Articles tagged with Phosphates
A University of Iowa study reveals a critical link in the sugar chain of an important muscle protein, providing insights into congenital muscular dystrophies and cancer progression. The discovery may lead to new therapies for treating these conditions.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new type of glass that blocks ultraviolet light and has increased radiation damage resistance. The cerium-containing phosphate glasses can be used in windows, sunglasses, and solar cells.
Scientists have recovered uranium from polluted waters using bacteria and inositol phosphate, a cheap waste material. The process is economically viable, especially as the world price of uranium is likely to increase, offering an environmental protection benefit.
Scientists have developed an eco-friendly coating that enables consumers to wipe away oils with plain water, reducing the need for harsh detergents. The coating can be added to window cleaning sprays and used on a range of surfaces, including mirrors, windshields, and concrete floors.
A recent study found that 'enhanced' fresh meat products often contain high levels of phosphorous and potassium not listed on food labels. This can be problematic for kidney disease patients who must limit these substances to avoid premature death.
Researchers found that adding simethicone to sodium phosphate bowel preparation improved visualization during colonoscopy by reducing air bubbles. However, simethicone did not demonstrate a significant impact on the adequacy of colon preparation.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center used the fungus Neurospora to study the biochemistry and genetics of body clocks. They found that a protein called FRQ marks time by a sequence of changes in its chemical structure, which controls many biological processes including cell division, hormonal release, and sleep/wake cycles.
Researchers at McGill University have identified a principal cause of Alzheimer's disease as the addition of a single phosphate to an amino acid in a key brain protein, tau. This breakthrough could lead to earlier diagnosis and potentially block the onset of the disease.
Researchers at EMBL discovered Vtc4p as the protein responsible for producing polyphosphate chains in yeast, a process crucial for energy storage and other cellular functions. This finding has significant implications for agriculture, including improved crop production and fertilizer development.
A CSHL-led team has identified a critical role for the protein EYA in setting the machinery for DNA repair, allowing cells to either fix broken DNA or die. The discovery sheds light on how cells make decisions when faced with catastrophic DNA damage.
Research on Pseudomonas aeruginosa reveals the mineral phosphate plays a crucial role in its deadly behavior, potentially leading to new treatments that disarm the pathogen without killing it. Excess phosphate can mitigate harm caused by activated P. aeruginosa, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach.
Researchers at MIT have successfully engineered viruses to build a cathode material, leading to the creation of a highly powerful and conductive lithium-ion battery. The virus-produced batteries demonstrate improved energy capacity and power performance compared to traditional rechargeable batteries.
French and American scientists used synchrotron holotomography to reveal the first fossil brain, a 300-million-year-old relative of sharks and ratfish. The discovery sheds light on brain evolution during major transitions and demonstrates the potential for microtomographic techniques in studying fossil brains.
A study found that chewing gum with a phosphate-binding ingredient can help maintain proper phosphate levels and prevent cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients. Salivary phosphate levels decreased significantly after two weeks of chewing, while blood phosphate levels also showed a notable reduction.
Research suggests that high intake of inorganic phosphates, found in processed foods, can stimulate lung cancer development and growth. Dietary regulation of phosphates may play a critical role in treatment and prevention of the disease.
A study found that high-normal phosphate levels are associated with increased calcium in coronary arteries, a key indicator of atherosclerosis. The research suggests that phosphate levels may represent a previously unidentified cardiovascular risk factor.
Researchers have discovered a key role of sugar molecules in regulating cellular processes, potentially leading to new treatments for diseases like diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer. The findings suggest that sugar molecules can influence protein function and interactions, providing a new target for manipulation by drugs.
A new study suggests that monitoring fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) levels can provide crucial information for the treatment of kidney failure patients. Elevated FGF-23 levels have been linked to a significantly increased risk of death among dialysis patients, even when phosphate levels are normal.
Researchers have identified a new molecular mechanism of starch breakdown in plants, involving the action of enzymes that place and remove phosphate groups on starch molecules. This process is finely tuned to diurnal changes in photosynthesis and circadian rhythms.
A new study found that bowel preparation with oral sodium phosphate does not improve cleanliness and visibility in small bowel capsule endoscopy for patients with obscure GI bleeding. The standard method of an eight-hour fast before the procedure was shown to be equally effective.
