at Heidelberg University have developed an open-access dataset to map and classify over 9 million kilometers of roads worldwide, capturing changes in road conditions over time. This dataset serves as an important indicator of socioeconomic development, particularly in data-scarce regions, and can be used for humanitarian ap...
Researchers propose an AI framework, called interoceptive AI, that uses internal states to inform learning and decision-making in dynamic environments. This approach treats internal conditions as a continuous source of context, influencing what an agent learns, prioritizes, and does.
Researchers found that maintaining old-growth forest bird populations requires a forest rotation period of at least 90 years or 10% clearcutting threshold. The study provides a concrete target for ecologically sustainable forest management, reconciling forest use with biodiversity protection.
A study found that older adults prefer chatbots that are authentic and responsive, rather than human-like, to provide companionship and support. The chatbot's ability to remember past conversations and adapt to user preferences is crucial for its success.
Researchers at the University of Basel have developed new drug combinations for liver cancer using mini-tumors, which retained key characteristics of the original tumor. The study identified several potent anti-tumor effects and combination therapies that could be effective despite significant biological differences between tumors.
Researchers propose Granzyme K as a critical pathogenic node in SLE, particularly in lupus nephritis, driving inflammation and tissue damage. GZMK activates complement, drives inflammation, and disrupts vascular integrity, making it a potential target for therapy.
The Josep Carreras Institute has joined BLOODPAC to advance liquid biopsy research and clinical implementation. As a member, the Institute will collaborate with leading partners to develop standards, validation protocols, and access the BLOODPAC Portal for knowledge sharing.
A team of researchers found that SARS-CoV-2's 3CLpro protease can cleave and disable influenza virus's NP and PA proteins, leading to rapid protein degradation and cytoplasmic mislocalization. This mechanism may have contributed to the decline of influenza cases during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A large-scale study found that forests damaged by windstorms remain vulnerable to subsequent bark beetle or snow damage, depending on forest structure, climate, and topography. Forests with mixed stands and warmer conditions are more prone to bark beetle damage, while those on steeper terrain require closer monitoring for snow damage.
Research reveals that subducted carbonates significantly boost davemaoite exsolution, concentrating the mineral to account for seismic impedance contrast. The findings demonstrate that subducted carbonates alter mineral phase equilibria, leaving distinct, long-lasting seismic signatures of deep carbon cycling within Earth's interior.
People with unresolved health concerns may experience invisible work to maintain productivity and stability, while uncertainty can unsettle taken-for-granted assumptions about the body, identity, and routines. The study highlights the importance of workplace and relational support in managing health uncertainty.
Plants use proprioception to control their posture and maintain a straight shape, utilizing tension wood as a muscle-like structure that can bend and straighten. This complex biological process is regulated at the cellular level and unfolds through several stages, governed by the plant's proprioception.
The congress featured over 1,750 sessions and 12 Hot Line sessions highlighting practice-changing findings in cardiovascular science. ESC Congress 2026 also released three clinical practice guidelines and the Fifth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction.
A new study from the University of Bath found that people with different political beliefs disagree on poverty definitions, with right-leaning individuals drawing narrower lines and left-leaning individuals adopting broader definitions. The research highlights the importance of understanding how people define poverty, as it shapes perc...
Astronomers at Lund University detected sodium gas variations in front of a young star, suggesting comets may transport water to inner planetary system regions. Comets' orbits were simulated, showing they can be flung towards the star by gas giants' gravitational pull, transporting volatile substances.
Researchers at BESSY II have discovered complex superstructures '29'Cu_xO, which form before pure copper oxide builds up. The oxidation state of copper in these superstructures is surprisingly close to the metallic state, contradicting conventional assumptions.
A €8 million Horizon Europe grant will fund a project to develop practical tools and a transferable framework for creating sustainable neighborhoods. The Regenerative Neighbourhood Design Tool will help communities play a more active role in planning decisions, using immersive AR and VR tools to model and evaluate designs.
Research reveals UBE2M's critical regulatory link to inflammation and innate immune pathway in KrasG12D driven non-small cell lung cancer. Simultaneous UBE2M deletion and KrasG12D activation causes severe inflammatory TME, shortening life-span and promoting tumor growth.
Researchers created Eu-doped infinite-layer nickelates using high oxygen pressure, revealing robust high-Tc superconductivity and reentrant superconductivity in both underdoped and overdoped regions. Rare-earth substitution provided an additional control knob, strengthening the superconducting state and enhancing pairing.
Researchers discovered a mitochondrial protein called ROMO1 that protects motor neurons from ALS-like degeneration. ROMO1 helps maintain healthy mitochondria in motor neurons, suggesting that mitochondrial damage may trigger motor neuron degeneration.
Adrian Bird and Huda Zoghbi's groundbreaking work on epigenetics in neurological diseases has reshaped scientists' understanding of brain disease. Their discoveries have inspired international efforts to develop genetic therapies for devastating conditions like Rett syndrome.
