Articles tagged with Metabolism
A study identified novel autoantibodies associated with idiopathic myelopathy, specifically those related to vitamin B12 transport. Central nervous system vitamin B12 deficiency was also found in affected individuals. The findings suggest a potential diagnostic approach for myelopathy
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio have uncovered how the liver's internal clock coordinates the release of proteins that regulate metabolism. The findings suggest that understanding this internal clock could help guide future research on metabolic disease and inform optimal timing for meals and medication.
A new international study defines clinical obesity as a significant predictor of increased disease burden, operative risk, and cardiovascular risk in patients undergoing metabolic bariatric surgery. The study found that the majority of patients met criteria for clinical obesity, while a minority had preclinical obesity.
Researchers found that gut cell turnover depends on nutrient quantity, not specific nutrient quality, in fruit flies. Gut cells sense satiety based on cytoplasm viscosity, not amino acid metabolism.
A recent study published in Cancer Research found that sildenafil, the active ingredient in Viagra, can restrict cancer metastasis by limiting cancer cells' access to cholesterol. Combining sildenafil with statins may enhance this effect, potentially improving survival rates among cancer patients.
A large-scale genetic study suggests that inherited taste preferences for sweet and fatty foods can influence eating behaviors and contribute to chronic disease risk. People with a higher genetic predisposition for these tastes tend to eat more of them, leading to a higher risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Tohoku University discovered a paradox in REM sleep where the brain's energy molecule decreases despite an increase in fuel supply. This finding suggests that the brain dynamically adjusts its energy economy to support complex internal processing, revealing new insights into biological computation and sleep function.
Researchers developed a new cell-based approach to produce several sugars naturally found in human breastmilk, including complex oligosaccharides. The method involves engineering cultured mammalian cells to express essential enzymes, allowing for the production of structurally diverse HMOs with potential applications in infant nutrition.
Researchers developed a handheld breath detector that measures acetone levels with laboratory-level accuracy in 90 seconds. The device tracks changes in fat metabolism during various scenarios, including exercise and fasting, providing insights for clinicians to personalize treatments.
The Pennington-Louisiana Nutrition Obesity Research Center has received a five-year, $5.66 million renewal grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). The award reaffirms Pennington Biomedical's position as a national leader in nutrition, obesity, and metabolic health research. The center su...
Researchers have identified a sensitive isotopic biomarker for early anemia detection using copper stable isotope ratios (δ⁶⁵Cu) in pediatric serum. The study also uncovered distinct serum metallomic patterns linked to body mass index (BMI), including a strong positive association between serum lead levels and increasing BMI.
Researchers discovered that senescent cells accumulate high levels of triacylglycerols and increase glycolytic activity, leading to increased lipid droplet accumulation. This finding suggests that lipid droplets may contribute to the harmful effects of senescent microglia in Alzheimer’s disease.
A new study published in Hepatobiliary Communications reveals that standard CT scans can detect stage-specific tissue patterns predicting severe liver complications in chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis. Visceral fat and muscle shifts carry different warning meanings based on the patient's disease stage.
Mouse study uncovers how oxygen-sensing transcription factors regulate muscle physiology, improving glucose tolerance and producing erythropoietin. The findings suggest that selectively targeting each isoform can lead to different physiological outcomes.
A Wisconsin lab advance has developed a way to remove liquid chromatography from peptide mapping, an essential test for determining a candidate drug's stability. This technique accelerates the process by 100-fold, allowing companies to analyze massive data influx instantly and reducing costs.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen shows that exercise plays a crucial role in improving cardiovascular health even after significant weight loss. Participants who exercised developed healthier blood vessels and lower inflammation compared to those who relied on medication alone.
Sofia Doello will investigate how microorganisms reactivate their metabolism after prolonged dormancy using the prestigious Emmy Noether grant. Her project aims to uncover fundamental principles of survival and cell regeneration in bacteria.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen suggests that longer sleep is linked to more stable blood sugar levels in healthy 18-year-olds, even among those with no previous health issues. The researchers tracked participants over two weeks and found a two-way relationship between sleep duration and blood sugar stability.
A new study reveals that excessive fibrin deposition drives chronic inflammation in diabetic periodontitis. A targeted peptide successfully stops this inflammation and promotes periodontal bone regeneration, offering a potential universal therapeutic strategy for various immune-mediated diabetic comorbidities.