The combination of sodium phosphate and bisacodyl impairs small intestine quality during capsule endoscopy, accelerating transit time but having no effect on CE quality. Further studies are needed to identify effective preparation procedures.
Researchers found that phosphate-binding drugs can decrease vascular calcification, which is a major source of cardiovascular risk in CKD patients. These treatments may also reduce the activity of genetic programs that stimulate bone-forming cells in blood vessel walls.
Researchers at Harvard University have found that a simple circadian clock can maintain an accurate 24-hour cycle through the rhythmic addition and subtraction of phosphate groups on a single protein. This discovery builds upon previous research and has implications for understanding general feedback mechanisms in organisms.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that a hormone released during emotional arousal 'primes' nerve cells to remember events by increasing their chemical sensitivity. This process, known as the 'priming effect,' enhances the sculpting of memories into long-term storage.
Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia made a groundbreaking discovery in the molecular mechanisms of phototropism, which is crucial for plant growth towards or away from light. The study focused on the protein NPH3 and its phosphorylation, finding that it plays a key role in regulating phototropic signaling.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered that the disorderly protein p27 participates in its own destruction by dislodging a phosphate tag from CDK2, allowing it to trigger cell division. Abnormal kinases can prematurely release p27, leading to cancer.
Scientists discover that the structure of the bases, rather than the backbone, is critical in developing genetic material. They created molecules with alternative bases and found that only one pair was strong enough to form specific base pairs.
A new study finds that the stalk of Caulobacter crescentus bacteria acts as an antenna to amplify nutrient uptake, increasing efficiency without increasing volume or surface area. This discovery has significant implications for bioremediation and drug production.
Separating urine from wastewater can significantly reduce energy consumption, decrease sewer stench, and protect pipes. By purifying 50% of urine, 25% less energy is needed for the entire purification system.
A large-scale phase IV trial found FOSRENOL significantly reduced daily tablet burden and improved patient satisfaction, while maintaining mean serum phosphorus control. Higher initial doses of FOSRENOL more rapidly controlled hyperphosphatemia without increasing adverse events.
Researchers have developed a new technology that uses a bioactive cement scaffold to improve bone grafts. The scaffold is seeded with patient cells and formed with a calcium phosphate material strengthened by adding chitosan, which enhances cell attachment and reduces the risk of rejection.
Researchers have found that subsurface bacteria can release phosphate, which converts uranium contamination into an immobile form. This biomineralization approach uses phosphate precipitation to immobilize uranium, offering a novel strategy for remediation.
Researchers found that all-purpose floor detergents containing no phosphate are just as effective as lead-specific cleaners in removing lead from household surfaces. HUD's new guidelines will incorporate the findings, addressing concerns of 24 million US homes with significant lead levels.
Myxococcus xanthus uses all three known phosphate signalling pathways and a partial fourth pathway in combination to detect and utilize phosphates. The bacterium's complex system enables it to find phosphates in different states or conditions, exploiting them for energy.
Researchers found that the unstructured regions of protein Ets-1 play a crucial role in controlling gene expression, acting like a dimmer switch rather than an on-off switch. The study reveals that phosphorylation affects protein activity by decreasing internal motion and altering gene binding.
Researchers at UCSD School of Medicine have discovered a natural tumor suppressor called PHLPP, which can be turned on in certain cancer cells to prevent tumor formation. By deleting a phosphate molecule from the Akt protein, PHLPP terminates cell-growth signaling and promotes programmed cell death.
Researchers found that urinary calcium levels play a significant role in the formation of both calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones. The studies suggest that patients with elevated intestinal calcium absorption and urinary calcium levels may need to limit their calcium intake to prevent kidney stone formation.
FOSRENOL effectively controls hyperphosphatemia, a leading cause of renal osteodystrophy and bone pain in ESRD patients. Long-term use maintains bone health status without worsening bone status, unlike aluminum-based phosphate binders.
Researchers have discovered a way to improve plant growth by increasing phosphorus uptake from the soil, reducing fertilizer needs and water pollution. The discovery, made by Dr. Maria Harrison, involves identifying genes that regulate the transfer of phosphorus into plants, with potential benefits for sustainable agriculture.
A worldwide increase in diabetes is forecasted to lead to a renal disease explosion. FOSRENOL, a new phosphate binding medication, has been shown to be effective in managing hyperphosphataemia, a condition associated with ESRD. The study highlights the need for new treatments to manage serious complications of dialysis.