A new study reveals that hydrodynamic intensity, not water temperature, is the primary driver of macroinvertebrate biodiversity and community assembly in high-altitude alpine rivers. The study found that taxa richness consistently followed a unimodal pattern to hydrodynamic intensity, peaking under moderate hydrodynamic intensity.
Scientists at MIT have shown that a neutrino laser, proposed to produce a concentrated beam of neutrinos, is impossible due to recoil and fermionic nature. The research demonstrates that the concept, previously thought to be plausible, is fundamentally flawed.
Researchers at Helmholtz Munich developed Synthetic Transfer Vehicles (STVs), an entirely new class of RNA transporters. STV-C8 is the most efficient candidate, transporting RNA far more efficiently than traditional lipid nanoparticles. In animal models, STV-C8 demonstrates effective delivery and expression of RNA in a living organism.
Lumos Labs has launched the Lumosity Research Platform, offering cognitive assessments, digital training interventions, and real-world data for researchers. The platform is designed to support large-scale randomized controlled trials and advance cognitive science.
A new AI framework, Perspective, provides a structured approach to explaining complex patterns in AI predictions, enabling researchers to test hypotheses and improve designs. By revealing the underlying relationships, XAI can support discovery, optimisation, and certification for AI in high-stakes fields.
A new study challenges the idea that plants cannot grow rapidly while tolerating water stress, finding exotic conifers in the Southern Hemisphere grow up to four times faster and are more resistant to drought. Carbon reserves and absence of natural enemies in the Southern Hemisphere may be key factors contributing to this advantage.
Serial ketamine infusions have been found to be well-tolerated and significantly effective in treating treatment-resistant bipolar depression, with antidepressant effects comparable to midazolam. The study's results provide promising hope for patients struggling with this condition, highlighting ketamine as a potential therapeutic option.
Researchers found over 1,200 genetic variants associated with Big Five personality traits, which also predict life outcomes such as health, education, and career paths. The study suggests an interconnected relationship between genetics and the environment, with environmental factors reinforcing and shaping personality traits.
A new study found that men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer who replaced saturated and animal fats with unsaturated and plant-based fats had a lower risk of death. Replacing about 10% of daily calories from animal fat with plant-based fat was associated with a 16% lower rate of death.
A matched case-control study of 29 case and 290 control participants found HLA-A*32:01 strongly associated with lamotrigine-induced DRESS. This association may help identify patients at risk for this severe reaction, which is currently not accounted for in commercial pharmacogenomic panels.
A genetic marker already used to flag risk of vancomycin reaction also identifies patients at risk of lamotrigine reaction, but is missing from gene panels. HLA-A*32:01 is associated with a 16.4-fold higher odds of lamotrigine-induced DRESS, but a negative result does not rule out risk.
Researchers mapped the brain cells in the electrosensory lobe of African weakly electric fish, revealing a balance between fast and slow changes to cell connections. This balance allows the fish to filter out electrical interference and continually learn and adapt, shedding light on how biological brains learn throughout life.
Researchers found that GLP-1 treatment improved muscle and cognitive function, and reduced hallmarks of natural aging in older mice. The treatment also extended lifespan by nearly 100 days, suggesting a potential therapeutic route for slowing physiological aging.
Scientists have discovered chimeric mRNAs that produce previously unknown proteins, expanding the human genome and proteome. These proteins may play important roles in various bodily systems and contribute to disease processes, offering new insights into challenging diseases and potential drug targets.
A team from INRS identified three bacterial strains that delay disease symptoms, reduce disease severity, and promote plant growth. The strains may belong to a previously unrecognized lineage, offering new avenues for research into beneficial plant-associated microorganisms.
A Linköping University study of 58,000 people found that level of education is the strongest socio-economic factor linked to survival rates after acute hip surgery. Higher education was associated with lower mortality rates, while lower education was linked to higher mortality rates.
Female Dotterels travel long distances to secure multiple mates, contradicting the traditional view of birds' migrations. They often visit three to five sites, with the most wide-ranging bird covering 1,343 km, before returning to a final site for an extended stay.
Researchers from Shinshu University discovered that pterostilbene, a natural polyphenol, stabilizes PPARδ, enhancing fatty acid oxidation and promoting lipolysis in skeletal muscle cells. This finding has potential implications for developing functional foods and nutritional supplements to target muscle fat metabolism.
A new study from MIT Sloan School of Management identifies the most effective ways businesses can use and benefit from AI personalization. Researchers found that specific pairings of human and AI personalities can significantly improve ad quality and performance, with text quality increasing click-through rates and decreasing costs per...
Insilico Medicine has released state-of-the-art (SOTA) MMAI specialist models for chemistry and biology, achieving superior performance on over 70 benchmark tasks. These models demonstrate the potential of language models to compete with dedicated scientific methods in drug discovery.
