Study: Has prescription monitoring curbed the opioid epidemic?
Mandated PDMP use in US states reduced opioid prescriptions by 6.1% but led to a 50.1% increase in heroin-related deaths, according to researchers from the University of Texas at Dallas.
Pharmacology
Articles tagged with Pharmacology
Coffee and cigarettes: Research sheds new light on nicotine and morning brew
Researchers at the University of Florida found that certain compounds in coffee can directly affect high-sensitivity nicotine receptors in the brain, potentially reducing morning cravings. The study provides a good foundation for further research into nicotine withdrawal and its effects on the brain.
CNIC scientists uncover opposing roles of p38 proteins in cardiac hypertrophy
A study by CNIC scientists has identified a key role for the MKK3/6–p38γ/δ signaling pathway in cardiac hypertrophy. Inhibition of p38α promotes an unexpected activation of the other branch of the pathway, consisting of the proteins MKK3, p38γ, and p38δ. This activation induces another key pathway in cardiac hypertrophy, the mTOR pathway.
Aldosterone linked to increased risk of chronic kidney disease progression and end-stage kidney disease
Higher aldosterone concentrations are associated with lower eGFR, lower potassium levels in blood, and higher potassium and protein concentrations in urine. The risk of CKD worsening was independent of diabetes status. Finerenone may help prevent CKD progression by targeting aldosterone's action.
Scientists develop greener, more efficient method for producing next-generation antibiotics
Researchers have created a new, more efficient way to produce antibiotics with an additional fluorine atom, which can improve pharmaceutical properties and combat drug-resistant bacteria. This breakthrough uses microscopic organisms to assemble the antibiotic, bypassing toxic chemicals.
People respond differently to psychedelic drugs — genetics could be the reason
Researchers found that genetic variations in the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor impact its interaction with psychedelic drugs. Seven variants uniquely altered the receptor's response to psilocin, LSD, 5-MeO-DMT, and mescaline.
Oncotarget | CUDC907 promotes apoptosis of NF2 Schwannoma cells
Researchers identified CUDC907 as a dual phosphoinositide-3 kinase/histone deacetylase inhibitor that promotes apoptosis in NF2 schwannoma cells. The compound reduced viability and induced cell cycle arrest in human merlin deficient Schwann cell models.
Scientists identify ‘bottleneck’ in drug delivery pathways in stem cells
Researchers developed a mathematical model to predict the efficiency of nanoparticle delivery into cells, particularly in stem cells. They found that nanoparticles become trapped in bubble-like vesicles, preventing them from reaching their targets.
IVI kicks off first ‘Introductory Course for Biologics Development and Manufacturing’ to train 117 people from 25 LMICs on July 18
The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) has launched a two-week training course for biologics development and manufacturing, targeting low- and middle-income countries. The program aims to enhance local production of vaccines and biologics in LMICs to address vaccine inequity and global pandemic preparedness.
Computational tools and new strategies make drug discovery more efficient
The use of computational tools and new strategies is transforming drug discovery, enabling researchers to navigate the vast chemical space more efficiently. Companies are leveraging virtual libraries of compounds and advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning to optimize screens and identify promising leads.
Opioid poisoning on the rise
A study by ETH Zurich researchers shows a sharp increase in opioid poisoning cases and sales in Switzerland between 2000 and 2019, with oxycodone being the second most common cause. The rise is similar to that seen in other European countries, but per capita sales are higher in Switzerland.
App to help doctors help patients with leukemia
Researchers have developed an app to help doctors identify patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) at risk of developing infections, allowing for earlier treatment. The app uses blood test results and genetic data to predict patient risk, improving treatment outcomes and reducing pressure on the healthcare system.
Improved protein function opens way for new drug development concept
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have improved the ability of a protein to repair oxidative DNA damage, creating a new drug development concept. The technique can lead to improved treatments for diseases involving oxidative stress.
Chung-Ang university researchers pioneer new way to manipulate microdroplets
Scientists at Chung-Ang University have pioneered a novel method for controlling microdroplet motion on solid surfaces using near-infrared light. This approach allows for more precise control than traditional thermal techniques and opens up new possibilities for applications in microfluidics, drug delivery, and self-cleaning surfaces.
