Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
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Researchers have discovered a new mechanism underlying resistance to targeted lung cancer drugs Iressa and Tarceva. A new class of irreversible inhibitors can overcome these structural changes, offering hope for patients with resistant tumors.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered a novel anti-leukemia drug, PD166326, that is nearly 100 times more potent than the current treatment, Gleevec. The study shows the new drug effectively inhibits mutated enzyme activity and reduces white blood cell count in mice with leukemia.
Researchers developed disease models using yeast to test resistance to atovaquone and created a practical tool to design new anti-malarial drugs. This study provides the first quantitative explanation for malaria's drug resistance, enabling the development of new treatments within 3-5 years.
A randomized trial in Uganda found a six-dose regimen of co-artemether significantly reduced gametocyte levels and mosquito infectivity. However, limitations include patient compliance and absorption issues.
A recent study has found that a combination of artemether-lumefantrine to be highly effective in treating malaria in children aged 4-59 months. The treatment showed an impressive success rate of over 96% in a Tanzanian trial, paving the way for its potential use as a substitute for failing therapies in African countries.
Scientists have developed a new compound, AMN107, that shows promise in overcoming resistance to Gleevec, a highly successful leukemia treatment. In studies, AMN107 was found to be at least 20 times more potent than Gleevec against most resistant mutants, offering a potential cure for patients with acquired drug resistance.
Researchers have reported encouraging results with the novel drug AMN107, which is showing an increasingly strong benefit as doses are raised. Over 90% of patients with earlier stage Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) have achieved a hematologic response, and over 70% of those in advanced stages have also benefited.
Researchers have discovered a compound derived from Chinese medicine that works to regulate a protein called Bcl-xL, which is overexpressed in cancer cells. The compound, (-)-gossypol, has been shown to induce programmed cell death in head and neck cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy.
Researchers identified 45 genes linked to leukemic cells' ability to resist treatment by at least two of the most widely used antileukemic drugs. The study found a poor prognosis for patients with cross-resistant ALL cells.
A recent study identified specific genetic signatures associated with treatment failure and chemotherapeutic cross-resistance in pediatric leukemia. The researchers found that expression of certain genes was linked to inferior treatment outcomes, providing new targets for overcoming de novo multiple-drug resistance.
A recent study by VUMC researchers confirms a dramatic spread of MRSA in the noses of healthy children, with 9.2% positivity rate, up from 1% three years ago.
A study of 431 injection drug users found that medically supervised safer injection facilities reduced syringe sharing, particularly among younger users and those who binge-drug. The findings suggest that such facilities can play a role in reducing harms caused by injecting drug use.
Mutations in the EGFR gene are more common in people with lung cancer who never smoked, and these mutations may predict a dramatic response to certain drugs. The study's findings suggest two distinct molecular pathways involved in lung cancer formation, one affecting smokers and the other non-smokers.
A six-month study led by Helen Mayberg found that deep brain stimulation improved mood and reduced symptoms in severely depressed patients, with three achieving remission. The procedure was well-tolerated, with no psychological side effects reported.
Researchers found that tumors developing secondary resistance to Tarceva and Iressa had an additional EGFR mutation, rendering the drugs ineffective. The discovery highlights the need for alternative targeted therapies for patients with KRAS mutations.
Scientists found that tumors from six patients with non-small cell lung cancer who initially responded to gefitinib or erlotinib but relapsed carried activating mutations in the EGFR gene. The resistant tumor cells also carried a second mutation in the EGFR gene, which causes resistance to these drugs.
Researchers found that most HIV 'blips' detected through intensive sampling were not associated with clinical significance or demographic factors. Blips were marginally linked to self-reported nonadherence, but no new drug resistance mutations were identified.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that HIV 'blips' in viral load are mathematical artifacts caused by test variations, not signs of drug resistance. The study reassures patients on HAART therapy that their medications haven't failed and provide a better understanding of when to worry about blips.
Researchers found that 'blips' in HIV treatment were not clinically significant and did not lead to drug resistance. The blips were attributed to random statistical fluctuations rather than ongoing viral replication or developing resistance.
Researchers have developed a new compound, AMN107, that effectively blocks proliferation of Bcr-Abl dependent cells in CML patients. The drug has been shown to inhibit growth of cells expressing resistant mutants and prolongs survival in imatinib-resistant CML mouse models.
