Articles tagged with Microrna
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Researchers discovered microRNAs linked to 10 major muscular disorders, opening doors to new treatments. The study found that targeting specific microRNAs may slow muscle loss by addressing the underlying biological processes.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that HIV recruits cellular miRNA to control viral RNA translation, allowing the virus to remain dormant. Manipulating miRNA's inhibitory effect on HIV may lead to new treatment strategies against the virus.
Researchers from MIT and Alnylam Pharmaceuticals have shown that siRNA does not interfere with the microRNA pathway, achieving 80% silencing of target genes in mice and hamster liver cells. This approach could lead to treatments for a wide range of diseases.
A recent study shows that overabundance of a single microRNA, microRNA-10b, can cause tumors to spread to distant tissues in mice. Researchers found that this microRNA disrupts the normal migration process of cancer cells by targeting the HoxD10 gene.
A recent study from Michigan Medicine researchers reveals that specific 'junk' RNA genes, known as microRNA34, work with the protective gene p53 to regulate cell growth and prevent cancer. The loss of these microRNAs is linked to common lung cancer.
Research reveals how microRNA miR-21 helps cancer develop by blocking tumor-suppressor gene PTEN. High levels of miR-21 are found in many kinds of cancer cells, providing a potential marker for patient prognosis.
Researchers developed a cell-free system to investigate microRNA function, providing unprecedented insight into how miRNAs repress translation. The study resolves the current conflict over miRNA action by showing that miRNAs recruit complexes containing Ago2 and GW182 proteins.
Researchers found that microRNA levels are crucial for maintaining homeostasis during blood cell development, but not the 'slicer' activity of Ago2 protein. The study suggests that low levels of microRNA have distinct effects on different blood cell lineages.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that microRNA molecules, specifically miR-203, are significantly upregulated in psoriasis and may be involved in regulating keratinocytes. This study suggests that microRNA therapies could become more effective than traditional medicines targeting individual proteins.
Researchers found Ago2 necessary for normal blood cell development, but its role is independent of slicer activity. Ago2 regulates miRNA biogenesis in blood cells through translational control.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered that miRNAs regulate gene expression by associating with the Argonaute2 (Ago2) protein. This interaction inhibits protein production, highlighting a crucial role for Ago2 in the miRNA pathway.
Researchers found a small molecule, microRNA, essential for controlling floral organs' identity in plants. This discovery contradicts the long-held ABC model of floral organ development, suggesting a more complex temporal control mechanism.
Researchers at the University of Chicago discovered a new genetic marker called let-7, which appears to define different stages of cancer. The study found that high levels of let-7 expression are associated with less aggressive cancer, while low levels are linked to poor prognosis.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory identified a family of micro RNAs (miRNAs) that enable the p53 pathway to fight cancer growth. By comparing levels of miRNAs in cells with various pre-cancerous genetic lesions, they found a connection between changes in the p53 pathway and the loss of specific miRNAs, such as miR-34.
Researchers found that the p53 gene activates microRNA miR-34a, which kills cells with damaged genes. This microRNA plays a crucial role in stopping tumor development and is often missing in pancreatic cancer cells.
Studies found that small pieces of genetic material known as miRNAs are more likely to be located near genes affecting cancer susceptibility. This discovery could lead to new insights into cancer risk and potentially inform the development of targeted therapies.
MicroRNAs regulate cell division and development by blocking protein synthesis at its earliest stage, translation. Researchers developed a new method to study microRNA action in a test tube, revealing that they bind to messenger RNAs and prevent their translation into proteins.
Scientists have discovered a novel gene-silencing mechanism that blocks cellular machinery responsible for protein production. This mechanism, involving microRNAs and ribosome interference, has implications for anti-cancer interventions and may be conserved across species.
University of Florida researchers have identified specific human genes targeted by the Kaposi's sarcoma virus, which is believed to cause rare forms of cancer. The virus uses microRNAs to silence genes that suppress tumor cells and blood vessel growth, resulting in the characteristic red spots on patients' skin.
Scientists discovered a global expression pattern of microRNAs that can differentiate between pancreatic cancer and normal pancreas with high accuracy. The study found that specific miRNA expressions were associated with long-term survival and poor prognosis, offering potential for personalized treatment.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center have discovered a way to distinguish pancreatic cancer from non-cancerous tissue using microRNA molecules. The study found that specific miRNAs can predict patient survival rates, with correlations seen in just a few miRNAs that were not previously associated with the dis...
