Psychopharmacology
Articles tagged with Psychopharmacology
TBI survivors turn to psychedelics for symptom relief
A new study found that nearly 1,200 TBI respondents used psychedelics to treat or manage physical health conditions, with 208 participants using them to manage brain injury-related symptoms. Researchers reported a 90% self-reported symptom improvement rate.
The scientist who warned that profit, not science, decides which drugs reach patients
Dr. Gobbi challenges the global drug-development system, stating that promising treatments for mental illness are failing to reach patients due to venture capital and profit motives. Her research focuses on cannabis, melatonin, and psychedelics, with a goal of improving public-health decisions and treatment outcomes.
Treatment with psychedelics may provide a missing link towards long-term PTSD recovery
Treatment with psychedelics triggers large-scale reconfiguration of brain network dynamics driven by myelin remodeling, which might augment or sustain therapeutic effects. The study suggests that enhancing myelination could be a viable strategy to promote longer-term neural health and recovery from PTSD.
Researchers warn: opioids aren’t effective for many acute pain conditions
The study found that opioids provide only small, time-limited pain relief for certain pain conditions, such as stomach pain and dental surgery. Regular use of opioids comes with a risk of harm, including dependence and overdose.
Chronic alcohol use reshapes gene expression in key human brain regions linked to relapse vulnerability and neural damage
Chronic alcohol consumption alters endocannabinoid gene expression in reward- and decision-related brain regions, offering insights into addiction biology. This study reveals changes in CB1 and CB2 receptor genes, as well as GPR55 and FAAH enzymes, potentially leading to targeted therapeutic strategies.
1 in 4 young people using psychotropic drugs are taking dangerous combinations
A study found that nearly a quarter of young people taking psychotropic medications were prescribed multiple medications with serious interaction risks. The greatest increases in medication use were seen among children and young adults, highlighting the need for careful monitoring and research on long-term safety.
Adenosine is the metabolic common pathway of rapid antidepressant action: The coffee paradox
A recent landmark study identifies adenosine as the critical mediator of rapid antidepressant action, connecting ketamine, ECT, and hypoxia. The discovery raises questions about the potential interference of caffeine with these treatments, highlighting the need for further research on adenosinergic modulation in depression.
Systematic review reveals psilocybin reduces obsessive-compulsive behaviors across clinical and preclinical evidence
A systematic review synthesizes clinical and preclinical evidence on psilocybin's effects on obsessive-compulsive behaviours, revealing consistent anti-compulsive effects in human patients and validated animal models. Single doses of psilocybin led to rapid symptom reductions in clinical populations.
Psychedelics reshape time perception offering new therapeutic pathways
Psychedelic substances profoundly alter our perception of time, inducing temporal distortions that offer unprecedented insights into consciousness. By suppressing the default mode network and modulating multiple brain regions, psychedelics provide unique windows into brain function and mental health treatment.
MDMA psychiatric applications synthesized: Comprehensive review examines PTSD treatment and emerging therapeutic indications
The review synthesizes clinical evidence on MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), autism spectrum disorder, eating disorders, and existential distress. It identifies consistent patterns across diverse clinical applications and highlights the therapeutic potential of MDMA, including its oxytocin-mediated ...
Bipolar disorder heterogeneity decoded: transforming global psychiatric treatment approaches
A renowned geneticist, Dr. Martin Alda, has made a groundbreaking discovery that bipolar disorder is composed of multiple genetically distinct disorders, transforming treatment approaches worldwide. His research also highlights the importance of combining basic research with clinical observations to advance psychiatric care.
Psilocybin may present unique risks during the postpartum period
Research suggests that psilocybin may not be an effective treatment for postpartum depression due to its potential to amplify anxiety and depressive-like symptoms in mouse mothers. The study found that offspring raised by psilocybin-treated mothers exhibited anxiety and depression-like symptoms long into adulthood.
Psychedelics researcher reveals how MDMA and LSD transform human connectedness
Dr. Harriet de Wit's groundbreaking research bridges animal and human drug studies, demonstrating that MDMA enhances feelings of social connectedness and challenging addiction treatment strategies. Her discoveries have profound implications for treating trauma-related disorders globally.
