Articles tagged with Drug Targets
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have been working on optimizing and reformulating vaccines to target specific immune responses in individuals prone to relapse. Recent clinical trial data suggests that these new formulations may be effective in preventing opioid relapse.
A new drug, larotrectinib, has been shown to be effective in treating cancers with specific genetic mutations. The study found that 75% of patients with TRK fusion-positive cancers responded to the treatment, with 13% achieving a complete response.
Researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to discover the structure of an enzyme critical for maintaining adequate DNA building blocks in human cells. The human version differs from its bacterial counterpart, suggesting potential for designing antibiotics that selectively block the bacterial enzyme.
Researchers have discovered a key mechanism enabling stroke survivors to lift affected arms by tapping into 'backup' motor systems, bypassing damaged regions. This adaptive strategy involves involuntary activation of the elbow flexor muscles, which can be harnessed for improved movement control.
Researchers used molecular simulations to understand resistance to osimertinib, an effective anticancer drug for non-small-cell lung cancer. The study identified a novel mutation, L718Q, that causes drug resistance by changing the protein's structure, making it harder for the drug to bind.
A recent neutron analysis of glaucoma drugs and their interaction with human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) enzyme revealed the impact of temperature, pH, and electrical charge on drug targeting. The study provides new information about hydrogen-bonding networks in hCA II, which may aid in designing more effective cancer treatments.
A Bentley University study reveals the US government invested over $100 billion in basic research that led to 210 new medicines approved by the FDA. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded 84 innovative first-in-class drugs, which treat disease through novel biological mechanisms or targets.
Researchers have developed a new method using yeast to create camelid-free antibodies, allowing for faster and more efficient protein structure determination. This breakthrough enables scientists to study complex proteins without the need for llama or alpaca facilities.
A Salk Institute study has discovered that nearly 80 percent of genes exhibit daily fluctuations, with the most rhythmic genes peaking in early morning and late afternoon. This finding has significant implications for understanding circadian disruption's impact on diseases such as depression and heart disease.
A new study suggests adapting the WHO eradication strategy for yaws by implementing multiple rounds of mass drug administration and targeting a broader geographic area. The research found that this approach can capture those not present during the first round and prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains.
A team of researchers from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine has used cryo-electron microscopy to capture the structure of full-length serotonin receptors for the first time. This breakthrough provides valuable insights into molecular binding sites that could lead to more precise drug design and targeted therapies.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center identified a new target to reduce the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in stem cell transplants. The JAK2 inhibitor pacritinib has been shown to minimize GVHD while maintaining antitumor response.
A study by Toyohashi University of Technology found that cell membrane components form isolated domains within an artificial lipid bilayer, separated from the surrounding membrane. The findings provide valuable information for understanding membrane protein functions and developing experimental techniques.
A new study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that long-term opioid prescribing among US military veterans decreased by 30% between 2010 and 2016. The decline was largely due to a reduction in long-term opioid use, rather than a decrease in short-term use.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have discovered a new way to stimulate the immune system to target cancer cells. The study found that activating dendritic cells with a TIM-3 antibody indirectly stimulates T cell anti-cancer activity, leading to reduced tumor growth in mice.
A new study published in eNeuro found that a drug currently being evaluated for depression and suicidal tendencies also alleviates anxiety, fearful behaviors, and memory deficits in rats exposed to blast injuries. The drug, BCI-838, promotes the generation of new brain cells in the hippocampus.
Researchers have discovered that three distinct varieties of the protein AKT play different roles in brain health, with AKT2 targeting brain cancer and AKT1 promoting memory formation. The study's findings hold promise for developing targeted therapies for conditions like Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.
A team of MIT researchers has created a miniaturized system that can deliver tiny quantities of medicine to specific brain regions, allowing for more precise treatment of neurological disorders. The device consists of several tubes contained within a needle and can deliver targeted doses with precise control.
Researchers have discovered that acesulfame potassium, an artificial sweetener widely used in foods and drinks, could lead to the development of a more selective therapy for aggressive cancers. The compound is more selective towards carbonic anhydrase IX than previously studied saccharin, potentially offering fewer side effects.
A team of researchers has described atom-by-atom changes in a family of proteins linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a group of brain disorders. The study suggests that small chemical changes can lead to big changes in assembly and disease-associated aggregation, offering new insights into disease mechanisms.