Researchers have discovered a new leukemia drug that can overcome all forms of Gleevec resistance, a significant breakthrough for patients with advanced CML. The drug, ON012380, blocks a different site in the BCR-ABL protein and induces cell death in all known Gleevec-resistant mutants.
Researchers identified adherence to medication regimen as key factor in developing HIV drug resistance. High adherence levels were associated with faster development of resistance, emphasizing the importance of strict medication adherence in maintaining treatment efficacy.
A recent study found that a strain of E. coli responsible for drug-resistant urinary tract infections was likely acquired from contaminated food animal sources. The researchers analyzed nearly 500 specimens and discovered one-quarter were microbiologically indistinguishable from human strains, highlighting the risk of foodborne illnesses.
The new compound BMS-354825 successfully overcomes Gleevec resistance in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, showing an 85% success rate in phase I clinical trials. Researchers believe the drug's unique mechanism of action may provide a solution to this common problem.
Researchers have discovered that BMS-354825 and AMN107 can effectively treat patients with leukemia who are resistant to Gleevec therapy. The studies found remarkable activity in these novel compounds, with high response rates and improved survival outcomes.
Researchers have identified significant differences in brain chemistry between people with and without bipolar disorder using MR spectroscopy. The study's findings suggest that this imaging tool may help distinguish bipolar disorder from major depression, improving treatment outcomes.
UT Austin researchers found that fruit fly exposure to benzyl alcohol increases slo gene activity, leading to tolerance and increased resistance. This study provides potential targets for anti-addiction drugs.
A Ugandan clinical trial has identified the most effective drug combinations for treating malaria in Africa, with amodiaquine+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine proving to be a highly efficacious and economical option. The findings highlight the need for continued research into artemisinin-combination therapies in African field conditions.
A new study suggests that increased selenium levels in the blood are associated with a lower risk of developing colorectal adenoma recurrence. The research pooled data from three randomized trials and found that participants in the highest quartile for blood selenium levels had a 34% decreased risk of developing a new adenoma.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that new-generation antipsychotics olanzpine, quetiapine, and risperidone can induce insulin resistance in children, even at moderate doses, leading to increased risk of Type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
Researchers explored strategies to combat HIV-1 protease resistance, a key factor in treatment failure. The study identified novel approaches to inhibit the enzyme, offering potential solutions to overcome drug resistance and improve treatment outcomes.
A recent study has identified previously unknown mutations in the pfrct gene as key players in Plasmodium falciparum's resistance to halofantrine and amantadine. These mutations may also restore sensitivity to chloroquine, a widely used antimalarial drug. The findings suggest a new approach to combating chloroquine-resistant malaria.
A study of Japanese children with influenza treated with oseltamivir found nearly 20% produced mutant drug-resistant viruses within four days. The study highlights the risk of rapid emergence of resistant flu viruses, threatening a line of defense against deadly diseases.
A Japanese study found that neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir-resistant viruses emerged more frequently in children treated for influenza, posing a potential risk of transmission. The research also highlights the need for further investigation into the mechanisms of resistance to prevent and treat future pandemics.
Researchers at McGill University have made a groundbreaking discovery that patients can be infected with more than one type of HIV, which poses significant challenges for treatment and management. The study's findings, published in the August issue of AIDS, suggest that existing drug cocktails may need to be tailored accordingly.
Researchers identified a key mechanism of trastuzumab resistance, highlighting the importance of PTEN activation and PI3K pathway activity. PTEN-deficient breast cancers show poorer responses to trastuzumab, while inactivation of PI3K rescues cells from resistance.
Scientists warn of international spread of antimalarial drug resistance, tracing mutations to South East Asia and recommending screening of passengers from affected regions. Artemisinin-based combination therapy may help slow the spread, but a coordinated global response is needed.
Researchers found four groups of genes with distinct expression patterns in leukemia cells sensitive or resistant to specific drugs, significantly related to treatment outcome. The study identified 123 previously unrecognized genes associated with drug resistance, representing potential targets for new agents.
Researchers have identified a new compound, BMS-354825, that successfully sidesteps the problem of Gleevec resistance in some patients. The compound prolongs survival of mice with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and inhibits the proliferation of bone marrow progenitor cells resistant to Gleevec.
A study published in Science reports the effectiveness of a new compound, BMS-354825, against Gleevec-resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) cells. The compound targets secondary mutations that allow cancer to evade therapy, offering hope for patients who have relapsed on Gleevec.