Chinese Medical Journal Review shines a light on the overlooked virus, hepatitis D
Researchers discuss Hepatitis D's life cycle and interactions with its host, exploring strategies for further research to combat this overlooked virus. HDV coinfects people with hepatitis B, rapidly progressing to liver cirrhosis and cancer if left untreated, with a review published in the Chinese Medical Journal.
Controlled fabrication of multimetallic building blocks for hybrid nanomaterials
A research team from Tokyo University of Science has developed a new method to create copolymers with different metal species, which have potential uses in catalysis and drug discovery. The technique allows for controlling the composition of metal species in the resulting polymer.
New type of triterpenes discovered
Researchers have discovered a new type of triterpenes in fungi that don't require squalene, overturning current knowledge and offering a new approach to pharmaceutical science. This breakthrough opens up possibilities for creating more valuable compounds with anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and other properties.
Why COVID vaccines are deemed non-essential for UK young children
The UK's Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation advises that COVID vaccines should be offered to 5–11-year-old children, but deem immunization as non-essential. Dr Hamid Merchant explains why current vaccines are not suitable for children due to efficacy and safety concerns.
Scientists find sea corals are source of sought-after “anti-cancer” compound
Researchers at University of Utah Health have found a natural chemical in soft corals that shows promise in treating cancer. The discovery allows for the first steps of re-creating the chemical in the laboratory, opening up possibilities for producing it on a large scale.
Broadening the scope of epoxide ring opening reactions with zirconocene
Researchers at Waseda University demonstrate a novel zirconocene-catalyzed epoxide ring-opening reaction under visible light, expanding the reaction scope and regioselectivity. The approach enables accessible synthesis of elusive alcohol products with improved efficiency and environmental sustainability.
Changes in waivers to prescribe buprenorphine for opioid use disorder during COVID-19
This case series examined changes in buprenorphine prescribing waivers during COVID-19. The number of clinicians receiving waivers increased significantly before and during the pandemic, indicating a growing need for expanded access to opioid treatment.
Pumping calcium for bigger bones
A Kyoto University study has discovered that c-type natriuretic peptide facilitates intracellular calcium signaling in chondrocytes to stimulate long bone growth. This finding may lead to the development of new bone growth-stimulating agents for treating developmental disorders.
Oncoscience: Altos Labs and the quest for immortality - Dr. Blagosklonny’s perspective
Dr. Blagosklonny discusses the potential of combining rapamycin with other modalities to live long enough to benefit from future discoveries in cellular reprogramming. He emphasizes that Altos Labs needs to develop rapamycin-based drug combinations to achieve additional decades of life extension, potentially within 3-5 years.
Key protein identified for brain stem cell longevity
A receptor protein called insulin receptor is pivotal for brain stem cell longevity, according to a Rutgers study. The researchers also found that the same protein plays a crucial role in sustaining brain cancer cells.
Using AI to analyze large amounts of biological data
Researchers at the University of Missouri are applying AI to analyze protein dynamics, identifying potential target sites for new drug therapies. The approach can simulate protein changes related to conditions like cancer, enhancing the chances of successful therapies.
Researchers at the GIST develop deep learning model to predict adverse drug-drug interactions
Researchers developed a deep learning-based model to predict drug-drug interactions using gene expression data. The DeSIDE-DDI model can identify potentially dangerous pairs and act as a drug safety monitoring system, helping establish the correct usage of drugs in the development phase.
How it works: The protein that stimulates muscle growth
Scientists discover that activating TAK1 in skeletal muscle promotes muscle growth and prevents atrophy, with implications for treating conditions like cancer, COPD, and genetic diseases. The research also highlights the importance of maintaining healthy neuromuscular junctions.
New graphite based rapid sensor chip for real-time theophylline monitoring
Researchers developed a disposable electrochemical sensor using graphite-based molecularly imprinted polymers to detect theophylline levels. The sensor can identify low concentrations of theophylline (2.5 μg/mL) in whole blood within 3 seconds, enabling real-time monitoring and potential overdose prevention.
Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology researchers detect coronavirus particles with “slow light”
Researchers at Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) have developed a new technique to easily visualize viruses using an optical microscope, called the Gires-Tournois immunoassay platform. The platform uses 'slow light' technology to detect coronavirus particles by slowing down light that gets reflected around them.
Tumor-targeting radioconjugate drugs could change cancer care
Researchers are developing radioconjugate drugs that combine radiation with a tumor-targeting agent to selectively kill cancer cells. Two approved drugs, Lutathera and Pluvicto, demonstrate the potential of this therapy, which could change the future of cancer treatment.