Challenging popular “ancient psychedelic mysteries” theory
Researchers Dr. Sharday Mosurinjohn and Dr. Richard Ascough critique the 'psychedelic mysteries hypothesis' in a new article, arguing that it relies on circumstantial evidence rather than solid historical scholarship. They advocate for responsible curiosity and a focus on living traditions to unlock psychedelic wisdom.
TNF-α system's role in brain disorders and psychopharmacological treatment highlighted in new research
New research highlights TNF-α system's involvement in central nervous system disorders such as depression, narcolepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. The study reveals that psychotropic drugs may activate the TNF-α system through various mechanisms.
Brazilian neuroscientist reveals how viral infections transform the brain through microscopic detective work
Dr. Danielle Beckman's research uses animal models to understand how viruses like COVID-19 trigger neurological damage and accelerate Alzheimer's disease. Her work has established critical connections between viral infections and neurodegenerative processes.
New method tracks how psychedelics affect neurons in minutes
Researchers at UC Davis have developed a new method called CaST to track the activation of brain neurons and biomolecules by psychedelic drugs. The tool allows scientists to study the cellular mechanisms behind psychedelic treatments for brain disorders, such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Researchers identify brain region involved in oxycodone relapse
Scripps Research scientists have identified the posterior paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus as a key brain region involved in stress-induced oxycodone relapse. Exposure to suvorexant, which blocks orexin signaling, reduced drug-seeking behavior and prevented relapse.
April issues of APA journals cover treatment for irritability in youth, collaborative psychopharmacology, disparities in use of restraint, and more
The latest issues of APA journals focus on treatment options for youth with irritability, exploring collaborative psychopharmacology approaches. Additionally, the studies examine disparities in the use of restraint among psychiatric patients.
Esketamine nasal spray: an option for patients with treatment-resistant depression
A new study reveals that esketamine nasal spray is effective in treating treatment-resistant depression, with 27.1% of patients achieving remission after 8 weeks compared to 17.6% on quetiapine XR. Long-term data shows sustained remission rates at 21.7% for esketamine NS and 14.1% for quetiapine XR.
Psychedelic-assisted therapies for patients with PTSD
Researchers are exploring psychedelic-based treatments as a potential game-changer for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders. Studies have shown improvements in symptoms of both conditions, offering new hope for those who have struggled with treatment-resistant disorders.
Anti-depressant agent KNT-127 reduces stress as well as depression
KNT-127 exhibits anti-stressing and anti-depressant effects in mice, improving social interaction and reducing stress-induced hormone levels. The agent suppresses neuronal inflammation and newborn death without affecting neurogenesis.
New guidelines on catatonia aim to create a step-change in management
The new guidelines, developed by 22 experts across three continents, provide a comprehensive approach to diagnosing and treating catatonia. The recommendations include the use of benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy, with attention to special requirements for certain groups.
Psychedelics and Cognition: A New Look
A recent renaissance in psychedelic research investigates the cognitive effects of these drugs, shifting from mathematical modeling to behavioral and clinical studies. Studies have found that psychedelics can increase spontaneous creative insights while decreasing task-specific creativity, as well as affect memories in a malleable way.
December issues of American Psychiatric Association journals cover technology and mental health, new approaches with psychopharmacology, and improving correctional care
The American Psychiatric Association's December journal issues explore new therapeutic approaches involving psychopharmacology, digital technology, and fMRI neurofeedback. The APA also highlights its vision to ensure access to quality psychiatric diagnosis and treatment.
Vitamin B6 supplements could reduce anxiety and depression
Research at the University of Reading found that high-dose Vitamin B6 supplementation reduced feelings of anxiety and depression in young adults. The study links Vitamin B6 to its calming effect on the brain, which may help alleviate mood disorders.
Adolescents more vulnerable to cannabis addiction but not other mental health risks
A new study led by UCL and King's College London researchers found that adolescents are three times more likely to develop a cannabis addiction than adults. However, they do not appear to be at increased risk of subclinical depression or anxiety. In contrast, adult users who become addicted may experience worsening mental health symptoms.