Researchers at UC San Diego discovered a previously unknown mechanism that contributes to high blood cholesterol by depleting LDL receptors. A CTSA inhibitor has already shown safety in humans and may be effective in treating high cholesterol, offering a new treatment option for patients.
Scientists discovered a natural microbial compound that protects the gut and supports future treatments for inflammatory bowel disease. UroA activates a protective pathway in intestinal epithelial cells, triggering the release of molecules associated with maintaining normal intestinal function and repairing the gut lining.
A recent study published in Metabolism found that our internal clock independently affects the energy we burn after eating, peaking in the morning and decreasing at night. This discovery sheds light on why late eating may contribute to weight gain or struggles with weight loss.
A new study published in Cell Metabolism found that a low-protein, amino acid-supplemented 'longevity diet' improved cardiometabolic markers and reduced frailty and fat mass in mice. The diet was associated with longer healthy lifespan and better metabolic health in both mice and humans.
Research explores role of short-chain fatty acids in regulating dendritic cell development and differentiation via epigenetic regulation. Study reveals butyrate increases expression of surface molecules, influencing immune-cell trafficking and localization.
Researchers from Kyushu University discovered that the circadian clock protein BMAL1 drives macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory M1 state by activating inflammatory signaling pathways. This mechanism links the body clock to intracellular metabolism and immune function, offering new insights into treating inflammatory diseases.
A new study reveals that a change in diet may have paved the way for the evolution of spectacular displays in manakins. The research found that genetic fingerprints of strong sexual selection and changes in taste and digestion linked to a fruit-based diet drove the emergence of elaborate mating behaviors.
A new paper by over 20 protein experts examines widely held propositions about dietary protein, concluding that some science is insufficient or not robust enough to support certain claims. Key findings include the importance of protein quality, individual essential amino acids, and nuance in high-protein intake during weight loss.
Researchers discovered that supergiant deep-sea isopods have a dual survival strategy to cope with nutrient-poor conditions: an enlarged stomach for storing food and extremely low basal metabolic rate. This allows them to thrive in extreme environments.
Researchers at Nagoya University identified the neural circuit responsible for timing torpor in mammals, which reduces body temperature and metabolism. The discovery provides new insights into how animals regulate energy use.
Researchers investigated the interplay between host and gut microbiota in selenium metabolism, finding that gut microbiota transform selenium into metabolites influencing utilization, detoxification, and excretion. The study also revealed that Se intake affects bacterial diversity and that gut microbes produce unique selenometabolites.
Researchers found that the gut responds to protein deficiency by activating a fast neural circuit and a slower hormonal signal, which selectively changes dietary priorities. The study reveals a previously unknown gut-brain signaling system that rapidly alters feeding behavior in animals.
Researchers identified a vitamin K-dependent GAS6 pathway that controls osteoclast maturation and bone resorption in mice. Osteoblasts use Vitamin K signals to regulate osteoclast fusion via the GAS6 pathway.
Researchers developed an AI framework, MouseMapper, to map disease-related changes in the entire mouse body. They found widespread inflammation and previously unrecognized damage to facial sensory nerves caused by obesity, which was also observed in human tissue.
A new Northwestern University study finds metformin primarily targets the gut, driving glucose utilization inside cells lining the intestine to prevent blood sugar levels from rising. The drug slows mitochondrial energy production in gut cells, allowing the intestine to metabolize extra sugar and regulate blood sugar levels.
A study reveals that S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine, a bioactive compound found in aged garlic extract, promotes inter-organ communication between fat tissue and the brain, enhancing muscle strength. Long-term administration of S1PC reduced frailty scores and increased skeletal muscle force in aged mice.
A new study from the University of Virginia finds that next-generation GLP-1 drugs can alter brain circuits controlling motivation and reward. The research shows that these drugs not only suppress appetite but also influence how the brain values food, helping explain their effectiveness and side effects.
A review from Florida Atlantic University links obesity to Alzheimer's disease through disruptions in metabolism, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial function and gut-brain axis balance. Early detection and whole-body prevention may become possible through monitoring metabolic health.
A long-term MRI study finds that lower accumulation of visceral fat is associated with preservation of key brain structures, better cognitive performance, and slower brain atrophy. The study suggests that glucose control and insulin sensitivity mediate the relationship between abdominal fat and brain aging.
A new study found that fur seals' heart rate peaks six to eight hours after returning to land, indicating a delayed recovery from the physiological costs of foraging at sea. This suggests that seals use their time onshore to actively recover and replenish oxygen stores.