Antidepressants are not associated with improved quality of life in the long run
A new study found that antidepressant use over two years does not significantly impact physical or mental health-related quality of life in individuals with depression. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological interventions.
New study on mice sheds light on the anti-obesity effects of vitamin E
Researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology discovered that tocotrienols, a subtype of vitamin E, can lower body weight, reduce white adipose tissue, and protect the liver in mice fed with a high-fat diet. The study suggests a potential compound to prevent obesity and its secondary diseases.
A drug that cures alcoholism may be the next anti-anxiety medication
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science discovered that disulfiram inhibits FROUNT protein and chemokine signaling pathways, reducing anxiety levels in mice. The study suggests a potential breakthrough anti-anxiety medication with safe and effective treatment for elderly patients suffering from anxiety and insomnia.
How to find anti-cancer agents
The Paul Scherrer Institute and Italian Institute of Technology have developed a novel substance called Todalam that disables tubulin, a protein essential for cell division. In cell cultures, Todalam kills cells, making it a promising starting point for developing an anti-cancer drug.
New studies in journal of pharmaceutical analysis demonstrate advancements in nanotechnology and their impact across multiple areas of human health
Recent studies published in the Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis have found applications of nanotechnology in medicine, drug research, and environmental protection. Researchers developed nanodots made of carbon using natural polysaccharides from mushrooms to detect chromium, and created nanozymes that could be used to detect drug con...
A Nobel Prize-worthy question: How do we sense heat, cold, touch?
Researchers have made significant advancements in understanding the cellular level of ion channels, which are fundamental to sensing environmental signals. The discovery of fundamental ion-channel sensors for temperature and pressure has led to new treatments for conditions like stroke, hypertension, and Alzheimer's disease.
Insomnia could increase people’s risk of type 2 diabetes, study finds
A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Bristol has discovered a potential link between insomnia and an elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The research suggests that poor sleep quality may contribute to insulin resistance and glycemic control issues.
Research team from Goethe University discovers Achilles’ heel of dangerous hospital pathogen
A team from Goethe University has identified the spatial structure of the mannitol-synthesizing enzyme MtlD in Acinetobacter baumannii, which is crucial for its survival. This discovery could lead to the development of customized substances to inhibit the enzyme and combat this hospital pathogen.
Researchers at the GIST identify new medicines using interpretable deep learning predictions
A new deep learning-based model called Highlights on Target Sequences (HoTS) predicts binding between drugs and target molecules, providing interpretable results. The model can predict target proteins' binding regions and interactions with drugs without a 3D complex.
Animal study shows safety of using CBD and THC with opioids
A new animal study suggests that combining marijuana compounds like CBD and THC with opioids may not increase the risk of addiction. The research found that these compounds do not enhance the rewarding effects of opioids, which could lead to a lowered risk of addiction or physical dependence.
Projecting COVID-19 mortality as states relax nonpharmacologic interventions
Researchers project COVID-19 deaths in US states after lifting nonpharmacologic interventions. The study found significant differences in mortality rates among states, highlighting the need for targeted health policies.
Plant compound shows promise for alleviating food allergies
Researchers have identified formononetin as a potential therapeutic for treating food allergies, which affect nearly 10% of the world population. The plant compound has been shown to decrease IgE production and influence gene and protein targets regulated in food allergy and mast cell diseases.
Cancer incidence in China and the USA: Scientists discuss changing and converging trends
The study reveals a narrowing gap between cancer profiles in China and the USA, with converging trends in lung, breast, and colorectal cancers. China's cancer burden is expected to rise, while the US has seen reduced rates since the 1990s due to effective prevention strategies.
Disparities in diabetic eye care
A new University of Houston study finds racial and ethnic disparities in diabetic eye care, with Whites more likely to receive regular exams than minorities. The study also reveals that Hispanics have the highest prevalence of diabetic eye complications.
Triggering cellular apoptosis by optical targeting
Researchers at Okayama University have created a new method to kill cancer cells using light-activated protein AR3, reducing the risk of adverse reactions. The approach uses green light to trigger apoptosis in targeted cells, offering a promising alternative to conventional treatments.
