Articles tagged with Drug Targets
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A team from the University of Leicester has made a significant discovery in the study of diabetes drug target PPAR gamma. The researchers found that the protein binds to eight different fatty acids, which leads to its long-term activation, opening up new possibilities for the development of novel pharmaceuticals.
Researchers discovered specific mutations in the JAK2 gene associated with Down's syndrome-associated acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which could lead to new treatment options. Children with this type of leukemia are younger at diagnosis and have a better prognosis when treated with JAK2 inhibitors.
Researchers aim to harness the power of endothelin-1 to constrict blood vessels, but complex receptor interactions hinder progress. Dr. Adviye Ergul suggests that poorly understood relationships in normal and disease states may be behind failed clinical trials.
A study by the European Society for Medical Oncology found substantial variation in the uptake of newer cancer drugs across EU countries. The cost of these drugs is a major barrier to access, and their complexity can make them harder to understand and use effectively.
A new study highlights the need to develop systems to assess antimalarial drug safety in early pregnancy, as artemisinins have been shown to be toxic to embryos in animal models. An international antimalarial pregnancy exposure registry is proposed to enable targeted pharmacovigilance and timely assessment of risk-benefit profiles.
Researchers identified genes that show statistical association with specific anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder and social phobias. The study found that environmental factors can trigger an anxiety disorder more easily in people with a genetic predisposition.
Duke University researchers found that antipsychotic drugs may not work as previously assumed, and that the biochemical pathways linked to the D2 receptor may function differently than expected. The study suggests that targeting the beta-arrestin pathway could lead to more effective treatments with fewer side effects.
A new guideline developed by the American Academy of Neurology recommends surgery as a treatment option for people with extreme face pain due to trigeminal neuralgia. The guideline suggests that patients who don't respond well to drugs should consider surgical interventions to target the root of the trigeminal nerve.
Researchers found Rheb overexpression is sufficient to induce low-grade prostate neoplasias and contributes to lymphoma formation. Targeted inhibition of Rheb shows promise in counteracting tumor progression in both cancers.
Researchers have identified eight new proteins that transport the Plasmodium falciparum parasite's 'glue' to the surface of infected red blood cells. Removing one of these proteins prevents infected red blood cells from sticking to blood vessel walls, suggesting a potential target for new anti-malarial treatments.
Scientists have identified over 100 host cell genes that the influenza virus depends on for infection, offering hope for developing new antiviral drugs. The study used fruit fly cells and RNA interference to screen for these targets, which could potentially be used to prevent viral replication and resistance.
Researchers are developing new treatments targeting Crohn's disease by blocking autoimmune responses and strengthening the intestinal lining. The goal is to provide more effective options for patients who have lost response to current treatments.
A new treatment combining immunosuppressant drugs targeting different immune system parts improves remission rates and reduces side effects for patients with severe lupus nephritis. The therapy shows superior results compared to traditional treatments, achieving complete remission in 65% of patients within nine months.
Researchers discovered that calpain inhibitors restore normal signaling between nerve cells, improving memory in APP/PS1 mice. Calpain inhibition may slow down or stop Alzheimer's disease progression by addressing impaired cognition.
A new compound design approach may be enabled by the discovery of an enzyme that can manipulate chemical pathways in bacteria. The enzyme is found to have loose specificity, allowing it to be used to create more controllable compounds from antibiotic chromoproteins. Genetic engineering will play a key role in this process.
A new compound has been developed that targets the flap recognition pocket of the HIV-1 protease, inhibiting its activity. This mechanism is distinct from current protease inhibitors and holds promise for a new class of AIDS drugs with better drug-like properties.
The new vaptan drug class has shown promising results in treating conditions such as painful periods, brain hemorrhage, and psychotic disorders. The drugs target the vasopressin hormone system, inducing water loss without mineral salt loss, to treat various health issues.
The US FDA has seen an 800% increase in new counterfeit cases between 2000 and 2006. Antimalarials are a particular target for counterfeiters, flooding the market in many Asian countries. Collaborative approaches involving governments, industries, and international organizations can help combat counterfeiting.
Researchers have elucidated the mechanism of iron uptake system in M. tuberculosis, a promising target for intervention. The study reveals an exporter-importer system that exports siderophores and imports iron-bound forms, providing a crucial foothold to tame this deadly pathogen.