A new study identified genetic markers that can distinguish between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, as well as predict patient outcomes. The discovery represents a significant advancement in cancer diagnostics and may lead to improved therapy options.
The discovery of microRNAs in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii expands our understanding of small RNA regulation and challenges existing dogma. The researchers found functional characteristics between plant and animal miRNAs, suggesting a potential role in regulating sexual reproduction.
A microRNA in mouse immune cells is shown to balance the response of immune defenses, with its equivalent human gene playing a vital role. Knockout mice develop autoimmune symptoms and are less resistant to bacterial infections, highlighting the importance of this microRNA in the immune system.
Researchers at University of Virginia Health System discovered microRNAs can suppress HMGA2 overexpression, a key feature of many tumors. This finding suggests microRNAs may have a role in preventing or curing diet-induced obesity-related diseases.
Researchers found that microRNA let-7 binds to HMGA2 mRNA transcript, suppressing its expression and preventing tumorigenesis. This establishes HMGA2 as a target of let-7, highlighting the potential role of microRNAs in cancer prevention.
Researchers at Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease identified a critical genetic factor, microRNA miR-1-2, that regulates heart form and function. The study found that deletion of this microRNA causes defects in heart growth, function, and electrical conduction, potentially leading to new treatments for cardiovascular diseases.
A study led by Dr. Diana Perkins identified lower levels of microRNAs in the brains of adults with schizophrenia compared to healthy individuals. The research suggests that altered expression of microRNAs may be involved in the development of schizophrenia, potentially related to disordered synaptic plasticity.
Researchers found that vitamin A derivative ATRA increases levels of miRNA-15b and miRNA-16-1, which inhibit Bcl-2 gene activity. This helps explain how the drug works by regulating genes that need to be silenced for cell differentiation.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute discovered that microRNAs can undergo molecular editing, redirecting them to target and silence entirely different sets of genes. This process has significant physiological consequences, such as altering the production of essential enzymes involved in synthesizing uric acid.
Researchers from the Whitehead Institute have discovered that a specific microRNA helps prevent tumor formation by regulating the Hmga2 gene. In mice with compromised immune systems, cells expressing Hmga2 with disrupted let-7 sites developed tumors, highlighting a new mechanism for cancer formation.
The Xie Lab has demonstrated that the microRNA pathway is essential for controlling self-renewal of germline and somatic stem cells in Drosophila ovaries. Understanding this mechanism could lead to developing new methods for expanding stem cell populations for tissue repair.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine identified a core set of 33 microRNAs that regulate adult blood-forming stem cells. These 'master switches' can be targeted to control when stem cells grow into new blood cells, offering potential for new treatments for cancer and bone marrow disorders.
Researchers have identified a unique pattern of microRNAs in pancreatic tumor tissue, suggesting a new way to diagnose and treat the disease. The findings may lead to more effective early detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a tiny piece of genetic code, miR-29b, that moves far away from the cell's protein-making machinery. This finding reveals that microRNAs contain hidden elements that control their behavior in cells, opening up new possibilities for gene regulation and cancer research.
Researchers discovered that microRNA miR-133 targets the alternative splicing factor nPTB during early myogenesis, promoting muscle cell differentiation. This regulation affects a larger temporal program of muscle cell gene expression by altering mRNA splicing.
Two microRNAs, miR-29 and miR-181, have been found to control the expression of the TCL1 oncogene responsible for aggressive forms of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. High levels of these miRNAs suppress TCL1 expression, while low levels correlate with more aggressive cancer.
Research suggests that non-coding RNA forms interact with each other and genes to manage the genome, influencing processes like embryonic development and cancer formation. The discovery of RNA editing mechanisms, such as ADAR and microRNAs, reveals a subtle level of genome control.
Researchers uncover that junk DNA can generate microRNAs, regulating protein production, contradicting previous assumptions. The discovery expands our understanding of functional genomics and sheds light on the mysterious role of non-coding sequences in human development and disease.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that tiny RNA molecules, called microRNAs, play a significant role in causing heart enlargement and increasing the risk of heart failure. By manipulating these microRNAs, it may be possible to treat heart disease.
Researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine have identified micro-ribonucleic acids (micro-RNAs) as potential biomarkers for lupus. The study found significant differences in micro-RNA expression between lupus patients and healthy controls, with certain micro-RNAs linked to histone deacetylases and the development of lupus.
Drosha activity plays a fundamental regulatory step in microRNA processing. Blocking this enzyme can suppress miRNA production in cancer cells. This discovery may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for treating cancer by understanding the molecular events of carcinogenesis.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine identified the role of microRNAs in promoting blood vessel growth, a process called angiogenesis. The findings suggest that these microRNAs might be targeted to slow down cancer cell growth.
Researchers discover miRNAs silence genes through two independent mechanisms: repression of translation and induction of mRNA degradation. This finding resolves controversy over whether miRNAs affect mRNA levels.
Researchers found that epigenetic treatment can induce microRNA-127, which downregulates the proto-oncogene BCL6. This may have an anticancer effect. Further studies are necessary to understand the regulation of miRNA expression in cancer.
A research team led by Professor Nigel W. Fraser discovered that herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) produces an miRNA molecule encoded by the LAT gene. This miRNA works through RNA interference to prevent normal cell death, maintaining latent infection for life. The study offers a new target for treatment against latent infections.
Researchers at ULg discovered a new kind of mutation that may contribute to the wide range of phenotypic variations observed in various species, including humans. The Patrocles database provides a comprehensive collection of these mutations, which can aid in discovering similar phenomena for other phenotypes and hereditary diseases.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that overexpression of microRNA miR155 leads to the development of a neoplastic disease in transgenic mice. The researchers believe that miR155 acts as an oncogene, promoting abnormal cell growth and cancerous transformations.
Researchers discovered four protein biomarkers that can predict death from colorectal cancer independent of stage or location. A micro-RNA signature also predicts colon cancer development by regulating gene expression and cellular pathways.
Researchers discovered a new therapeutic target for hepatitis C using microRNA-122. The study found that miR-122 binds to a specific region of the virus, suggesting a potential approach for inhibiting viral replication.
Stanford scientist Sarnow discusses new approach to treating hepatitis C virus using microRNA, a small fragment of RNA found in the liver that is necessary for viral growth and reproduction. The approach aims to lower microRNA levels in the liver without affecting liver function, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University discovered a genetic signature that predicts colon cancer, distinguishing between stem cell and non-stem cell activity in colon crypts. This finding could lead to the development of new drugs by replacing lost molecules involved in cancer development.
A study by Ohio State University researchers discovered a set of 17 miRNAs turned off during normal megakaryocyte differentiation, creating a molecular signature for healthy platelets. In contrast, 10 miRNAs were found to be turned on in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia cells, suggesting a potential target for new therapies.
Researchers developed a genome-wide map of miRNA-mRNA interactions using the PicTar algorithm, predicting that one-third of C. elegans miRNAs target related genes. The study also found that 3' UTRs contain a largely unexplored universe for gene regulation.
miR-278 plays a crucial role in regulating insulin sensitivity in flies, with reduced insulin sensitivity and elevated blood glucose levels observed in flies lacking this microRNA. The study highlights the importance of microRNAs in metabolic regulation.
A common molecular signature of miRNA expression has been identified in solid tumors, providing insight into gene regulation and potential new approaches for diagnosis and treatment. This finding confirms the importance of microRNAs in growth and survival across species.
A new mechanism for regulating brain function has been discovered using microRNAs, fine-tuning synaptic connections to enhance information storage and computational capacity. The research suggests a link between microRNA miR-134 and disorders such as mental retardation and autism.
Scientists have identified two microRNAs, miR-1 and miR-133, that play opposing roles in determining whether myoblasts proliferate or differentiate into mature muscle cells. Increasing miR-1 promotes differentiation, while increasing miR-133 enhances proliferation.
Researchers discover precursor miRNAs undergo specific RNA editing, suppressing expression and activity. This finding expands our understanding of the complex process of gene regulation, with implications for embryonic development, cell differentiation, and cancer formation.
Researchers have identified 23 microRNAs that are significantly altered in the cancerous tissue compared to normal samples, with three miRs dramatically overexpressed and forming a signature that predicts the presence of malignant tissue. The study provides evidence for the regulatory role of microRNA in thyroid cancer development.