The XENON Collaboration detects low-energy solar neutrinos with unprecedented precision, expanding our understanding of neutrino physics and the search for dark matter. The observation demonstrates the power of advanced technologies in rare event physics, enabling new windows into the universe.
A Murdoch University study found that 56% of cooked shark products sold in Western Australian fish and chip shops are labelled ambiguously or incorrectly. DNA testing identified 16 different species, including 11 shark species, highlighting the need for stronger seafood labelling requirements.
The PACMAN AI framework successfully tested in five real-world experiments, making decisions in milliseconds and surpassing human reaction time. The framework combines multiple machine learning models to monitor and control different aspects of the fusion system, enabling real-time control and safety.
Researchers found that administrative support is beneficial for teachers, but high levels of student violence weaken its impact. Supportive leadership is crucial for teacher well-being, but it's not enough to prevent turnover due to classroom violence.
Researchers have identified three beneficial bacteria that not only delay the onset of tomato bacterial canker but also promote plant growth. These microbes, including Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas marginalis, have shown promise in treating the disease and improving plant health.
Researchers at EMBL Barcelona have developed a method to grow self-organising bovine tissues containing muscle, nerve, and blood vessel cells from bovine embryonic stem cells. This breakthrough provides a powerful model for understanding muscle development and tissue engineering, and lays important groundwork for building more complex ...
A new framework jointly optimizes UAV trajectories and FANET topology to maximize data transmission, outperforming existing methods in field experiments and simulations. The approach enables more efficient and reliable multi-UAV missions for environmental monitoring and other applications.
A new study from the University of Colorado Boulder reveals how the brain's defense mechanism can backfire, forming micro-clots that damage tissue after the original clot is gone. This phenomenon, known as no reflow, affects up to 50% of stroke patients and can lead to long-term disability or death.
Researchers at University of California San Diego have demonstrated that one of biology's most essential enzymes can accurately read and transcribe an expanded, eight-letter genetic alphabet. This breakthrough advances synthetic biology and could allow scientists to create new biological systems and diagnostic tools.
Research suggests that mental health conditions, including PTSD, substance abuse, and depression, can increase the risk of future cardiovascular risks such as heart attacks, strokes, and cardiovascular death. Alcohol abuse was found to be the top psychiatric predictor of serious heart and brain conditions for both men and women.
Experts warn that common narratives about polarisation are overgeneralised and often based on evidence from the US alone. The study calls for a global literature on political polarisation to be a fundamental goal, emphasizing the need for country-dependent solutions to address the growing polarisation challenges of social media and AI.
A new additive, 2-aminobenzothiazole, enhances the efficiency and longevity of tin perovskite solar cells by regulating crystallization, reducing trap formation, and inhibiting tin oxidation. This study shows a substantial increase in solar cell performance and improved device stability.
A research team from Chiba University developed a flexible bio-based plastic that can be chemically converted into fertilizer after use, improving environmental sustainability. The plasticizer improves the flexibility of the plastic, increasing its potential for future applications.
Researchers have developed a human engineered heart tissue model of diastolic heart failure, enabling treatment testing with SGLT2 inhibitors, which partially prevented disease development. The model demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects of SGLT2i, improving ion exchanger function and preventing accumulation of ions in tissues.
Researchers developed a low-cost touch interface that recognizes finger movements and users, using a single-electrode design and triboelectric effects. The interface can be created by printing patterns onto a PVC sheet with a laser printer and can recognize complex inputs, including alphabet characters and user authentication.
A real-world observational study found no significant survival benefit from post-surgery immunotherapy in NSCLC patients with pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. The study suggests that these patients may already derive the maximum benefit from neoadjuvant therapy alone.
A new species of leafless flowering plant, Thismia daemona, has been discovered in Thong Pha Phum National Park in western Thailand. The species, which belongs to the genus Thismia, is critically endangered due to its limited population size and fragile habitat.
A new study shows that administering cell immunotherapy before surgery to remove a brain tumour is significantly more effective than administering it afterwards. CAR-T cells were able to neutralize tumor cells and immune suppression, leading to unprecedented durable tumour control.
Researchers found that aerobic exercise alters regional brain activity patterns during cognitive tasks, while task repetition influences efficiency. In older adults, a positive correlation was observed between decline in brain activity and task performance, suggesting linked changes in task processing.
A scoping review found that only 77 studies validating 52 medical AI products reported demographic data, highlighting the need for more transparent reporting to confirm safe and unbiased performance. The review also showed that performance reporting for demographic subgroups is inadequate, posing a risk to patient care and outcomes.
Research in Germany found that birdsongs with narrower bandwidths and greater complexity are perceived as more pleasant, with blackbirds' songs considered most attractive. Pleasantness is also influenced by personal taste, but not by knowledge of birds.
A scoping review highlights the inconsistencies in documenting menopause symptoms and status in EHR systems, leading to gaps in quality clinical treatment, research, and positive health outcomes for midlife women. Standardized menopause data elements are crucial to advancing menopause care.