Verifying the cause of allergic disorders
Researchers verified the cause of allergic disorders by identifying plasma B cells secreting E-type immunoglobulin in the thymus of mice models. The study found that thymus-derived E-type immunoglobulin promotes food-induced anaphylactic reactions by increasing mast cell numbers in the intestine.
Personalized testing for safety and effectiveness of common medicines must be offered throughout the health service
A report by the British Pharmacological Society and Royal College of Physicians recommends integrating pharmacogenomic testing to ensure medicines work safely and effectively for individual patients. The UK is a world leader in genomic medicine, and expanded testing would further demonstrate this leadership.
Scientists discover body's natural alarm to battle blood loss
Researchers at UVA Health System discovered a cluster of cells in the brainstem that controls the body's response to severe blood loss. The study found that re-activating these neurons can restore blood pressure and heart rate in lab rats, offering new hope for treating traumatic injuries.
Enhancing drug development process with more precise animal models
A POSTECH research team has developed a technology to select genes from animal models that accurately mimic human diseases. This allows for the prediction of success or failure of animal disease models before making them, leading to more effective new drugs.
NCCN pharmacy directors forum publishes recommendations for safely dispensing investigational medications for clinical trials
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network has published new consensus recommendations to improve the safety and efficiency of research studies involving investigational drugs. The recommendations focus on seven areas, including pharmacy workflows and collaboration with sponsors.
Seniors with memory issues take multiple meds, but most are willing to cut down
A new study led by UC San Francisco reveals that 87% of seniors with dementia would stop at least one medication if their doctor said it was possible. Polypharmacy contributes to challenges with adherence and adverse interactions, but most patients are willing to reduce their medications.
Treating tough tumors by exploiting their iron ‘addiction’
Researchers at UCSF develop a new cancer treatment that targets RAS-mutated tumors by exploiting their high levels of ferrous iron. The treatment, TRX-cobimetinib, is more effective and tolerable than current treatments like cobimetinib, which can cause serious side effects in normal tissues.
Hot Topics at Experimental Biology 2022 Meeting, April 2–5 in Philadelphia
The Experimental Biology (EB) 2022 meeting explored diverse topics such as race and mental health in STEM, artificial intelligence in computational pathobiology and new insights at the leading edge of circadian physiology. Highlights from EB 2022 include symposia on GPCRs and G-protein signaling.
Tick saliva drug could ease chronic pain and itching in people
Researchers have identified a protein in tick saliva that can relieve chronic pain and itching, offering a potential alternative to traditional painkillers. The findings could lead to a new medication that is more effective and safer than current options.
Scientists discover mechanism behind how certain osmolytes cause kidney damage
Researchers discovered that a specific osmolyte causes kidney cells to undergo an EMT transformation, leading to renal failure. The team found a way to prevent this change by arresting focal adhesion rearrangement, suggesting a new approach to enhance therapeutic value of common osmolytes.
How well do boosters work? Depends on your genes
A new study by University of Michigan researchers found that genetics play a crucial role in how our bodies respond to vaccines and booster shots. The team identified a specific form of an antibody-related gene that predicts whether boosting will be effective for increasing innate immune responses.
Autoimmune diseases: discovery of central building block in immune cells
A team of researchers at MedUni Vienna's Center for Physiology and Pharmacology has discovered a key building block in immune cells that promotes immunotolerance and prevents T-cell attacks on the body's own tissues. The study suggests a potential new cell-based therapeutic approach to slow down autoimmune disease progression.
Trust your gut: how your gut microbiota can save you from cancer
A recent review highlights the effects of different intestinal bacteria on colorectal cancer, exploring new therapies for disease prevention and treatment. Beneficial probiotics, such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, exhibit anticancer properties and reduce CRC cell proliferation.
University of Houston researcher finds a new biomarker and potential drug target for breast cancer
Researchers at the University of Houston have identified a new biomarker, NPY1R, that predicts therapy outcome and has potential as a drug target in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The study found that NPY1R expression is associated with favorable outcomes in Luminal A subtype breast cancer, but declines in resistant cases.
TTUHSC's Jansen receives NIH grant to continue study into neurological disorders
Dr. Jansen will test hypotheses on intracellular domain of pLGIC proteins, aiming to gain insights into assembly, chaperone-modulation and functional conformational transitions in various diseases. Her research focuses on neurotransmitter-gated ion channels and their interactions with RIC-3-like chaperone proteins.