Scientists created hybrid macrophages that can simultaneously promote blood vessel and bone growth, potentially improving outcomes for patients with bone fractures. The discovery could lead to new cell-derived therapies that speed up recovery and improve healing.
Scientists create a novel nano-delivery system that boosts NAD+ synthesis and reduces consumption, rapidly restoring energy metabolism in damaged kidneys. The approach halts disease progression and prevents chronic kidney disease, offering a promising drug development platform for AKI and other energy metabolism disorders.
A recent study published in Cell Reports identified a key pathway through which the hormone FGF21 influences eating behavior and energy balance. The findings highlight the importance of nutrition in brain function and suggest that FGF21-based therapies could be optimized to target specific brain circuits.
A study identified exosomal microRNA-122-3p as a key driver of MASLD pathogenesis. Elevated miR-122-3p levels induced triglyceride accumulation and reactive oxygen species production in liver cells.
A novel oral nanoreactor targets isoamylamine, a gut-derived metabolite associated with age-related cognitive decline, by degrading it through monoamine oxidase. The treatment also reduces oxidative stress and improves spatial learning and recognition memory in aged mice.
A study published in Chinese Medical Journal reveals how mitochondrial activity is regulated in heart muscle cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction disrupts energy production and affects cardiac outcomes, with various proteins managing mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy.
A hormone called FGF21 reverses obesity in mice by signaling to the hindbrain, a region targeted by GLP-1 drugs. This finding provides insight into the naturally occurring hormone's benefits for weight loss and MASH treatment.
Research systematically maps how bacterial metabolites influence disease progression and immune cell functions, highlighting their dual effects on the body. The review emphasizes the need for holistic regulation of metabolite profiles to achieve precision interventions.
A comprehensive study decodes structure-function relationships governing surfactant-mediated enzyme protection, revealing a competitive stabilization mechanism. The research identifies key factors influencing mitigation efficacy, including hydrophobicity and hydrogen bonding capacity, and provides predictive power for designing more ef...
A meta-analysis of GLP-1 receptor agonist studies found potential safety signals for gastrointestinal side effects, while some evidence suggested a link to reduced respiratory disease risk. Further research is needed to confirm the latter association.
A review highlights the importance of healthy lifestyles in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Adhering to optimal lifestyle factors, such as a heart-healthy diet, regular physical activity, and adequate sleep, can dramatically lower disease incidence.
Researchers have identified and overcome metabolic instability as the key barrier to developing ovalicin, a potent relative of fumagillin. Using chem-bio hybrid synthesis, they created metabolically stable drug candidates that worked in animal models of amebiasis.
Researchers have identified a key protein that activates brown fat by expanding blood vessels and nerves, which can regulate body temperature and is linked to weight loss. The findings suggest a new approach to treating obesity that deviates from suppressing appetite.
The São Paulo School of Advanced Science in Obesity will provide graduate students and early career researchers with a two-week training program on obesity research and prevention. The school will feature renowned keynote speakers and cover topics such as epidemiological aspects, genetic nutrition, epigenetics, and emerging preventive ...
Children with metabolically healthy obesity at treatment initiation have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Reduction in BMI z score is associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk, suggesting treatment should be recommended for these children as well.
A study by King's College London found that night shift workers with type 2 diabetes face challenges in maintaining a healthy diet and managing their condition. The research revealed limited access to nutritious food options during night shifts, leading to poorer quality nutrition and greater variability in glucose levels.
Researchers discovered an appetite-suppressing compound in python blood that promotes satiety without stomach problems. The compound, para-tyramine-O-sulfate, has potential for new weight loss treatments.
Researchers discovered a metabolite called pTOS in pythons that increases appetite suppression in obese mice, leading to significant weight loss. The study sheds light on the power of studying extremes in the animal kingdom and may lead to new weight-loss treatments.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania developed lipid nanoparticles that modify immune metabolism to strengthen mRNA vaccines and reduce common side effects. The new lipid boosts the metabolism of immune cells, providing energy for the body's defenses while dialing down inflammatory signals.
A new study shows that high-intensity interval training increases the number of mitochondria and expands the active membrane, enhancing energy production and potentially improving endurance. The findings, published in the University of Southern Denmark, also suggest that muscle mitochondria are more adaptable than previously thought.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that human DNA is crowded with metabolic enzymes, which interact with DNA and play a crucial role in cancer cell growth and response to treatment. The unique pattern of enzymes differs by cancer type and tissue, providing new clues for understanding cancer biology.