Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
VIB researchers have found a new treatment option for chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL), a rare and aggressive type of leukemia. The breakthrough is due to the discovery that Sorafenib, an existing kidney tumor treatment, works effectively against CEL.
Dr. Horwitz's research on paclitaxel's mechanism of action led to its development and approval for treating various tumor types. She now focuses on overcoming drug resistance, a major challenge in cancer treatment.
Researchers at HHMI used molecular dynamics simulations to identify a potential new drug target for treating HIV, which is often resistant to existing medications. The study focused on a rare strain of HIV with mutations that can evade commonly prescribed drugs.
Researchers have identified small molecules called indoxins that can potentiate the effectiveness of doxorubicin in E6-expressing colon cancer cells. The compounds drive two distinct cell cycle-related mechanisms, overcoming E6-induced drug resistance and increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy.
Macrophage interaction reverses activity of hormone receptors in prostate cancer cells, leading to shifts in gene expression and drug resistance.
A CDC study found alarmingly high adamantane resistance rates of 92% among influenza A viruses isolated from patients in the US. Rapid surveillance is critical to prevent resistant viruses from spreading, especially in vulnerable populations like nursing homes.
Researchers found that a once-daily antiretroviral combination of tenofovir DF, emtricitabine, and efavirenz leads to higher viral suppression rates and fewer side effects compared to traditional regimens. The study, involving 517 patients, demonstrates the superiority of this regimen over zidovudine-lamivudine therapy.
The study found that non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-resistant viruses have an advantage over sensitive viruses even at low levels of adherence. NNRTI and protease inhibitors are potent antiretroviral drugs with demonstrated effectiveness when taken as directed.
Researchers designed a new trinuclear platinum compound with enhanced cellular absorption, which targets cancer cells and reduces resistance. The novel compound's non-covalent interactions minimize side effects and improve its effectiveness against common human cancers.
A recent study found nearly one-third of the US population is colonized with staph bacteria, with a significant increase in drug-resistant superbugs. The prevalence was highest among males and children between 6-11 years old, with MRSA affecting 0.8% of participants.
Riboswitches are RNA elements that control gene expression in essential metabolic pathways. Researchers at Yale University have identified pyrithiamine as a toxic compound that disrupts these pathways, leading to the development of new antibiotics.
New study in Cameroon confirms declining effectiveness of malaria drugs like sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine, highlighting need for alternative treatments. Researchers highlight importance of monitoring resistance and patient adherence to effective treatment regimens.
Researchers have discovered a key process underlying CML progression and identified an agent that can block it. Forskolin restores normal cell functioning in Gleevec-resistant cells, offering new treatment options for patients with advanced or resistant disease.
Researchers discovered Klotho protein increases cell resistance to oxidative stress by detoxifying harmful reactive oxygen species. This finding may lead to the development of anti-aging drugs, potentially useful as medicines.
Health officials should consider alternative options due to high flu virus resistance to Tamiflu, a key drug in pandemic preparedness. The discovery raises concerns about the effectiveness of stockpiled doses and may require reevaluation of global strategies.
Research suggests that performing genotype resistance testing at the time of HIV diagnosis can guide treatment choices, increasing patient survival by over 14 months. The cost-effectiveness analysis indicates a cost of $23,900 per quality-adjusted life year gained, comparable to other HIV interventions.
Researchers report a disturbing convergence of drug-resistant bacteria and virulent new strains of Staph. aureus, leading to severe illness and death in previously healthy children. The study highlights the need for better treatments and a vaccine to combat this growing threat.
The study found that drug resistance increased from 0.4% in 1994-1995 to 12.3% in 2003-2004, with 61% of resistant viruses coming from people in Asia. This alarming trend has significant implications for agencies and governments planning to stockpile anti-flu agents.
A study found that HIV-infected patients with mild memory loss who used the Disease Management Assistance System (DMAS) Jerry took their medication 80% of the time, compared to 65% without it. This improvement was seen in both normal and memory-impaired patients.
Analysis of M2 protein sequence data reveals higher resistance to antiviral drug amantadine in Southeast Asian H5N1 viruses, especially in China. This suggests selective pressure may be driving the emergence of resistant strains through human activities.