Eating sea squirts may reverse the signs of ageing, study shows
A new study suggests that supplementing a diet with Ascidiacea, also known as sea squirts, reverses some main signs of aging in animal models. The researchers found that plasmalogens, vital to body processes, decrease with age and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Coffee time: Caffeine improves reaction to moving targets
A study found that caffeine increases alertness and detection accuracy for moving targets, improving reaction times and visual processing. Researchers tested participants' dynamic visual acuity skills before and after caffeine ingestion, showing significant improvements in accuracy and speed.
Study suggests unmedicated, untreated brain illness is likely in mass shooters
A new study analyzing medical evidence on domestic mass shooters in the US finds that a majority of perpetrators have psychiatric disorders without treatment, increasing risk of violence. The researchers identified signs and symptoms of brain illness in 32 out of 35 perpetrators, with most having schizophrenia or other diagnoses.
Science of microdosing psychedelics remains patchy and anecdotal, say researchers
The practice of microdosing psychedelic drugs to enhance mood and productivity lacks robust scientific evidence. Despite reports of positive experiences, the team presents a lack of controlled studies, uncertain doses, and safety concerns, highlighting the need for rigorous research.
New stimulant formulations emerging to better treat ADHD
A comprehensive review of new stimulant formulations for treating ADHD provides clinicians with a valuable guide to choosing effective treatments. The review highlights novel delivery systems, advances in individual variability, and nuanced approaches to treatment.
CBD reduces impairment caused by cannabis
A new study found that CBD buffers against THC's effects on the brain, potentially making higher-CBD cannabis strains less harmful. The research used fMRI to gauge how different cannabis strains impact brain function.
Exploiting metabolic differences to optimize SSRI dosing in adolescents
A simulated study found that exposure to SSRIs differed among poor, normal, rapid, and ultra-rapid metabolizers. This information could inform SSRI dosing to optimize efficacy and minimize adverse effects.
Can delayed/extended-release methylphenidate allow for once daily evening dosing in ADHD?
A new study found that delayed-release, extended-release methylphenidate can be taken in the evening without affecting its efficacy for at least 10 hours. This formulation may provide a more flexible treatment option for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Could saffron be as effective as stimulant medicines in treating ADHD?
A new study published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology found that saffron was as effective as methylphenidate in controlling ADHD symptoms in children and teens. The researchers also noted similar side effects, making saffron a promising herbal alternative for treating ADHD.
Researchers report positive findings with dasotraline for ADHD in children ages 6-12
Dasotraline shows significant improvement in efficacy in the treatment of ADHD compared to placebo, particularly at a dose of 4mg/day. The study also assesses safety and subgroup analysis, providing hope for new treatments with fewer side effects.
Inaccurate prescribing warnings in electronic medical record systems
A survey of psychiatrists found that a substantial proportion believe their electronic prescribing systems provide incorrect warnings, potentially leading to inadequate treatment. The study highlights the need for more research on the accuracy and usefulness of automated alerts.
Ketamine has potential therapeutic role in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression
A new study found that ketamine significantly decreased symptoms in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression, with 38% meeting clinical response criteria. The treatment was well-tolerated and has sparked excitement about a potential new agent for this population.
Noted child psychiatrist Harold Koplewicz, MD, speaks out on the Parkland shooting
Dr. Koplewicz highlights the urgent need to prioritize mental health in response to mass shootings like Parkland. He emphasizes that social isolation can exacerbate emotional problems and calls for better support systems in schools.
New research fails to support efficacy of desvenlafaxine for treating MDD in adolescents
New research fails to support desvenlafaxine's effectiveness in treating major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents. A recent study found that neither a low nor high dose of the medication was significantly more effective than placebo.
New delayed-release stimulant improves morning ADHD symptoms and all-day functioning
A phase 3 study of children ages 6-12 years with ADHD found that a delayed-release, long-acting formulation of methylphenidate improved ADHD symptoms and functional impairment in the morning. The medication provided sustained release throughout the day, reducing the need for multiple doses.
Is extended-release guanfacine effective in children with chronic tic disorders?
A study found that extended-release guanfacine only showed a small reduction in tic severity among children with chronic tic disorders, with no significant difference between the drug and placebo. The medication was associated with common side effects such as fatigue, dry mouth, and headache.