New global trials build on earlier phase III studies demonstrating FOSRENOL's efficacy in treating hyperphosphataemia. The new trials aim to confirm safety and efficacy of the phosphate binder, which has shown lower incidence of hypercalcaemia compared to calcium-based binders.
FOSRENOL, a lanthanum carbonate-based treatment, has been approved for reducing phosphate risk in dialysis patients with end-stage renal failure. The treatment has shown effectiveness and well-tolerability in studies, improving bone disease outcomes.
A 11-week study showed lanthanum carbonate significantly reduced serum phosphorus levels in hemodialysis patients, meeting the new K/DOQI guidelines. Sixty percent of patients achieved target levels, with lower calcium x phosphate product.
Melatonin levels are high at night and low during the day, but a newly discovered regulatory mechanism reveals how exposure to light accelerates melatonin disappearance. The study identified a critical phosphate group in enzyme AANAT that determines its stability, shedding new light on cellular processes.
Researchers found that Indomethacin keeps phosphate levels normalized without causing life-threatening complications, offering a potential treatment alternative to conventional therapies for X-linked hypophosphatemia.
Researchers have mapped the location of a dominant signaling molecule on proteins, which causes cancer and diabetes when it goes awry. The discovery allows scientists to block aberrant binding and treat diseases by designing drugs that target specific phosphate bonding patterns.
Phosphate reduction is achieved within a week of treatment with lanthanum carbonate, a new phosphate binder. This effective treatment reduces serum calcium levels and improves cardiovascular health in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
A study by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that enhancement with standard levels of salt and phosphate can improve the quality of lower-grade beef. Consumers reported a preference for enhanced roasts and steaks over non-enhanced cuts, which were found to be juicier and more flavorful.
Acer's process creates a micro-porous calcium phosphate coated polymer 'bone' that allows natural bone growth, reducing recovery time to 18 months. The technology, funded by the Navy Small Business Technology Transition program, has shown success in animal testing and tissue cultures.
Researchers at NIST have invented composites that can promote re-growth of natural tooth structures efficiently. These bioactive, biocompatible materials can be used to stimulate the repair of defective teeth, minimizing decay under orthodontic braces and potentially in root canal therapy.
Long-term data show effective control of serum phosphate levels, with 71.7% achieving target levels after one year and 68.9% after three years. Low incidence of hypercalcaemia is also maintained throughout the study period.
A 12-month study comparing FOSRENOL and calcium carbonate found that FOSRENOL led to a 'considerably better outcome' on bone histology, with halved rates of patients with osteomalacia, adynamic bone disease, or hyperparathyroidism. This contrasts with the calcium carbonate group, which showed an increase in these conditions.
A 52-week extension trial found that lanthanum carbonate successfully maintained lowered phosphate levels in patients with end-stage kidney disease. The study demonstrated a good safety profile, with no treatment-related serious adverse events, and supported the use of Fosrenol as a long-term treatment option.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have localized the original mineral deposit site for most common stone formers and determined the composition of calcium phosphate crystals. This discovery refutes current theories on kidney stone formation, shedding new light on the disease's complex physiology.
Lantern carbonate has been shown to reduce high phosphate levels and calcium levels in the blood, reducing the risk of calcification of the coronary arteries. The study also found that lanthanum carbonate is well-tolerated and associated with a lower incidence of serious adverse events.
The Waddenzee's water quality has changed significantly over the past 140 years, with a doubling of freshwater quantity contributing to increased nutrient levels. This shift affects species composition and plankton growth, with algal blooms continuing to increase.
A team of researchers from Penn State has successfully developed a polymer coating that adheres to the surface of optical glass, particularly phosphate glasses. This breakthrough enables new applications for these glasses in fields such as optics and photonics.
Researchers at the University of Maryland have developed a new method to detect chemical weapons by reacting with specific phosphate esters. The system uses molecules that selectively detect even small amounts of lethal phosphate esters, reducing false positives from benign chemicals like pesticides.
Researchers discovered a specific code that unlocks T cell activation, preventing immune cells from attacking the body's own cells. The code is: B1, C2, A1, A2, B2, C1.
Scientists have isolated a novel gene involved in phosphorylating starch in potato tubers. Inhibiting its expression leads to reduced phosphate content and altered starch properties, resulting in improved degradation and reduced cold-induced sweetening. This discovery has significant implications for plant biotechnology.