Articles tagged with T Lymphocytes
A new study links ß-defensin 2 to the adaptive immune response, which combats pathogens that evade innate defense mechanisms. Researchers hope to incorporate ß-defensin 2 into cancer vaccines to promote tumor-destroying cell growth and improve patient response.
Researchers induce leukemia cells to change behavior and stimulate immune system, killing significant numbers of leukemia cells in a 3-step process. The approach has shown strong killing effect against AML cell lines but not other types of cancer, with potential for safe transfer back into patients.
A UCSF study found that macrophages from human lymphoma patients can cause mouse lymphoma when injected into mice. This contradicts the current understanding of macrophages' role in fighting disease. The researchers believe HIV-infected macrophages can become neoplastic and stimulate lymphoma growth.
A new therapy boosts the immune system's targeted assault on tumors, shrinking melanoma in human patients. The approach involved suppressing the patients' immune systems to make room for new cells that attacked and killed tumor cells.
A new genetically engineered mouse model shows how pieces of captured germs are carried to the surface of dendritic cells via long tubules. This process improves the efficiency of the immune response by alerting T cells to kill invading germs.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a peptide treatment that inhibits experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and suppresses the onset of multiple sclerosis-like symptoms. The treatment targets T cells by binding to CD80, preventing their activation and expansion in disease.
A new study suggests that growth hormone therapy can significantly enhance human thymic function and increase the production of new T cells in HIV-infected patients. This could potentially help preserve and restore their immune systems. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and ensure the benefits outweigh the risks.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute suggest administering an injection of fresh T cells after chemotherapy or irradiation to increase anti-tumor effect. This approach could potentially reduce collateral damage and improve treatment outcomes for various cancers.
The LAT protein is essential for T-cell activation and a normal immune response. Mutations in the protein can lead to unbalanced signaling pathways, potentially causing autoimmune disorders.
Researchers found that naltrexone increased the antiviral activity of AZT and indinavir when added to cell cultures containing these drugs. Naltrexone targets infected cells rather than the virus itself, a novel approach to HIV treatment.
Researchers analyzed muscle biopsies from patients with polymyositis and sarcoid myopathy to identify key cell surface receptors involved in T-cell adhesion and migration. The study used MelTec's MELK technology to map protein networks in whole, intact cells, providing new insights into disease mechanisms.
A new type of dendritic cell has been found to prevent diabetes in mice by causing T cells to die rapidly. In a study, researchers treated mice with this special dendritic cell and found that half remained diabetes-free at one year.
Researchers discovered two mechanisms by which adenoviruses establish persistent infections: interfering with apoptosis signaling and preventing apoptosis through the Receptor Internalization and Degradation complex. This knowledge could improve the usefulness of adenovirus vectors in gene therapy.
Dr. Pandelakis Koni has developed an animal model to study autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes, by selectively stopping the immune response. The mouse model allows researchers to understand how dendritic cells trigger the immune system and develop strategies to prevent autoimmunity.
Researchers have developed a mouse model to study the transmission of cell-associated HIV in women, finding that hormonal treatments and agents disrupting lipid rafts can prevent infection. The study reveals the importance of understanding cell-associated HIV transmission for developing effective prevention strategies.
Researchers found that proteins produced by melanocytes trigger attacks on immune cells, leading to hair loss. The discovery could pave the way for more effective treatments for alopecia areata.
Two independent studies show that HIV infection increases T-cell death and proliferation, leading to a decline in CD4+ T cells. The accelerated division of existing T cells contributes to the immunodeficiency associated with HIV, rather than blocking new cell production.
Researchers at Rotterdam University Hospital develop genetically engineered T cells to target kidney cancer. The therapy combines the cellular immune system with the humoral immune system, offering a promising treatment option for patients with metastases.
A new study reveals that HIV-specific CD4+ T cells persist in infected individuals, but high virus levels suppress their proliferative response. The research provides clues on how the virus manipulates the immune system for its own survival and challenges the notion of long-term nonprogressors.
Researchers developed a dendritic cell-based vaccination that targets opportunistic fungal infections, offering hope for prevention and treatment of these infections. The vaccine demonstrated promise in preclinical studies, paving the way for further investigation and potential clinical implementation.
Researchers found that gamma-delta T cells play a crucial role in local immunity and can kill tumor cells by expressing NKG2d protein. In contrast, alpha-beta T cells surprisingly promote skin cancer development and progression in models of skin cancer.
Research in aplastic anemia reveals crucial insights into immune system dysfunction and potential therapeutic targets. Patients with aplastic anemia display impaired T cell responses, indicating a critical link between immunodeficiency and disease progression.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have identified a protein that clears viruses from neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem but not those in the cerebral cortex. The study suggests that different combinations of antibody and T-cell immunity may be needed to control infection and recovery from encephalitis.
The study identifies six transcripts whose up- or down-regulation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) parallels the changes seen in anergic cells. Calmodulin suppression in RA is consistent and dramatic, suggesting a link between anergic cells and disease-associated T cells.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine has found that gamma/delta T cells are essential for regulating airway hyperresponsiveness, which is characterized by an exaggerated response to stimuli. The research suggests that these cells have a suppressive effect on airway constriction and may be a key target for future treatments.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found the gene MRP4 is responsible for drug resistance in HIV patients, leading to lower drug concentrations and increased virus replication. This discovery could lead to developing new therapies to fight HIV infection and other diseases.
National Jewish researchers identified the specific peptide, ND1, on MHC molecules that controls positive selection of T cells. This discovery helps expand understanding of how the immune system develops and may lead to new treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
A study published in Nature Medicine found that silent HIV infections can persist for decades, making long-term medication necessary. Researchers discovered that patients taking strict anti-HIV regimens could keep the virus suppressed and experience no symptoms of AIDS, highlighting the importance of adherence to therapy.
Researchers have found that temporarily blocking sex hormones can boost the immune system of people with HIV, cancer, and those who have received immunosuppressive treatments. The study suggests that drugs that suppress sex hormone production may help restore immune function and combat diseases.
Researchers at UCSF found that patients with HIV who undergo aggressive therapy have a robust response to cytomegalovirus, which causes blindness in people with AIDS. This suggests that CD4+ T cells replenished by therapy can mount effective responses against specific pathogens.
Natural T cells are specialized cells that are part of white blood cells and help the body fight disease. Researchers at Penn State's College of Medicine have discovered that CD1d1 associates with glycolipids to transduce signals that 'turn-on' natural T cells, which helps the body fight disease.
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic technique to measure T cell proliferation rates in AIDS patients, revealing that the body's capacity to form new cells is key to T cell counts. The technique allows for personalized treatment optimization and real-time disease monitoring.
A new study reveals that tissue macrophages play a critical role in triggering the production of HIV in patients with AIDS, leading to increased virus levels despite declining CD4 T cell counts. This finding highlights the importance of controlling opportunistic infections to slow the cycle of virus production.
Researchers found that rush immunotherapy targeting a single allergen makes distinct changes in T cells and prevents allergic reactions. The study showed that T cells produce more interferon gamma, an element that lowers allergic responses, and shut off production of pro-allergic cytokines.