Researchers at Uppsala University have discovered a new strategy to shut down specific enzymes that can help fight cancer. By studying the native structures and mechanisms of dehydroorotate dehydrogenase, they found that lipids play a crucial role in binding drugs to this enzyme.
A human protein called prohibitin may play a significant role in infection of the nervous system by EV71 virus. The study found that inhibitin is required for entry and replication of the virus within cells.
A study found that desmoplastic melanoma patients respond significantly to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies, with a 70% response rate. The tumors have high levels of DNA mutations and pre-existing immune cells necessary for an immune response.
A recent study by Queen Mary University of London found that protein markers are a more accurate predictor of patient responses to midostaurin, a new leukemia treatment. This breakthrough could lead to double the number of patients being treated and improve outcomes for those with acute myeloid leukemia.
Researchers have discovered a link between ADCY3 gene mutations and severe obesity, which can lead to appetite control abnormalities, diabetes, and anosmia. This finding offers new hope for the development of targeted treatments for obesity.
A team of researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine identified four on-the-market drugs that successfully quelled symptoms triggered by several overabundant proteins in patients with a rare eye disease. The findings demonstrate the potential of treating rare and complex eye conditions using precision health approaches.
IRB Barcelona researchers have discovered a new target for treating advanced prostate cancer, the TFIIF protein. Removing this protein's interaction with the androgen receptor could make treatment effective again in resistant tumors.
A study has identified an agent that can reverse resistance to a targeted therapy in some cases of leukemia. Azacitidine was found to reactivate cells that had become resistant to the treatment SL-401 by reversing DNA methylation, making them vulnerable to the drug again.
A machine learning analysis found an association between genetic variability in the PPARG gene and altered cerebral connectivity in preterm infants. This study suggests that the PPARG signaling pathway may influence neurocognitive problems after preterm birth.
Novel targeted cancer therapies have been shown to improve progression-free survival, response rate, and quality of life for patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Mogamulizumab has demonstrated significant clinical activity in clearing malignant T-cells in the blood and lymph nodes.
Scientists discover that pain medicine pentazocine preserves vision in a model of severe retinal degeneration by activating the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant pathway. The drug normalizes Nrf2 levels, potentially restoring its protective function and preventing oxidative stress.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting two forms of GSK3 can promote stem cell self-renewal or trigger differentiation into neural cells. The findings have implications for developing targeted therapies for diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's, and could lead to the production of human stem cells with specific properties.
Aric Rogers' research discovered that NMD plays a critical role in extending lifespan under dietary restriction conditions. The grant will help expedite the development of 'DR mimetics,' drugs that mimic the effects of DR on longevity, potentially leading to new therapies.
Researchers developed a computational simulation method to predict protein sequence changes for efficient membrane insertion, correlating improved insertion efficiency with increased protein yield. The new approach offers a way forward for membrane protein researchers struggling to express their proteins.
Research reveals that online products sold as selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) may contain unapproved substances or incorrect amounts. Most products did not match label information, highlighting the need for greater regulatory oversight of these appearance- and performance-enhancing drugs.
Researchers developed a powerful new computer model that replicates the biological activity within the heart preceding sudden cardiac death. The model has yielded important clues for developing treatments, identifying key molecular factors associated with arrhythmias.
Researchers developed a synthetic cannabis-like drug that was safe and effective in treating obstructive sleep apnea. Participants in the trial had reduced apnea and decreased subjective sleepiness after taking the drug for six weeks.
Researchers have identified the METTL3 gene as a promising new drug target for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a potentially lethal disease. Inhibiting this gene destroys AML cells while leaving healthy blood cells unaffected.
A new study identifies a chimeric gene as the driver of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC), a rare and usually lethal liver cancer. The research offers prime targets for drugs to treat the disease, including kinases and cellular signaling systems. Researchers are now working to design therapeutics targeting these pathways.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine are studying the genetic protections against Alzheimer's disease using two existing longitudinal studies on aging. The study aims to identify networks of genes in healthy centenarians that protect them against dementia, which could help identify new targets for drugs to treat Alzheimer's.
Scientists discovered a new cell signaling pathway governed by Notch signaling protein that keeps blood vessels intact, which could lead to better drug development and reduce side effects of cancer and cardiovascular treatments. The new pathway operates through a different mechanism than the protein's known transcription-based pathway.