FUZEON shows significant benefits in health improvements and reduced side effects for HIV patients, yet many are missing out due to fear of injection. Physicians and nurses play a pivotal role in educating patients on optimal use of FUZEON.
Scientists have defined the protein components of DNA repair machinery that allows it to recognize and correct mismatches. The system uses a clamping mechanism to regulate an enzyme that excises faulty DNA strands.
Researchers have made progress in understanding the mechanisms of HIV drug resistance, particularly with tenofovir and the DAPY compounds. These drugs approach the problem of resistance in different ways, targeting reverse transcriptase enzyme or molecular machine used by the AIDS virus.
Researchers have discovered a promising treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizer that reduces excess androgen levels and improves menstrual cycles. The study showed significant benefits in insulin resistance and ovarian function, offering new hope for women with PCOS.
Researchers found tamoxifen stimulates tumor growth in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells due to estrogen agonist activity. Combining tamoxifen with growth factor pathway inhibitors like gefitinib may help overcome resistance, according to a new study.
Pharmacogenomics has the potential to improve health outcomes and reduce costs by identifying genes that govern drug responses. However, conducting clinical trials with pharmacogenomic studies poses challenges due to multiple genetic influences and interactions with other drugs.
The company has achieved an industrial world record by producing second-generation superconducting wires with high amperage electrical current and virtually no resistance. This technology can increase the efficiency of large electric motors by up to 50% and enable smaller, more powerful magnetic resonance imaging machines.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center report successful treatment of six HIV-positive children using customized medication regimens created through genotype analysis and a web-based algorithm tool. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of a salvage therapy approach in managing drug-resistant HIV infection.
A peptide, MUC7 12-mer, has shown promise for treating drug-resistant fungal strains. When combined with a protease inhibitor cocktail, its anti-microbial action was significantly increased.
A new analysis of FUZEON data found that it does not increase lipodystrophy or glucose levels in pre-treated HIV patients. The treatment also showed a lower incidence of diarrhoea compared to other ARV regimens.
A new study found that nitroglycerin can cause long-term blood vessel damage in rats, leading to increased risk of heart disease and mortality. The drug's ability to dilate blood vessels was found to be short-lived, with mitochondria producing free radicals that can damage heart cells and blood vessel walls.
The Lancet article reveals that inadequate funding for effective treatments like ACT is contributing to the increase in global childhood malaria deaths. Inappropriate drug distribution by WHO and GFATM is being criticized for wasting international aid money and potentially killing patients.
A team of researchers identified a molecular mechanism driving drug resistance in prostate cancer, revealing that hormone-refractory cells develop an altered androgen receptor. The findings suggest that even low levels of testosterone can activate these receptors, leading to the conversion of anti-androgen drugs into agonist drugs.
Researchers found that starting with a combination of zidovudine, lamivudine, and efavirenz resulted in delayed failure of subsequent regimens and lower risk of drug resistance. The study suggests using sequential three-drug regimens may be more effective than four-drug treatments for treating first-time HIV recipients.
Breast cancer tumors that become resistant to tamoxifen over-produce a protein called MTA-1, which can be used to predict treatment outcomes and guide therapy selection. Testing for MTA-1 prior to treatment may help devise more aggressive strategies to combat breast cancer.
The European Parliament calls on Eastern European countries to share knowledge and resources to combat HIV resistance. FUZEON, a new treatment, has been shown to reduce HIV levels and increase CD4 cell counts in patients with drug-resistant strains.
Researchers identified a key process in malaria infection involving G proteins in red blood cells, which can be blocked with beta-blockers to prevent parasite entry. By targeting this process, new approaches for treating malaria may be developed using existing drugs.
Research at UCSF found that patients taking 80% or more of their antiretroviral medications developed twice as many resistance mutations as those taking less than 40%. Despite this, excellent adherence remains the best way to prevent HIV/AIDS and prolong life with resistant virus.
A study of 2,466 HIV-positive adults reveals that 53% use alternative medicine, often without informing their doctors. This can lead to adverse interactions with conventional treatment and increased risk of treatment failure.
Researchers at UC Berkeley created a microbial factory that can produce artemisinin, an effective antimalarial drug, using yeast, wormwood, and bacterial genes. The process reduces the production of artemisinin to just a few chemical alterations, making it cost-effective for global use.