New treatment guidelines for pediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS/PANDAS)
A comprehensive treatment framework is presented to guide the management of children with PANS/PANDAS, focusing on psychiatric interventions, infection prevention, and immunomodulatory therapies. The guidelines aim to improve symptom relief, functioning, and adherence to therapeutic interventions.
The dangers of driving after restricted sleep and moderate alcohol intake
Combining moderate alcohol consumption with moderate sleep restriction leads to increased deficits in attention and drowsiness compared to either factor alone. Performance impairment remains apparent even with frequent breaks, emphasizing the need for adequate rest before driving after consuming alcohol.
Guanfacine is safe and well-tolerated in children and adolescents with anxiety disorder
A pilot study of guanfacine, an alpha2-agonist, found the drug safe and well-tolerated in pediatric patients with anxiety disorder. The study suggests potential effectiveness and opens doors to further clinical testing.
Longer duration of untreated childhood schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis predicts poorer outcomes
A systematic review of 35 studies found that longer duration of untreated childhood schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis is associated with poorer functional improvement. Children and adolescents with EOS often experience frequent pre- and co-morbid conditions, leading to worse outcomes.
Aripiprazole reduces severity of tics in children with Tourette's disorder
A meta-analysis of clinical trials found that aripiprazole significantly reduced total tics and tic severity in children with Tourette's disorder. The medication was safe, with common side effects including drowsiness and nausea.
Why is impulsive aggression in children so difficult to treat?
Maladaptive and impulsive aggression is a disabling symptom in children with psychiatric disorders, characterized by explosive behavior triggered by routine cues. The development of effective treatments requires better descriptive and quantitative methods to characterize this disorder.
Drunk, distracted drivers are double dangers
Researchers found that intoxication and distractions further impair driving abilities, even at low blood alcohol levels. The study suggests reducing the legal limit may not be enough to ensure safe driving.
New study supports safety and efficacy of Evekeo for treating children with ADHD
A new study published in Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology found that Evekeo improves ADHD symptoms and behavior in children with ADHD. The medication, given once or twice daily, shows significant improvement in ADHD rating scores, especially within the first 10 hours post-dose.
What is the best measure of depression severity in adolescents?
A new study found that anhedonia, the inability to gain pleasure, is associated with more severe depression and worse outcomes in adolescents. Anhedonia severity showed a significant correlation with overall outcomes, including illness severity and episode duration.
Expert recommendations for diagnosing pediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome
A consensus statement from leading clinicians and researchers recommends a systematic approach to evaluating youngsters with sudden onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including obsessive-compulsive disorder. The guidelines aim to clarify diagnostic boundaries, develop evaluation strategies, and identify urgently needed studies.
Does psychostimulant use increase cardiovascular risk in children with ADHD?
A nationwide study found a small but statistically significant cardiovascular risk associated with stimulant treatment in children with ADHD. The researchers also reported on the relationship between specific stimulant dose and risk of a cardiovascular event.
Is duloxetine more or less effective than fluoxetine in children and teens with MDD?
Recent studies found that duloxetine and fluoxetine showed no significant difference in response rates when treating major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and teens. The authors suggest that complexity of the studies may be a factor, but also offer valuable insights for designing future investigations.
Antipsychotic drug use among ADHD-diagnosed foster care youth is increasing
A study reveals that nearly one-third of ADHD-diagnosed foster care youth aged 2-17 received atypical antipsychotics, highlighting a critical trend in pediatric psychiatry. The most common medications given were risperidone, aripiprazole, and quetiapine.
By the numbers: A simple 10 step approach to reducing the harms of alcohol
Scientists Jürgen Rehm and David Nutt propose a simple 10-point plan to reduce personal and public costs of alcohol. The plan includes monitoring individual intake, limiting consumption, taking breaks from drinking, and implementing government interventions such as minimum pricing, labeling, and treatment.
British experts update addiction treatment guidelines
The British Association for Psychopharmacology has released updated guidelines for treating substance abuse and addiction, focusing on pharmacological management. The new guidelines provide a comprehensive review of evidence-based practices for practitioners to optimize clinical decisions.
More effective treatments urgently needed for adolescent depression
More than 2 million US teenagers suffer from depression, with few receiving adequate treatment. New research highlights the need for more effective treatments and better therapeutic strategies.