Researchers have developed a fast method to detect fake Tamiflu using Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (DESI-MS), which can analyze samples in under one minute. This new approach is crucial in the fight against counterfeit drugs, with potential applications for large-scale screening during pandemics.
A new mathematical model could revolutionize how scientists study cellular signaling pathways, potentially leading to more effective treatments for cancer and other diseases. The model takes advantage of today's computing power to provide a superior tool for understanding the complex interactions between cell signals.
Researchers at IUPUI have created the first 3-D image of how bleomycin targets and binds to DNA. This breakthrough study may lead to improved chemotherapy drugs for various cancers.
A UC San Diego researcher has identified a new enzyme target that can reduce the production of beta-amyloid peptides, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. By inhibiting this enzyme, the researchers observed improved memory and reduced levels of beta-amyloid protein in mice bred to exhibit Alzheimer's disease symptoms.
A study by Brown University scientists has found that activation of the pain receptor TRPV1 can trigger long-term depression, creating lasting changes in neural connections. This process is believed to be the cellular basis for memory making, with implications for drug development and potentially treating neural disorders.
Scientists have identified nine molecules that reverse the features of fragile X syndrome in fruit flies, including deficits in learning centers and behavioral deficits. The screening also uncovered other neural pathways that may be targeted for drug therapy.
Researchers at Uppsala University have made a breakthrough in treating eating disturbances, including obesity and anorexia, by targeting the melanocortin system. The system regulates energy balance and appetite, and tiny imbalances can lead to major changes.
Researchers developed a pH-sensitive pseudorotaxane nanovalve that can switch between open and closed states. The valve uses cucurbituril molecules to control the flow of guest molecules in porous silica spheres, offering a potential solution for targeted drug delivery.
Researchers found a link between low microRNA levels and high gene activity in AML, suggesting new therapeutic targets. The study identified two genes in the Hox family that are over-active in leukemia cells, providing new insights into AML treatment.
Research on 44,751 students from 1979-2004 shows that deviance-prone male youth are more likely to use marijuana when social acceptance is high. In contrast, deviance-prone female teens consistently use marijuana regardless of national trends, suggesting a lack of response to social pressures.
Scientists at University College London have identified two cell proteins that relax the gut and help accommodate large meals. The P2Y1 and P2Y11 receptor proteins could provide a new approach to combatting weight gain by preventing stomach expansion.
Researchers have identified a new compound that blocks an early step in programmed cell death, known as apoptosis. This process is triggered by mitochondrial division and can lead to cell death during heart attacks and strokes.
Researchers at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute have developed a novel method to identify weak and transient protein interactions. By analyzing over 6000 experiments in mammalian cells, they discovered 17 new pairs of interactions that could lead to novel therapeutic opportunities for diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and growth.
A new approach to medicine may involve targeting specific gut microbes to combat diseases like diabetes and obesity. Research suggests that altering the gut microbiome using probiotics can have a significant impact on human health.
A new strategy for designing drugs that target resistant viral strains has been discovered by Penn researchers. The M2 protein, located in the viral envelope, forms a long, narrow channel allowing protons to flow into the viral interior, an essential step for infection.
A new study by Naofumi Mukaida and colleagues found that TNF-alpha antagonist reduces inflammation-induced colon cancer in mice, suggesting a potential treatment for ulcerative colitis patients. Additionally, research on mesenchymal stem cells showed that the antitumor drug bortezomib can target these cells and promote bone cell-specif...
Researchers discovered that the antitumor drug bortezomib can specifically target mesenchymal stem cells, leading to enhanced bone regeneration in mice. Bortezomib treatment increased bone formation in normal mice and recovered bone loss in mice with induced osteoporosis.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have identified two subtypes of GABA receptors that mediate spinal pain control, opening up new possibilities for targeted pain therapy. This discovery could lead to the development of specific drugs with fewer side effects, making chronic pain treatment more effective.
The grant will support research into the proteins on TB bacteria's surface that are vital for infection, aiming to develop a map for drug developers. The goal is to create a new family of TB drugs that can effectively target the disease in a new way.
The FDA warnings had a modest impact on the use of antidepressants among youth, with significant declines in paroxetine prescriptions. However, other antidepressants also saw declines, albeit less pronounced.