Chemists at Ohio State University have successfully tested molecules against HIV and Hepatitis C virus RNA, mimicking natural enzymes to break apart target molecules. The complexes could produce fewer side effects and combat drug resistance, potentially leading to the development of multi-functional drugs
A US-led research team discovered a potent cancer-fighting drug, dimethyl-celecoxib (DMC), which overcomes the limitations of its anti-inflammatory cousin celecoxib. DMC halts tumor growth even in drug-resistant multiple myeloma cells and may reduce cardiovascular side effects.
A four-year trial in Papua New Guinea is investigating the use of Fansidar as a preventative measure against malaria in children under five and pregnant women. The study suggests that giving just one tablet can reduce the impact of subsequent malaria infections by up to 50%, saving thousands of lives annually.
Research reveals that aspirin resistance is a significant concern for certain patient groups, particularly those with coronary heart disease or high cholesterol levels. An alternative treatment option, Clopidogrel, has shown promise in reducing blood clotting and inflammation in these patients.
A study published by Cedars-Sinai Medical Center has identified the EMP-1 protein as a biomarker for resistance to gefitinib, a targeted cancer drug used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer. The research found that EMP-1 is present in tumors of patients who fail to respond to treatment with gefitinib.
A recent survey in Botswana has found a significant increase in drug-resistant tuberculosis, with 10% of new patients showing resistance to at least one anti-TB drug. The study suggests that enhanced interventions are needed to contain the burden of tuberculosis in Botswana and prevent further drug resistance.
Studies show that FUZEON combined with tipranavir achieves a ten-fold reduction in viral load and double the increase in immune cell count. The 'FUZEON effect' has been seen across multiple studies, nearly doubling patients reaching undetectable viral loads.
Researchers discover compound (-)-gossypol that targets Bcl-xL protein to induce programmed cell death in resistant cancer cells. The study suggests a potential treatment option for head and neck cancer patients who cannot undergo surgery.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have identified a DNA polymorphism that interferes with the binding of antiarrhythmic drugs to a specific ion channel in the heart. This structural change allows for variable drug access to its target site, leading to increased drug resistance in some individuals.
Researchers explore bacterial cooperation as a therapeutic target to combat antibiotic-resistant infections. By understanding how bacteria collaborate, scientists hope to develop novel treatments that can effectively target these complex interactions.
A panel of experts judged the relevance of 15 quality indicators, which combined evidence and expert opinion to assess care aspects. The final list included recommendations such as timely initiation of antibiotic therapy and switching to focused antibiotics.
Menzies Research Institute director Professor Foote awarded $17.5 million US grant to expand genetic research program on malaria. He will investigate how humans' immune systems fight malaria by infecting lab mice with rare genetic mutations.
Researchers at USC discovered that anti-angiogenesis drugs increase glucose regulated protein 78 levels, blocking cell death and leading to drug resistance. Suppressing GRP78 gene expression can overcome resistance to chemotherapy drug etoposide.
Researchers developed a drug cocktail combining morphine with methadone to prevent cellular signaling imbalances associated with opiate tolerance. The study found that rats receiving the cocktail experienced reduced morphine dependence, suggesting a potential approach for treating chronic pain.
Researchers have discovered a novel combination of Velcade and tubacin that is more than twice as effective in killing resistant myeloma cells. This breakthrough could improve patient outcomes by overcoming resistance to existing treatments.
Two studies found that nevirapine-associated resistance emerges in at least 65% of women after single-dose therapy, with conventional tests missing up to one-third of cases. Resistance rates vary by HIV-1 subtype, with subtype C showing higher mutation frequencies.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism underlying resistance to targeted lung cancer drugs Iressa and Tarceva. A new class of irreversible inhibitors can overcome these structural changes, offering hope for patients with resistant tumors.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered a novel anti-leukemia drug, PD166326, that is nearly 100 times more potent than the current treatment, Gleevec. The study shows the new drug effectively inhibits mutated enzyme activity and reduces white blood cell count in mice with leukemia.
Researchers developed disease models using yeast to test resistance to atovaquone and created a practical tool to design new anti-malarial drugs. This study provides the first quantitative explanation for malaria's drug resistance, enabling the development of new treatments within 3-5 years.
A randomized trial in Uganda found a six-dose regimen of co-artemether significantly reduced gametocyte levels and mosquito infectivity. However, limitations include patient compliance and absorption issues.