A large registry study found that older adults with inflammatory bowel disease are more likely to consume healthcare services and undergo surgery than younger patients. The study also revealed a significant difference in medication between age groups, with younger patients receiving modern immunomodulating drugs and TNF inhibitors.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that endurance training can help alleviate muscle inflammation by targeting specific immune cells and promoting muscle repair. The research found that exercise alters microRNAs that downregulate immune processes and increase mitochondrial content, ultimately reducing muscle damage and inflamma...
Researchers found that inhibiting microRNA-204 could lead to better treatment of diabetes by regulating the cell surface receptor GLP1R. This could result in lower-drug doses and reduced dose-dependent side effects. The study suggests a novel approach to targeting beta-cell function and improving glucose control.
Scientists discover dysfunctional autophagy plays a central role in motor neuron diseases, characterized by muscle atrophy and loss. The PLEKHG5 gene controls the degradation of synaptic vesicles, and its dysfunction leads to aggregation and motor neuron disorder progression.
Researchers discover iridium, a densest metal, kills cancer cells by filling them with deadly oxygen, without harming healthy tissue. The treatment uses laser light to activate the compound, targeting key proteins in cancer cells.
A new mapping reveals trends in G protein-coupled receptor-targeted drugs, indicating more precise effects and reduced side effects. The study also identifies potential for further research into untargeted receptors related to genetic and immune disorders.
Researchers analyzed over 600 drug and breast cancer cell pairings, revealing significant changes in gene expression without affecting cell growth or survival. The study identified potential synergistic combinations of drugs, including trametinib and alpelisib, to overcome adaptive resistance mechanisms.
The UA Cancer Center research team has discovered that genistein, a compound found in soy foods, can protect BRCA1, a gene crucial in thwarting tumor development in breast tissue. This finding offers new hope for treating triple-negative breast cancers, which currently have no targeted chemotherapy available.
The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2017/18 simplifies drug discovery research by providing overviews of key properties for human drug targets. The guide features over 4,000 interactions between ligands and targets, allowing researchers to assess potency.
Two new medications have been approved to treat mild, moderate, and severe eczema in both children and adults. Crisaborole reduces itching, redness, and swelling, while dupilumab targets the underlying cause through injection therapy. These treatments provide effective relief and improve quality of life for those affected by eczema.
Scientists have found that a rare genetic disease known as NGLY1 deficiency could hold the key to understanding resistance to cancer drugs. Dampening this enzyme may allow proteasome inhibitors to continue killing cancer cells, providing hope for new treatments.
A preclinical study suggests a novel mechanism for treating pain without the addictive side effects of current opioid medications. The use of positive allosteric modulators enhances the effect of pain-relief chemicals naturally produced by the body, providing stronger and longer-lasting pain relief.
A new $1.85 million grant will support a Phase 2 clinical trial of AMX0035, a combination of sodium phenylbutyrate and tauroursodeoxycholic-acid, to test its effectiveness in slowing or stopping brain cell death in people with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
A new combination therapy using registered drugs albendazole and antibiotics has dramatically shortened treatment time for lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis, reducing it from weeks to just seven days. This breakthrough could accelerate elimination of these debilitating diseases, prioritized by the UN's Sustainable Development Goals.
Researchers are studying the relationship between gut bacteria and Parkinson's disease, aiming to identify early signs of the illness. The study aims to compare the gut bacteria of people in the earliest stages of the disease with those who are healthy.
Researchers have developed a new class of drugs called PARP inhibitors to treat ovarian cancer by targeting synthetic lethality. These drugs aim to kill cancer cells by exploiting their genetic vulnerabilities, offering new hope to those with limited treatment options.
Researchers found that ceritinib, an FDA-approved drug for ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer, also inhibits previously unknown targets. The study shows promise for repurposing the drug to target other cancers with networked alterations.
Monitoring blood levels of infliximab in IBD patients before loss of efficacy is associated with improved outcomes, including lower rates of surgery and hospitalization. This approach is linked to reduced treatment failure, infusion reactions, and need for IBD-related surgery or hospitalization.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that ivermectin, a medication for parasitic infections, also has an anti-tumor effect on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells. The gene target KPNB1 was identified as having oncogenic properties, and its inhibition induced apoptosis in EOC cells.