Researchers at Ohio State University Medical Center found that serotonin and synthetic hallucinogens trigger different chemical pathways in brain cells, leading to important implications for drug development. The study's findings suggest that screening agents must also determine if the agent signals through beta-arrestin.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have produced the first 3D structural images of a DNA-bound Type II topoisomerase, a prime target for antibacterial and anticancer drugs. The study reveals that topo II employs a 'two-gate' mechanism to carry out its tasks, controlling the passage of DNA segments through the enzyme.
Richard D. Smith, Battelle Fellow at PNNL, has been named to the prestigious Scientific American 50 list for his contributions in developing a new approach to neurological diagnostics. His research may help identify early stages of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases by analyzing biochemical biomarkers.
Researchers have discovered two new targets for drugs aimed at controlling lupus by regulating the balance between inflammatory and antiviral effects of interferons. By blocking specific kinases in the calcium-signaling pathway, they were able to suppress STAT1 activation and preserve antiviral effects.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine developed a mouse model to study prostate cancer progression, revealing the role of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 in initiating cancer. The study identified key genes involved in cell plasticity and discovered a new marker for human prostate cancer.
Researchers have discovered a protein called CIB1 that plays a major role in controlling new blood vessel growth, providing a potential target for drug therapies. The findings may help control unwanted blood vessel growth in diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and wound healing.
Researchers re-engineered imatinib to specifically target gastrointestinal stromal tumor and reduce cardiotoxic side effects. The new drug, WBZ-4, was found to be equally effective against gastrointestinal cancer while significantly reducing the risk of heart failure in animal tests.
A literature review found that well-designed seminars, role-playing, and focused curricula can influence medical students' and residents' attitudes towards pharmaceutical companies. Medical schools can reduce the impact of industry influence by implementing policies to limit contact with company representatives.
Researchers at Yale University discovered a novel gene, VGF, that plays a crucial role in exercise-induced antidepressant effects. The study found that enhancing VGF expression can function like a powerful anti-depressant, providing a potential new treatment target for depression.
Researchers at MIT used fMRI to monitor brain development in rats, correcting for changes that occur during early life. The study found a key player in the changing relationship between neural activity and blood response: carbonic anhydrase.
A novel computer technique predicts side effects of major pharmaceuticals, including SERMs for breast cancer treatment. The approach shortens drug development and reduces costly recalls by identifying off-target proteins.
Researchers discover paddle, a modular unit in ion channels, enabling nerve cells to fire. The findings hold promise for developing new therapeutic drugs targeting ion channel function., Ion channel proteins control electrical activity in nerve cells, and the study's results may lead to new approaches for treating neurological disorder...
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have deciphered the three-dimensional structure of a telomerase domain essential for its activity. This finding may lead to the development of direct inhibitors of telomerase, a promising new target for anti-cancer therapies. The study's insights into normal aging are also warranted.
Texas A&M researchers Frank Raushel and Ricardo Marti-Arbona use molecular docking to predict enzyme function based on structure alone. The team's method ranks molecules by fit and scores them for physical testing, offering a faster alternative to existing methods.
Researchers identified three pathways common to in vitro and in vivo dengue virus infections, including the NF-kappaB initiated immune pathway, type I interferon pathway, and ubiquitin proteasome pathway. Inhibiting these pathways resulted in significant inhibition of viral replication, suggesting new avenues for drug development.
Shigetada Nakanishi's work has led to new tools and drug targets in neuroscience. His discoveries are bringing a full understanding of the human brain closer.
Researchers found peroxynitrite plays a crucial role in opiate-induced antinociceptive tolerance in mice. Accumulation of tyrosine-nitrated proteins and oxidative DNA damage were associated with this process.
A phase II trial of axitinib has shown promising activity in patients with cytokine-refractory, metastatic kidney cancer. In the trial, 23 patients had complete or partial responses, with some responses lasting up to 26 months.
Researchers have determined the precise picture of cell target for drugs, giving them greater control over treatment. The high-resolution structure of a human G-protein-coupled receptor, such as beta 2-adrenergic receptor, can direct the future design of drugs that precisely bind to specific receptors.
A virtual simulation model called Pathogen Simulation (PathSim) was developed to study the progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in humans. The researchers used PathSim to simulate EBV infection and observe its impact on the immune system, finding critical switch points that determine disease progression.
Researchers found that CFTR mutations cause TGN acidity, leading to increased furin activity, which promotes tissue fibrosis and suppresses immune response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study suggests chloroquine as a potential treatment and identifies furin inhibitors as new therapeutics for cystic fibrosis