A recent study has found that a combination of artemether-lumefantrine to be highly effective in treating malaria in children aged 4-59 months. The treatment showed an impressive success rate of over 96% in a Tanzanian trial, paving the way for its potential use as a substitute for failing therapies in African countries.
Researchers have discovered a compound derived from Chinese medicine that works to regulate a protein called Bcl-xL, which is overexpressed in cancer cells. The compound, (-)-gossypol, has been shown to induce programmed cell death in head and neck cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy.
Scientists have developed a new compound, AMN107, that shows promise in overcoming resistance to Gleevec, a highly successful leukemia treatment. In studies, AMN107 was found to be at least 20 times more potent than Gleevec against most resistant mutants, offering a potential cure for patients with acquired drug resistance.
Researchers have reported encouraging results with the novel drug AMN107, which is showing an increasingly strong benefit as doses are raised. Over 90% of patients with earlier stage Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) have achieved a hematologic response, and over 70% of those in advanced stages have also benefited.
Researchers identified 45 genes linked to leukemic cells' ability to resist treatment by at least two of the most widely used antileukemic drugs. The study found a poor prognosis for patients with cross-resistant ALL cells.
A recent study identified specific genetic signatures associated with treatment failure and chemotherapeutic cross-resistance in pediatric leukemia. The researchers found that expression of certain genes was linked to inferior treatment outcomes, providing new targets for overcoming de novo multiple-drug resistance.
A recent study by VUMC researchers confirms a dramatic spread of MRSA in the noses of healthy children, with 9.2% positivity rate, up from 1% three years ago.
A study of 431 injection drug users found that medically supervised safer injection facilities reduced syringe sharing, particularly among younger users and those who binge-drug. The findings suggest that such facilities can play a role in reducing harms caused by injecting drug use.
Mutations in the EGFR gene are more common in people with lung cancer who never smoked, and these mutations may predict a dramatic response to certain drugs. The study's findings suggest two distinct molecular pathways involved in lung cancer formation, one affecting smokers and the other non-smokers.
A six-month study led by Helen Mayberg found that deep brain stimulation improved mood and reduced symptoms in severely depressed patients, with three achieving remission. The procedure was well-tolerated, with no psychological side effects reported.
Researchers found that tumors developing secondary resistance to Tarceva and Iressa had an additional EGFR mutation, rendering the drugs ineffective. The discovery highlights the need for alternative targeted therapies for patients with KRAS mutations.
Scientists found that tumors from six patients with non-small cell lung cancer who initially responded to gefitinib or erlotinib but relapsed carried activating mutations in the EGFR gene. The resistant tumor cells also carried a second mutation in the EGFR gene, which causes resistance to these drugs.
Researchers found that most HIV 'blips' detected through intensive sampling were not associated with clinical significance or demographic factors. Blips were marginally linked to self-reported nonadherence, but no new drug resistance mutations were identified.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that HIV 'blips' in viral load are mathematical artifacts caused by test variations, not signs of drug resistance. The study reassures patients on HAART therapy that their medications haven't failed and provide a better understanding of when to worry about blips.
Researchers found that 'blips' in HIV treatment were not clinically significant and did not lead to drug resistance. The blips were attributed to random statistical fluctuations rather than ongoing viral replication or developing resistance.
Researchers have developed a new compound, AMN107, that effectively blocks proliferation of Bcr-Abl dependent cells in CML patients. The drug has been shown to inhibit growth of cells expressing resistant mutants and prolongs survival in imatinib-resistant CML mouse models.
Researchers have discovered a new leukemia drug that can overcome all forms of Gleevec resistance, a significant breakthrough for patients with advanced CML. The drug, ON012380, blocks a different site in the BCR-ABL protein and induces cell death in all known Gleevec-resistant mutants.
Researchers identified adherence to medication regimen as key factor in developing HIV drug resistance. High adherence levels were associated with faster development of resistance, emphasizing the importance of strict medication adherence in maintaining treatment efficacy.
A recent study found that a strain of E. coli responsible for drug-resistant urinary tract infections was likely acquired from contaminated food animal sources. The researchers analyzed nearly 500 specimens and discovered one-quarter were microbiologically indistinguishable from human strains, highlighting the risk of foodborne illnesses.
The new compound BMS-354825 successfully overcomes Gleevec resistance in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, showing an 85% success rate in phase I clinical trials. Researchers believe the drug's unique mechanism of action may provide a solution to this common problem.